14th Psychology Conference
November 16-17, 2018, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Bangladesh Psychological Association (BPA)
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14TH PSYCHOLOGY CONFERENCE Organized by
Bangladesh Psychological Association (BPA)
November 16-17, 2018
Nabab Nawab Ali Chowdhury Senate Bhaban
University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM SCHEDULE SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 2018
14th Psychology Conference
November 16-17, 2018, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Bangladesh Psychological Association (BPA)
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SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE OF THE CONFERENCE 2018
1. Prof. Dr. M. Kamal Uddin Convener
Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka
2. Dr. Muhammad Kamruzzaman Mozumder Member Secretary
Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka
3. Prof. Dr. M. Mahmudur Rahman Member
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka
4. Prof. Dr. M. Shamsuddin Elias Member
Department of Psychology, National University, Gazipur
5. Dr. Anjuman Shirin Member
Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Rajshahi University
6. Dr. Md. Nurul Islam Member
Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong
7. Dr. Muhammad Akram Uzzaman Member
Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Jagannath University
SCHEDULE OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM
Program Starts: 9:00
Parallel Sessions I: 9:00-10:00
Tea Break: 10:00-10:30
Parallel Sessions II: 10:30-11:30
Joint Session I (Boundary of Psychology Subfields): 11:30-13:00 (Seminar Hall)
Lunch Break: 13:00-14:00
Parallel Sessions III: 14:00-15:00
Parallel Sessions IV: 15:00-16:00
Vote of Thanks by Prof. Dr. M. Kamal Uddin: 16:00-16:15 (Seminar Hall)
Tea Break: 16:15-16:50
Program Ends: 17:00
14th Psychology Conference
November 16-17, 2018, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Bangladesh Psychological Association (BPA)
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Parallel Sessions I
Seminar Hall, Senate Bhaban
9:0
0-1
0:0
0
Rajonigandha, Alumni Floor
Chair: Prof. Dr. M. Mahmudur Rahman
Discussant: Prof. Dr. Noor Mohammad
Chair: Prof. Dr. M. Shamsuddin Elias
Discussant: Prof. Dr. Mahbuba Kaniz Keya
1. Validation of the Future Aspiration Scale in
Bangladeshi Culture
Muhammad Akram Uzzaman and A. K. M.
Rezaul Karim
6. Role of Non-cognitive Factors in Academic
Achievement of Undergraduates
Mst. Jakia Rahman, Muhammad Kamal Uddin
and Nasrin Nahar
2. Exploring Predictors of First Year Academic
Achievement: The Case of Dhaka University
Sumaia Ali Raisa and Muhammad Kamal Uddin
7. Viability of EMDR Practice in Bangladesh: A
Push Forward
Shamim F. Karim and Shaheen Islam
3. Executive Functions of People with Drug
Addiction
Marzia Al-Hakeem and Kamal Uddin Ahmed
Chowdhury
8. Delays and Dropouts in Postgraduate Degrees
in Dhaka University: A Possible Clinical
Psychological Intervention
Farah Deeba, Jobeda Khatun, Shobnom
Tehzeeb, and Syeda Sara Nasir
4. Early Childhood Under nutrition and
Neurodevelopment of Disadvantaged Children
Abu Yusuf Mahmud, Md. Kamal Uddin, and
FahmidaTofail
9. Effect of Gender, Education and Socio-
economic Status on Optimism
Fayaza Ahmed, Abu Yusuf Mahmud, and
Mehtab Khanam
5. Fieldwork Practices across Cultures: A
Reflection from Bangladesh
Umme Habiba Jasmine and Mzikazi Nduna
10. Effectiveness of Ancient Japanese Healing
Technique (Acupressure) for Stress Relief
Rahnuma-E-Jannat and Zinnatul Borak
Tea Break (10:00-10:30)
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November 16-17, 2018, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Parallel Sessions II
Rajonigandha, Alumni Floor
10
:30
-11:3
0
Seminar Hall, Senate Bhaban
Chair: Prof. Dr. M. Kamal Uddin
Discussant: Dr. Nurul Islam
Chair: Prof. Dr. Mahfuza Khanam
Discussant: Prof. Dr. Sabina Sultana
11. Depression, Anxiety, and Everyday Memory
among Female Diploma Nursing Students
Muhammad Kamal Uddin, Anika Shama, Rizvi
Khatun, and Mala Reberio
16. Parental Acceptance-Rejection (PAR) in
Relation to Adolescent’s Fantasy and
Aggression towards Their Parents
Hamida Naz and Mahadi-Ul-Morshed
12. Relationship between Abusive Supervision and
Authentic Leadership of Employees in BD
Syeda Sara Nasir
17. Personality Traits, Social Networking Sites
Use and Addiction, and Mental Health
Tasnim Sultana, Lisa Paul, and Oli Ahmed
13. Loneliness and Facebook Addiction
Mohammad Alamgir Hossain, Oli Ahmed, and
Lutfun Nahar
18. Mental Health and Psychosocial Earthquake
Preparedness for the City of Dhaka
Mukta Jahan Banu and Joel Montanez
14. Relationships among Internet Addiction,
Personality Traits, and Academic Achievement
of University Students
Mohammad Alamgir Hossain and Umme Jannatul
Ferdous
19. Anxiety and Depression Predicting Facebook
Addiction among Young Adults in Dhaka
City
Shakila Parvin Bristy, Farjana Begum, and
Muhammad Kamal Uddin
15. Parental Rejection, Depression, and Internet
Addiction among Young Adults
Momtaz Sultana and Muhammad Kamal Uddin
20. Factors Mediates the Relationship between
Women’s Attitude towards Employment and
Marital Adjustment
Salma Akther and Md. Nurul Islam
Boundary of Psychology Subfields
11:30-13:00 (Seminar Hall, Senate Bhaban)
Chair: Prof. Dr. Anwarul Hasan Sufi
Discussant: Prof. Dr. Kazi Saifuddin
Clinical Psychology: Dr. Kamruzzaman Mozumder and Associates
Educational Psychology: Dr. Mahjabeen Haque and Associates
Counseling Psychology: Prof. Dr. Shaheen Islam and Associates
Industrial-Organizational Psychology: Prof. Dr. Ashoke Kumar Saha and Associates
School Psychology: Prof. Dr. M. Kamal Uddin and Associates
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November 16-17, 2018, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Lunch Break (13:00-14:00)
Parallel Sessions III
Seminar Hall, Senate Bhaban
14
:00
-15:0
0
Rajonigandha, Alumni Floor
Chair: Prof. Dr. Ashoke Kumar Saha
Discussant: Dr. Muhammad Akram Uzzaman
Chair: Prof. Dr. Enamul Haque
Discussant: Dr. Anjuman Shirin
21. Reducing Self Harm Behavior among
