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Lecture Part of Fluid Class
Definition and fluids properties
Fluid statics
Fluids in motion (Cinematics) Continuity, momentum, and energy principles
Euler, Bernoulli & Application (inviscid fluids)
Drag and lift ?
Navier Stokes ?
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Introduction to Fluid Mechanics
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Fluid Mechanics
Fluids essential to life Human body 65% water
Earths surface is 2/3 water
Atmosphere extends 17km above the earths surface
History shaped by fluid mechanics Geomorphology
Human migration and civilization
Modern scientific and mathematical theories and methods
Warfare
Affects every part of our lives
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History
Faces of Fluid Mechanics
Archimedes(C. 287-212 BC)
Newton(1642-1727)
Leibniz(1646-1716)
Euler(1707-1783)
Navier(1785-1836)
Stokes(1819-1903)
Reynolds(1842-1912)
Prandtl(1875-1953)
Bernoulli(1667-1748)
Taylor(1886-1975)
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Significance
Fluids omnipresent Weather & climate
Vehicles: automobiles, trains, ships, and
planes, etc. Environment
Physiology and medicine
Sports & recreation
Many other examples!
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Weather & ClimateTornadoes
HurricanesGlobal Climate
Thunderstorm
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Vehicles
Aircraft
Submarines
High-speed rail Surface ships
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Environment
Air pollution River hydraulics
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Physiology and Medicine
Blood pump Ventricular assist device
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Sports & Recreation
Water sports
Auto racing
Offshore racingCycling
Surfing
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Fluids Engineering
22PBU
D!
2 2
s SM SN U U U!
Reality
Fluids Engineering System Components Idealized
EFD, Mathematical Physics Problem Formulation
AFD, CFD,mU
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Applications of EFD
Application in research & development
Tropic Wind Tunnel has the ability to create
temperatures ranging from 0 to 165 degrees
Fahrenheit and simulate rain
Application in science & technology
Picture of Karman vortex shedding
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Applications of EFD (contd)
Example of industrial application
NASA's cryogenic wind tunnel simulates flightconditions for scale models--a critical tool in
designing airplanes.
Application in teaching
Fluid dynamics laboratory
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Full and model scale
Scales: model, and full-scale
Selection of the model scale: governed by dimensional analysis and similarity
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Instrumentation
Load cell
Pitot tube
Hotwire3D - PIV
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Data acquisition system
Hardware
Software - Labview
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EFD hands on experience
Lab1: Measurement of density and
kinematic viscosity of a fluidLab2: Measurement of
flow rate, friction factor and
velocity profiles in smooth and
rough pipes.
Lab3: Measurement of surface pressure
Distribution, lift and drag coefficient for an airfoil
ToScanivalve
Chord-wisePressure
Taps
TygonTubing
Load Cell
Load CellL
D
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Modeling (examples, contd)
3D vortex shedding behind a circular cylinder(Re=100,DNS,J.Dijkstra)
DES,Re=105, Iso-
surface of Q
criterion (0.4)
for turbulentflow around
NACA12 with
angle of attack
60 degrees
LES of a turbulent jet. Back wall shows a slice of the dissipation rate and the
bottom wall shows a carpet plot of the mixture fraction in a slice through the jetcenterline, Re=21,000 (D. Glaze).
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Commercial software CFD software
1. FLUENT: http://www.fluent.com
2. FLOWLAB: http://www.flowlab.fluent.com3. CFDRC: http://www.cfdrc.com4. STAR-CD: http://www.cd-adapco.com5. CFX/AEA: http://www.software.aeat.com/cfx
Grid Generation software1. Gridgen: http://www.pointwise.com
2. GridPro: http://www.gridpro.com
Visualization software
1. Tecplot: http://www.amtec.com2. Fieldview: http://www.ilight.com