Adolescent Girls of BNWLA Shelter Home
Sadia Sharmin Urmi
26. Psychosocial Model of Mass Violence and
Genocide: Causes, Prevention, and
Intervention
Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
22. Attitude, Anxiety, and Academic Achievement
on Statistics
Tahmina Parveen, Lisa Paul, Oli Ahmed, and
Rumana Aktar
27. Parental Rejection and Anxiety of Children
Anjuman Shirin and NazmaPervin
23. Bicultural Attitudes and Psychological
Adjustment of Ethnic-Minority Adults in BD
Muhammad Kamal Uddin, Abdul Khaleque,
RumanaAktar, Kishor Roy, and Md. Nur-E-Alam
Siddique
28. A Study of Parental Acceptance - Rejection
and Aggression towards Parents
Mahadi - Ul - Morshed, Md. Nore Nobi Nirobe,
and Hamida Naz
24. Structure, Discourses, Parenting, and the
Body: A Meta Theoretical Perspective in the
Context of Bangladesh
S. Aminul Islam
29. Parental Attachment on Adolescents’
Internet Addiction
Mushfika Shayela and Md. Nurul Islam
25. Conceptual self and construction of war
veterans’ autobiographical memory
Shamsul Haque
30. Impact of Psychosocial Counseling on Mental
Health of Pregnant Women
Md. Shaheen Mollah and Dristy Moni Howlader
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November 16-17, 2018, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Parallel Sessions IV
Rajonigandha, Alumni Floor
15
:00
-16:0
0
Seminar Hall, Senate Bhaban
Chair: Prof. Dr. Mehtab Khanam
Discussant: Prof. Dr. Muurshida F. B. Habib
Chair: Prof. Dr. Shaheen Islam
Discussant: Dr. Kamruzzaman Mozumder
31. Adaptation of the Scale for the Assessment of
Positive Symptoms and Scale for the
Assessment of Negative Symptoms of
Schizophrenia in BD
Liza Akter, Farzana Akter Srabony, Farah
Deebaand Sanjit Roy
36. Academic Self-efficacy, Self-regulated
Learning Strategies and Academic
Achievement of Higher Secondary Students
in Bangladesh
Anando Ghosh, Oli Ahmed, and Lailun Nahar
32. An Evaluation of the Quality of Multiple
Choice Questions on Secondary School
Certificate Examination in Bangladesh
Muhammad Kamal Uddin, TasnuvaTazrin
Mullick, and Nasrin Nahar
37. Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Bank
Officers in Relation to Job Attitudes
Sanjida Afrin and Noor Muhammad
33. Adaptation of the Bergen Facebook Addiction
Scale
Oli Ahmed and Mohammad Alamgir Hossain
38. Factors Influencing Consumers Buying
Motive
Arobindu Dash and Mollika Roy
34. Adaptation of Quality of Life in Autism
Questionnaire-(Self Report Version) for Use in
Bangladesh
Ata-A-Rabby and S.M. Abul Kalam Azad
39. A Comparative Study on Adaptive Behavior
of Neuro developmental Disordered Children
and Normal Children
Lutfun Naher
35. Psychometric Properties of the Revised Bangla
Anxiety Scale for Bangladeshi Population
Depon Chandra Sarker and Farah Deeba
40. Inter-parental Conflict, Self-Concept,
Anxiety and Anger among Adolescents
Nushrat Armin and Muhammad Kamal Uddin
Vote of Thanks
by
Professor Dr. Muhammad Kamal Uddin
Seminar Hall, Senate Bhaban (16:00-16:15)
Tea Break (16:15-16:50)
Program Ends (17:00)
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November 16-17, 2018, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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1. Validation of the Future Aspiration Scale in Bangladeshi Culture
Muhammad Akram Uzzaman1 and A. K. M. Rezaul Karim2
1Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Jagannath University 2Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka
Very few validation studies have been done after the development of the FAS by Center for
Urban Affairs and Policy Research (1995). So, considering this view of point, the purpose of the
present study was to translate the instrument into Bangla and validate in Bangladeshi culture. A
total of 1000 participants (491 males & 509 females) were participated in the study. Exploratory
Factor Analysis (EFA) which was done on sample 1 (n = 500) identified a one-factor of the FAS
with 6 items. The one factor named ‘Future Aspiration’. When analyzed the data for sample 2 (n
= 500) in Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), it revealed that the one-factor model with 6 items
is a good fit [χ 2 (7) = 24.558, RMSEA = .07; RMR = .02; CFI = .98, GFI = .98] model to the
data. Moreover, the FAS showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .77), strong
convergent, and discriminant validity. Thus, the Bangla version FAS appears to be valid and
reliable and therefore may be used in further research on future aspiration in the country.
Keywords: future aspiration, scale, factor analysis, exploratory, confirmatory
2. Exploring Predictors of First Year Academic Achievement: The Case of Dhaka University
Sumaia Ali Raisa and Muhammad Kamal Uddin
Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka
With the unusual competition for the admission to university in recent years, it has been
imperative to explore factors of academic achievement. The present study tested whether GPAs
in Secondary and Higher Secondary Examinations, admission test score, academic stress,
everyday memory, and self-efficacy can predict academic achievement of first year
undergraduates. Two hundred seventy nine undergraduate students of second year from eighteen
departments of the University of Dhaka who were selected by stratified random sampling
technique responded to a questionnaire package comprised of Bangla translated versions of the
Academic Stress Inventory, General Self-efficacy Scale and Cognitive Failure Questionnaire.
Additionally, a Personal Information Form eliciting GPAs in Secondary and Higher Secondary
Examinations, score on admission test and other personal demographics. Data were fed into
SPSS 20 version and analyzed by computing mean, standard deviation, t-value, one way
ANOVA, coefficient of correlation and stepwise regression. Stepwise regression for three
different units showed that merit score was the best predictor for unit A followed by GPA of
higher secondary examination, for unit C reverse is true. For unit B, GPA of higher secondary
examination was the best predictor whereas merit score was negative predictor. The findings
have implications for educators, policy makers, parents, and teachers.
Keywords: GPAs, admission test score, academic stress, self-efficacy, everyday memory
3. Executive Functions of People with Drug Addiction
Marzia Al-Hakeem and Kamal Uddin Ahmed Chowdhury
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Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka
This study aimed to see the impairments of executive functions in people with drug dependence.
Through neuro-imaging studies, it has been revealed that drug abuse produces structural and
functional changes in important brain regions which are responsible for cognitive functions.
People with drug dependency continues taking drugs despite knowing and experiencing all the
harmful consequences because their brain, especially the area which controls the executive
functions is already affected by long term abuse and they cannot make decisions or judgments or
sustain abstinence. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling method and the sample
size was 120, among them 60 were in drug user group and 60 were healthy control.
Neuropsychological assessment tools were used FAB and RCFT, for assessing the executive
functioning of the participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 20.
Independent-Samples t-test was carried out and the result has shown that the control group
performed better in all tests. In FAB, there was found significant difference of performance
between the drug users and control group, t (90.9) = 9.89, p = .00, α = .01. Both in copy and
immediate recall phase of RCFT, there were significant differences of performance between the
drug users and control group, t (70.9) = 8.11, p = .00, α = .01 and t (118) = 11.9, p = .00, α = .01,
respectively. Results indicate that the executive functions of drug dependent people are
significantly impaired. Therefore, this issue should be taken in consideration for creating
individualized treatment programs and can also assist in taking preventive measures.
Keywords: executive functions, drug dependence, neuropsychological assessment tools
4. Early Childhood Under nutrition and Neurodevelopment of Disadvantaged Children
Abu Yusuf Mahmud1, Muhammad Kamal Uddin2, and Fahmida Tofail3
1PhD student, Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka 2Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka
3Senior Consultant and Scientist, ICDDRB, Bangladesh
Children living in socio-economically disadvantaged society face deprivation of adequate
nutrition. The present cross-sectional study examined whether early childhood under nutrition
has any contribution to the neurodevelopment of disadvantaged children. A total of 105 mother-
child dyads residing in Lalmatia, Mirpur slum areas in the Dhaka City were included.
Anthropometric information was obtained by measuring weight and height of both the children
and mothers, and head circumference and MUAC of mothers. To compute the nutritional status,
anthropometric measurements were converted to BMI, WHZ, HAZ, and WAZ following WHO
guidelines. Children’s neurodevelopment was assessed by the revised version of Bayley Scales
of Infant Development-III. A significant association of children’s WHZ (wasting) and WAZ
scores (underweight) with their language development was observed (r = .207*, r = .268**
respectively), but, surprisingly, no remarkable relation with HAZ. The data did not yield any
significant connection between the z-scores of nutritional status (WHZ, HAZ, & WAZ) and the
rest of the neuro-developmental domains (cognition & motor). Further, the result showed no
significant correlation between mothers’ BMI and all of the neuro-cognitive domains of the
children. The findings indicate that early childhood under nutrition has an impact upon the
language development of disadvantaged children but not on the cognitive and motor outcomes of
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November 16-17, 2018, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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neurodevelopment.
Keywords: under nutrition, neuro-cognitive development, disadvantaged children
5. Fieldwork Practices across Cultures: A Reflection from Bangladesh
Umme Habiba Jasmine and Dr. Mzikazi Nduna
University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
Due to the absence of research on contextual qualitative methodology and due to the dearth of
exploratory research in Bangladesh on parenting practice and on intergenerational transmission
of parenting practices there is a lack of information on culture sensitive methodology in studying
this topic. So far in Bangladesh five qualitative studies on fatherhood, motherhood, and some
elements of parenting practices, and several quantitative outcome studies on stimulus and child
development have been conducted. This paper shares some sampling experiences from the
research field. Twenty-two, one-to-one, semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted
with two groups of participants: 1) Biological mothers, and 2) Maternal grandmothers of school
going children. The participants were recruited through purposive sampling through a
representative of a cooperative society in Mirpur area. This article reports some challenges
resulting in not recruiting participants from other two areas of the city where existing sampling
design did not work. Some sample had to be discarded because of the unavailability of the other
participant of the dyads or unsuitability for in-depth interview. This article suggests culturally as
well as locality sensitive recruitment strategy and research design because sampling strategies
vary among the urban areas and according to the degree of urbanization. Another finding is that
the sense of confidentiality varies in this culture. Besides, because of some cultural practices,
standard research ethics such as gifting participants and being entertained by participants might
need to be compromised. So, the targeted community characteristics need to be explored for a
successful study design.
Keywords: parenting practices, intergenerational, sampling, culture-sensitive
6. Role of Non-cognitive Factors in Academic Achievement of Undergraduates
Mst. Jakia Rahman, Muhammad Kamal Uddin, and Nasrin Nahar
Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka
This study explored the role of non-cognitive factors (i.e., peer group influence, academic self-
efficacy, achievement motivation, perception of the school psychological environment, and
academic engagement) on the academic achievement of undergraduates. The sample consisted of
245 young adults (145 males & 100 females) from Dhaka, Bangladesh ranging in age from 18
through 25 years. Bangla translated measures included the Personal Information Form (PIF),
peer group influence scale, academic self-efficacy scale, revised achievement motivation scale,
perception of the school psychological environment scale, academic engagement scale and
students’ academic achievement (CGPA). Results showed that key variables were significantly
correlated with one another. Descriptive statistics revealed that there is a significant gender
difference in academic achievement, perception of school psychological environment and
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academic engagement. Females were found to be higher achieving, academically more engaged
and to have a better perception of school environment. This gender difference was also reflected
in the extent in which the factors predicted students’ academic achievement. Academic
engagement has been found to be an important predictor of academic achievement for both males
and females.
Keywords: academic achievement, peer group influence, academic self-efficacy, achievement
motivation, perception of school psychological environment
7. Viability of EMDR Practice in Bangladesh: A Push Forward
Shamim F. Karim and Shaheen Islam
Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, University of Dhaka
As a first line treatment of trauma, EMDR gained wide acceptance and recognition among world
endorsement bodies. Developmental challenges of Bangladesh starting from pressing poverty,
domestic and political violence to recurring natural disasters, liberation war in fact left none to
get away from trauma. Impact of trauma is often invisible having far reaching life consequences.
Unrecognized, untreated trauma have massive bearing on social and economic development.
Though EMDR was introduced in Bangladesh 20 years back by UNICEF, only a few continued
to practice EMDR. Later with the good office of HAP/Trauma Aid Switzerland EMDR was
revitalized and a MOU signed with Dhaka University. Intense, culturally appropriate curriculum
on psychotraumatology and continuous supervision were the integral part of the EMDR training
program. The viability of EMDR as trauma recovery tool for mental health professionals was
assessed through survey and case documentation. The paper will focus on the benefit and
shortcomings of EMDR practice with way forward.
Keywords: trauma, therapy, EMDR
8. Delays and Dropouts in Postgraduate Degrees in Dhaka University: A Possible Clinical
Psychological Intervention
Farah Deeba, Jobeda Khatun, Shobnom Tehzeeb, and Syeda Sara Nasir
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka
This is the twenty first century’s demand to generate erudite and skilled nations in this highly
communicative world. A highly educated community can only show the way of prosperity and
development to a nation. The delayed nature of accomplishment of higher degrees is shown to be
a primary hindrance to individuals’ well being and institutional enrichment for so long in our
country though. The current study seeks to find the apposite reasons behind delays in achieving
degrees and drop out matters. The study covers the population of Dhaka University. In the first
phase of the study, archival data have been collected of almost 425 students in total. 360 of them
are M.Phil. students and 65 of them are PhD students of two sessions. The archival source shows
that in every session almost 550 and 150 people are enlisted for M.Phil. and PhD programmes
respectively. The data show that 30% of the M.Phil. students and 6.15% of PhD students extend
their time at least for once. In the second phase of the study, approximately 15 students are taken
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from M.Phil. and PhD. Programmes. Self-report measure is administered on them which contains
a number of items related to both internal and external motivational factors and a combined scale
of depression, anxiety and stress named DASS-21. Most of the data show that the participants
are seen to be demotivated to study smoothly by their extensive family responsibilities and
financial issues. Many of them show the tendency of procrastination too. Most of them are seen
to seek support which can speed up their research work. So, to seek the pointed causes behind
this exacerbating condition of the higher degree program regulation might be the focus of great
attention which may further aid the intervention programmes if taken to minimize the
incongruences.
Keywords: drop-outs, delays, reasons, anxiety, stress, depression
9. Effect of Gender, Education and Socio-economic Status on Optimism
Fayaza Ahmed1, Abu Yusuf Mahmud2, and Mehtab Khanam3
1Multidisciplinary Training Centre, Shishu Bikash Kendra, Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh 2PhD student, Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka
3Professor, Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, University of Dhaka
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of gender, place of residence
and socio-economic status on optimism. For this study, 200 participants were taken from
different educational levels (S.S.C to graduate & post graduate) and different socio-economic
status (upper, middle & lower). Both male and female subjects were taken to complete the study.
Three-way ANOVA was conducted to find relationships which revealed that there are significant
relationship between 1) optimism and education, and 2) optimism and socio-economic status but
no significant relation was found between optimism and gender.
Keywords: optimism, gender, education, socio-economic status
10. Effectiveness of Ancient Japanese Healing Technique (Acupressure) for Stress Relief
Rahnuma-E-Jannat and Zinnatul Borak
Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Ancient Japanese Healing
Technique (acupressure) for the people who are suffering from different stressful situations, i.e.,
depression, anxiety, lower self-esteem in perspective of Bangladesh. It was hypothesized that
Ancient Japanese Healing Technique (acupressure) application will be effective in relieving
stress. Fifteen female school teacher of primary level took part in this experiment. Under
experimental condition, participants were taught about this acupressure technique. These
participants employed this technique two times daily for fifteen days. There were two follow-up
sessions in this fifteen days’ intervention period to ensure the procedure followed in right way. A
pretest-posttest experimental design was used. The findings were, there was significant decree in
anxiety and depression level and significant elevation in self-esteem level. For anxiety score t (6)
= 2.74, p = .03; depression score, t (6) = 4.58, p = .04; and self-esteem score, t (6) = -2.52 and p =
.04. Thus the result support current hypothesis as well as the literature regarding acupressure
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technique.
Keywords: acupressure, stress relief, pretest-posttest design, t-test
11. Depression, Anxiety, and Everyday Memory among Female Diploma Nursing Students
Muhammad Kamal Uddin1, Anika Shama2, and Rizvi Khatun 3, Mala Reberio 4
1Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh 2Fellow, Teach for Bangladesh, Tejgaon I/A, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
3Trainee Child Psychologist, BPF (Bangladesh Protibondhi Foundation), Dhaka, Bangladesh 4 Nursing Instructor, Nursing Institute, Munshiganj, Bangladesh
Nursing students are susceptible to higher risks of depression and anxiety. We tested the
prediction that depression and anxiety might negatively affect their everyday memory. Two
hundred and eighty eight diploma students were selected purposively from two public nursing
institutes of Dhaka division in the present study. Their ages were from 18 to 24 years, with a
mean age of 19.8 years. Data were collected using a questionnaire package comprised of Bangla
translated versions of the Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Cognitive
Failure Questionnaire, along with a Personal Information Form. Correlation analysis showed
significant association among key variables namely depression, anxiety, and everyday memory.
Regression analysis revealed that depression and anxiety made significant independent
contribution to the variance in everyday memory and they have jointly accounted for 32.7%
variance. The findings have implications for health professionals, educators, and policy makers.
Keywords: depression, anxiety, everyday memory, nursing student, diploma
12. Relationship between Abusive Supervision and Authentic Leadership of Employees in
Bangladesh
Syeda Sara Nasir
Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka
The present study was aimed to see the relationship between abusive supervision and authentic
leadership of employees in Bangladesh. 150 employees, ranging in age from 25 to 50 years, were
selected purposively from different job sectors in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The Bangla version of the
Abusive Supervision Scale (Nasir & Rana, 2017) and the Authentic Leadership Self-Assessment
Scale (Nasir & Rana, 2017) were used along with a Personal Information Form (PIF). Data were
analyzed by correlations and simple regressions. As predicted, abusive supervision was
significantly negatively correlated with authentic leadership (r = -.189, p < .01). Simple
regression analysis indicated that 3.6% of the variance in authentic leadership could be explained
by abusive supervision. Implications of the present study have been discussed in the light of
relevant studies.
Keywords: abusive supervision, authentic leadership
13. Loneliness and Facebook Addiction
Mohammad Alamgir Hossain, Oli Ahmed, and Lutfun Nahar
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Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong
The most popular social networking site in Bangladesh is Facebook. Facebook users’
dependency on it, a type of behavior addiction, gets much attention by researchers in recent
years. The present study was aimed to explore the relationship among loneliness, number of
Facebook friends, and Facebook addiction among university students. This study was conducted
on a sample of 234 students, aged from19-24 years (M=20.24, SD = 1.85) from the University of
Chittagong, Bangladesh. The Bangla (Ahmed & Hossain, 2018) UCLA Loneliness Scale-version
3 (Russell, 1996) and the Bangla (Ahmed & Hossain, 2018) Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale
(BFAS: Andreassen, Torsheim, Brunborg, & Pallesen, 2012) were administered to the
respondents. In addition, respondents were asked to report the number of friends on Facebook.
The findings showed significant differences in the number of Facebook friends in terms of
gender (U=3006, Z=-7.186, p<.01, effect size = -.47) and residence (U = 4617, Z = -1.967,
p<.05, effect size = -.13). Findings suggested significant differences in loneliness (U = 1790, Z =
-2.755, p<.01, effect size = -.22) and facebook addiction (U = 7024.5, Z = -2.311, p<.05, effect
size = -.17) among respondents from Arts and Social Sciences faculty. Facebook addiction was
significantly correlated with loneliness (r=.338, p<.01) and the number of Facebook friends
(r=.176, p<.05). The findings of the present study would be helpful to identify possible reasons
of the Facebook Addiction.
Keywords: loneliness, facebook friends, facebook addiction
14. Relationships among Internet Addiction, Personality Traits, and Academic Achievement of
University Students
Mohammad Alamgir Hossain and Umme Jannatul Ferdous
Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong
Recently the internet has become a pro-social, interactive and information driving medium. It has
influenced everyone’s life, especially adolescents and young adults. But excessive internet use
may detrimentally affect their personality and academic performance. Therefore, the main
purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among young adult’s personality traits,
internet addiction, and academic achievement. The sample comprised of 194 students who were
selected from five faculties located in the University of Chittagong, Bangladesh. Another goal of
this study was to determine the mean differences in internet addiction, personality traits, and
academic achievement in terms of gender, residence, year of study, and the faculty. The research
tools included Adapted Bangla version (Karim & Nigar, 2013) of Internet Addiction Test (IAT:
Young, 1996) and Translated Bangla version (Hossain & Ahmed, 2018) of the Eysenck
personality questionnaire revised short form (EPQR-S:Eysenck, Eysenck, & Barrett, 1985). The
results of correlation indicated that internet addiction was significantly positively correlated with
extraversion (r=.18, p<.01) and neuroticism (r=.22, p<.01), but was negatively correlated with
psychoticism (r=-.18, p<.01) and student’s academic achievement (r=-.16, p<.05). Significant
mean differences were existed between male and female in respect to internet addiction,
personality traits, and academic achievement. Moreover, study years had a significant effect on
internet addiction and personality traits of students.
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Keywords: internet addiction, personality traits, academic achievement
15. Parental Rejection, Depression, and Internet Addiction among Young Adults
Momtaz Sultana and Muhammad Kamal Uddin
Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka
The present study tested whether the relation between parental rejection and internet addiction is
mediated through depression. Two hundred and thirty university students (50% female, 50%
male), ranging in age from 18 to 25 years, responded to the Adult versions of the Parental
Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire short form for fathers (PARQ-F) and for mothers (PARQ-
M), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II), the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), along with a
Personal Information Form. Results of independent sample t-test indicated that there was no
significant gender difference in most of the major variables (except paternal rejection); i.e.,
maternal rejection, depression and internet addiction. Bivariate correlations among all major
variables were significant. Multiple regression analysis revealed that mother and father rejection
jointly explained about 26% variance in depression and 21% variance in internet addiction of
both female and male. Mediation analysis showed that depression partially mediated the relation
between parental rejection and internet addiction (β = .122, p< .05 for maternal rejection; β =
.119, p< .05 for paternal rejection).
Keywords: parental rejection, depression, internet addiction, young adults
16. Parental Acceptance-Rejection (PAR) in Relation to Adolescent’s Fantasy and Aggression
towards Their Parents
Hamida Naz and Mahadi-Ul-Morshed
Gono Unnayan Sangstha (GUS), Dhaka, Bangladesh
The objectives of the present study were: (a) to see whether there is any relation between PAR
and adolescent’s fantasy behavior and (b) to see whether there is any relation between PAR and
adolescent’s aggressive behavior towards their parents. For this purpose, a sample of 960
students was selected randomly from various institutions of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Three
questionnaires were administered to the respondents: a. Adult PARQ: Father & Mother Version,
b. Aggression towards Parents, and c. Fantasy. The significant positive correlations were
estimated among aggression towards parents, fantasy, and subscales of PARQ (Father’s
warmth\affection, neglect\indifference, rejection\indifference, control, total and Mother’s
warmth\affection, control, and total). In terms of PARQ-F subscales, a significant difference was
existed between males and females. The findings of the study imply that there is an effect of
parent-child interaction on adolescent’s behavior and this study can be helpful for those who
wish to improve parent-adolescent relationship in order to maximize adolescent’s well-being.
Keywords: parental acceptance-rejection, aggression towards parents, fantasy
17. Personality Traits, Social Networking Sites Use and Addiction, and Mental Health
Tasnim Sultana, Lisa Paul, and Oli Ahmed
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Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong
In present days, Social Networking Sites (SNS) use and addiction get great concerns. The present
study was aimed to explore the influence of personality traits (extroversion, agreeableness,
conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness) and SNS usage and addiction on the mental health
of university students. The Big Five Personality Inventory-10 (Rammstedt & John, 2007), the
Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (Andreassen et al., 2016), and the Mental Health Inventory
-18 (Veit & Ware, 1983) were administered to a sample of 332 students, aged 18 to 25 years
(M=21.05, SD = 1.88), from the University of Chittagong, Bangladesh. The sample was selected
through a non-probability sampling technique. Mental health was significantly explained (30%
variance) by the personality traits and SNS use and addiction. The path analysis revealed that
conscientiousness (β = -.17, p < .01), neuroticism (β = -.22, p < .001), and SNS addiction (β = -
.29, p < .001) were the significant predictors of the mental health. The path analysis also revealed
that agreeableness (β = -.14, p < .01), conscientiousness (β = -.22, p < .001), and SNSs use (β =
.33, p < .001) were the significant predictors of SNS addiction. The findings of this study would
be helpful to design the intervening program to reduce the negative influence of SNS use and
addiction in our society.
Keywords: personality traits, social networking sites use and addiction, mental health
18. Mental Health and Psychosocial Earthquake Preparedness for the City Of Dhaka
Mukta Jahan Banu and Joel Montanez
Action Against Hunger, Dhaka, Bangladesh
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has identified Bangladesh as one of the most
vulnerable countries on the planet. The 16 million people living in Dhaka city are physically and
mentally vulnerable to earthquakes because of unplanned urbanization and lack of preparedness.
There are known impacts on social and mental health during and after disasters (e.g., trauma,
loss, illness, etc.). Disaster management must target social and mental health, as embodied in the
Inter Agency Standing Committee guideline in emergency settings. Action Contre la Faim
(ACF) is taking steps on MHPSS activities for disaster preparedness under the “Dhaka
Earthquake and Emergency Preparedness” (DEEP) project to strengthen local capacity for
emergency preparedness. ACF currently coordinates and reinforces capacities on mental health
and psychosocial support at both institutional and field levels. The MHPSS activities of the
DEEP project are based on: (1) training regarding MHPSS and PFA for primary care doctors,
FSCD inspectors, school teachers, and BDRCS volunteers; (2) advocacy and awareness through
ICT materials; (3) coordination of MHPSS interventions with project stakeholders, humanitarian
organizations, ward disaster management committee, and government; and (4) preparing a
database of trained professionals on MHPSS and PFA. Reports indicate that people having
received training on MHPSS and PFA feel to have better knowledge and to be better prepared.
Moreover, 200 professionals on MHPSS and PFA have developed a Bangla manual for field
level BDRCS volunteers. The DEEP preparedness program will likely help city dwellers to
better cope with issues involving disasters.
Keywords: mental health, psychosocial support, preparedness, earthquake
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19. Anxiety and Depression Predicting Facebook Addiction among Young Adults in Dhaka City
Shakila Parvin Bristy, Farjana Begum, and Muhammad Kamal Uddin
Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka
The present study tested the prediction that anxiety and depression can predict Facebook
addiction very well. A questionnaire package comprised of Bangla translated versions of the
Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale,
along with a Personal Information Form was administered to 200 undergraduate and
postgraduate students of 2 Universities. Among the respondents, 99 were male and 101 were
female with a mean age of 21.73 years (SD = 1.73). The reliability analysis revealed high
internal consistency of all 3 measuring instruments (Cronbach alpha was 0.90, 0.86 and 0.93
respectively, for anxiety, depression, and Facebook addiction). Independent sample t tests
revealed no significant gender differences in major variables. So, subsequent analyses were
carried out on the entire sample. Correlation analysis showed a significant association of anxiety
and depression with facebook addiction (r = 0.41 and 0.46, respectively); the higher the anxiety
and depression, the higher is the Facebook addiction. Multiple regression analysis revealed that
anxiety and depression had jointly accounted for 23.4% variance in Facebook addiction among
young adults in Dhaka city. The findings have implications for parents and guardians, teachers,
mental health professionals, educators, and policy makers.
Keywords: facebook addiction, anxiety, depression
20. Factors Mediates the Relationship between Women’s Attitude towards Employment and
Marital Adjustment
Salma Akther and Md. Nurul Islam
Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong
The present study was designed to know the mediating effect of the female’s role perception
(FRP) and perceived role conflict (PRC) in the relationship between their attitude towards
employment (ATFE) and marital adjustment (MA). 300 women (150 working and 150 non-
working) were selected purposively from different areas of Chittagong city, Bangladesh. Four
measuring instruments were used in this study, namely (i) Attitude towards Female Employment
Scale (Ilyas, 1992), (ii) Female Role Perception Scale (Ilyas and Zaman, 1988), (iii) Perceived
Role Conflict Scale (Begum and Tasneem, 1984), and (iv) Bangla version (Ilyas, 2001) of the
Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) originally developed by Spanier (1976). Both working and non-
working women’s attitude towards their employment was positively correlated with their marital
adjustment. FRP, PRC, and ATFE significantly explained 37.4% of variances of working
women’s MA (R2=.374, F (3,146) =82.57, p<.001); whereas ATFE and FRP significantly
explained 20.6% of variances of non-working women’s MA (R2=.206, F (2,147) =19.09,
p<.001). FRP and the PRC had the mediational effect in the relationship between working
women’s ATFE and MA, but no mediational effect was found for this relationship in regards to
non-working women. The study has described women’s marital adjustment and their attitude
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towards employment in terms of their role perception and perceived role conflict, calls on the
policy makers, counselors, or psychologists to formulate any adjustive policy demands needed
for them.
Keywords: attitude towards female employment, female role perception, perceived role conflict,
marital adjustment
21. Reducing Self Harm Behavior among Adolescent Girls of BNWLA Shelter Home
Sadia Sharmin Urmi
Bangladesh National Women Lawyers Association (BNWLA), Dhaka
The present study was conducted to find out the effectiveness of psychotherapy to reduce self
harm behavior of adolescent girls living in shelter home. 30 adolescent girls who had self harm
behavior were selected purposively to conduct the study. They were staying at Bangladesh
National Women Lawyers Association (BNWLA) shelter home, and the BNWLA provided
psychological services to them. To reduce self harm behavior among the girls, psychotherapy
techniques were applied. Besides, Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to find out the
psychological problems of 12 to 17 year-old girls, and the Self Rating Scale (0-100) was used to
measure their mood level. Pre and post-test design was used in the study. A significant positive
correlation was found between CBCL and SRS scores. After providing psychotherapy
techniques, significant changes were found in Self Rating scores. The findings of the present
study were interpreted in the light of existing literature and further research in this area with
large sample was recommended. It was found that the outcome of the psychological treatments
(CBT techniques, art therapy, music therapy, dance therapy, and mindfulness) was satisfactory
and reduced the girls’ self harm behavior.
Keywords: self harm, adolescent, psychotherapy
22. Attitude, Anxiety, and Academic Achievement on Statistics
Tahmina Parveen, Lisa Paul, Oli Ahmed, and Rumana Aktar
Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong
Nowadays, statistics is very important, especially for students in conducting scientific research
and advancing knowledge and technology. The present study was aimed to ascertain attitude and
anxiety toward statistics among undergraduates and to see its impact on their academic
achievement. The Attitude toward Statistics (ATS: Wise, 1985) and the Statistical Anxiety Scale
(SAS: Vigil-Colet et al., 2008) were administered to a sample of 238 undergraduate students (age
M = 21.53 years, SD= 1.11), who were selected purposively from the University of Chittagong,
Bangladesh. Both of the scales were adapted into Bangla following the rules and guidelines of
the International Test Commission (ITC). Item analysis showed that the ATS (α = .91 [.892,
.925], split half reliability = .93, inter-factor correlations ranged from .57 to .92) and the SAS (α
= .88 [.85, .90], split half reliability = .84, inter-factor correlations ranged from .38 to .84) were
psychometrically sound to apply in Bangladesh context. Significant correlations were estimated
among student’s attitude, anxiety, and academic performance in statistics. Attitudes towards field
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and course and anxieties related to help seeking, examination, and interpretation explained
14.6% variance of the academic achievement. Attitude towards field (ß=.-187, p<.01), attitude
towards course (ß= .347, p<.01), and anxiety related to examination (ß= -.206, p<.01) were the
strongest predictors of academic achievement. The findings of this study would be helpful for the
teachers and curriculum developers to make favorable attitude toward statistics and reduce
anxiety for keeping peace with the demand of the modern world.
Keywords: attitude, anxiety, academic achievement, statistics
23. Bicultural Attitudes and Psychological Adjustment of Ethnic-Minority Adults in Bangladesh
Muhammad Kamal Uddin1, Abdul Khaleque2, Rumana Aktar3, Kishor Roy4, and Md. Nur-E-Alam Siddique5
1Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka 2Formar Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka
3Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong 4Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Jagannath University, Dhaka
5Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Rajshahi University
The present study explored relationships between bicultural attitudes and psychological
adjustment of ethnic-minority adults in Bangladesh. Four hundred twelve young adults (mean
age 22 years) consisting of 40% female and 60% male from 18 tribal subgroups in Bangladesh
responded to Bicultural Attitude Scale (BAS), Personality Assessment Questionnaire (PAQ), and
a Personal Information Form. Results showed that 57% of the respondents are biculturally
oriented, 42% are uniculturally oriented (39% of them are oriented toward their heritage culture
and only 3% toward their national culture), and less than 1% are culturally alienated or
marginalized. In addition, the results showed that the mean score of ratings of importance is
significantly higher for the heritage culture than for the national culture. Results also showed that
there is a significant positive correlation between attitude toward heritage culture and
psychological adjustment of the respondents. The findings further showed that the heritage (not
the host or the national) culture has significant unique effects on the psychological adjustment of
both male and female minority ethnic adults in Bangladesh. The findings have implications for
political leaders, policy makers, and other significant people.
Keywords: bicultural attitudes, heritage culture, national culture, ethnicity, psychological
adjustment
24. Structure, Discourses, Parenting, and the Body: A Meta Theoretical Perspective in the
Context of Bangladesh
S. Aminul Islam
Honorary Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Dhaka
Parenting is an emerging field of multi-disciplinary research with weak theoretical foundation
and great potential. Most of the research by psychologists has been conducted in the context of
the Western society. Although both anthropology and psychology have a rich tradition of the
study of socialization in cross-cultural contexts, including parenting, yet studies on parenting in
the non-Western world are few and suffer from under-theorizing. The decline of post-modernism
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has triggered a new interest in the construction of macro theories and what Ritzer calls paradigm-
bridging. This paper is a modest effort to contribute to this goal. In the existing literature,
parenting has been viewed as a static instrument that somehow ensures the compliance of the
child and contributes to child development. It has mainly focused on parenting style and failed to
view it as part of a dynamic process involving both parents and children within changing social
and cultural terrains. Although more recent studies have begun to explore the process of
parenting within a broader perspective, yet it remains embryonic as a paradigm. The key
arguments of this paper are that the existing theories of parenting are Eurocentric and are not
either useful or relevant for fast-changing societies like Bangladesh. Parenting in Bangladesh
reflects multi-layered and fragmented discourses resulting from successive societal forms and
transitional cultural patterns which are being shaped under the process of modernization and
globalization. The pattern of change in parenting is not linear. It is a terrain fractured by the clash
of cultures and different discourses that impinge on the child. Discourses not only reflect cultural
icons, but also power configurations and the development of the psyche and the body is not the
site for the mere transmission of values from one generation to the next; it is also a site for the
exercise of power. In the context of new information technology, the child has access to multiple
sources of information and is being influenced by a multiplicity of ideas that undercuts parental
control. Thus a child should best be viewed as a moving site for both compliance with and
resistance to parental values resulting in different development outcomes, including rejection of
parental values, consumer fetishism, loss of identity, alienation, and a counter movement towards
the sacred.
Keywords: parenting, meta-theoretical perspectives, societal and cultural changes
25. Conceptual Self and Construction of War Veterans’ Autobiographical Memory
Shamsul Haque
Associate Professor of Psychology, Monash University, Malaysia
We review studies on autobiographical memories of veterans who fought several major battles
around the world. Twenty-eight articles, reporting 11 quantitative, 16 qualitative and one mixed-
method studies, were identified through a search conducted in Cochrane Library, PsycINFO,
PsycARTICLE, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PILOTS, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest
Central, and Google Scholar. Data from those articles were synthesized using convergent
qualitative synthesis followed by thematic analysis. Three recurring themes were extracted: (i)
features of veterans’ memory, (ii) self and memory and (iii) culture and memory. Veterans’
memories were aligned with the hegemonic narratives, although many of them were the
depiction of massacres and atrocities (theme 1). Veterans with PTSD and other types of mental
disorders were found to recall less specific and less coherent autobiographical memories.
Veterans’ memories were shaped by their split-identity – soldier vs. veteran identity,
generational identity, political ideology, and self-esteem (theme 2). War outcome, dominant
public narratives, political environment and myths prevailing in the society influenced the
retrieval of war memories (theme 3). Findings lead us to develop a conceptual model which we
call the self-cultural model of war memories.
Keywords: war veteran, autobiographical memory, self, social-political context, post-traumatic
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stress disorder, dominant narratives
26. Psychosocial Model of Mass Violence and Genocide: Causes, Prevention, and Intervention
Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka
Mass violence and genocides are quite common in human history. “Genocide is a form of one
sided mass killing in which a state or other authority intends to destroy a group, and membership
in it is defined by the perpetrator” (Frank Chalk and Kurt Jonassohn, 1990). Why does a state
authority fail to guaranty the survival and human rights of its all citizens, and finds an “out-
group” members of its society as scapegoat animy, and does conduct mass violence upon them,
thus making them a victim of genocide? According to Woolf and Hulsizer (2005), there are
seven psycho-social stages of mass violence and genocide, which would be presented briefly in
this paper with examples of some genocide from human history. The paper will also explore the
root causes of the psychology of human mind that can increase the risk of genocide, and the
psychological mechanism of obedience to authority experiment (Stanley Milgram, 1974), to
explain perpetrator behavior. The paper will end with a concluding remark on how to use our
knowledge in psychology to prevent genocide, and how to restore peace through intervention
after genocide.
Keywords: mass violence, genocide, out-group, psycho-social, obedience to authority,
perpetrator behavior, prevention of genocide, intervention after genocide
27. Parental Rejection and Anxiety of Children
Anjuman Shirin and Nazma Pervin
Department of Psychology, Rajshahi University
The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between parental (paternal and
maternal) rejection and anxiety of children. A total of 100 respondents (50 boys and 50 girls)
were randomly selected from four schools of Rajshahi city, Bangladesh. Measures used were (1)
Child Version (Short Form) of Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire for Father (Child
PARQ: Father) which was originally developed by Rohner (2005) and adapted in Bangla by
Uddin (2011), (2) Child Version (Short Form) of Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire
for Mother (Child PARQ: Mother) which was originally developed by Rohner (2005) and
adapted in Bangla by (2011), and (3) Bangla version (Afrose, 2005) of Revised Children’s
Manifest Anxiety Scale (Richmond, 1978). The obtained data were analyzed using correlation
and regression methods. Results showed that children’s anxiety was positively correlated with
their paternal and maternal rejection. Regression analysis revealed that approximately 21.3 %
and 14% of variance in children’s anxiety could be explained by the paternal and maternal
rejection respectively.
Keywords: parental Rejection, anxiety, children
28. A Study of Parental Acceptance-Rejection and Aggression towards Parents
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Mahadi - Ul - Morshed, Md. Nore Nobi Nirobe, and Hamida Naz
Department of Psychology, Jagannath University
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is any significant relation between
parental acceptance - rejection and aggression towards parents among the adolescents. Total 934
randomly selected individuals from various institution of Dhaka city participated. Significant
positive correlation between aggression towards parents and the subscales of parental
acceptance-rejection (Father warmth /affection, neglect/indifference, undifferentiated rejection,
Mother warmth/affection, Mother control and Mother total) was found. There was no significant
difference between male and female in aggression towards parents.
Keywords: parental acceptance-rejection, aggression towards parents
29. Parental Attachment on Adolescents’ Internet Addiction
Mushfika Shayela and Md. Nurul Islam
Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong
Internet use among Bangladeshi adolescents has increased since 2017. Due to its availability,
adolescents in oftentimes misuse it, and become addicted to it. Researches in this era have found
several contributing factors relating adolescent’ internet addiction. The present study was
conducted to knowone of the most important factors with adolescent’ internet addiction, the
parental attachment. 300 adolescents were selected through purposive sampling, from different
high schools at Chittagong district, Bangladesh. Two original English scales namely the ‘Internet
Addiction Test’ (Young, 1998) and the ‘Inventory of Parental and Peer Attachment (Armsden &
Greenberg, 1987) were adapted in Bangla and were used to measure adolescent’s internet
addiction and parental attachment respectively. Good psychometric properties such as
reliabilities and convergent validity were found for both adapted scales. Factors were extracted
for both adapted scales through factor analysis. A significant negative correlation was found
between parental attachment and different internet addiction intensities. Adolescents’ internet
addiction was influenced by both parental attachments. Overall model shows that adolescents
with higher level of parental attachment were less addicted to internet. Gender, residence, and
mother’s occupation were found to be the most significant demographic predictors of
adolescents’ internet addiction. The study has described parental attachment relevant to internet
addictionof adolescents, calls on the policy makers and psychologists to formulate any adjustive
policy demands needed for them. Implications for future research are discussed.
Keywords: adolescents, internet addiction, parental attachment
30. Impact of Psychosocial Counseling on Mental Health of Pregnant Women
Md. Shaheen Mollah and Dristy Moni Howlader
Department of Psychology, Jagannath University
The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of psychosocial counseling on mental
health of pregnant women. The sample consisted 30 pregnant women who were conveniently
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selected from different maternity ward of hospitals in Dhaka city. Mental health status of
pregnant women was examined before and after the counseling. The t test shows that significant
mean difference of Depression, GHQ-28, Anxiety, and Life Stress in different condition of
psychosocial counseling. Mean difference in depression scores ( t = 10.72, p < .001), GHQ-
Somatoform scores (t = 5.37, p< .001), Social dysfunction scores ( t = 6.51, p< .001 ), GHQ
scores ( t = 6.83, p< .001 ), Anxiety scores ( t = 8.27, p< .001 ) and in Life Stress scores (t =
5.98, p< .001). Positive significant correlation was found before and after counseling stages
among age, duration of marital life, income, depression, life stress, anxiety and different
subscales of general health questionnaire.
Keywords: psychosocial counseling, mental health
31. Adaptation of the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms and Scale for the
Assessment of Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia in Bangladesh
Liza Akter1, Farzana Akter Srabony1, Farah Deeba1 and Sanjit Roy2
1Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka 2Department of Population Science, University of Dhaka
Schizophrenia, the most complicated psychiatric disorder, takes not only a huge toll on the
patients’ life but on their family members as well. Correct identification of the problem is the
first step to design appropriate intervention for the sufferers. In developed countries use of
psychometric tools to assess the symptoms of schizophrenic patients is a regular practice,
whereas there is no such a reliable and valid measure to assist mental health professionals in
Bangladesh. Hence in the current study two widely used measures, SAPS and SANS were
administered on 170 Bangladeshi schizophrenic patients to determine the psychometric
properties of the measures. Exploratory factor analysis, reliability and validity analyses were
carried out on the data. We identified a two-factor model for the SAPS and SANS on the total
nine global items, indicting two specific factors (positive and negative) of the measures. Both
SAPS and SANS showed high internal consistency and all items were significantly correlated
with each other and with the total scores as well. It can be suggested that the measures are useful
for assessing symptoms of schizophrenia with any Bangladeshi adult living in any community,
although further and more extensive research are warranted.
Keywords: schizophrenia, assessment, SAPS, SANS, Bangladesh
32. An Evaluation ofthe Quality of Multiple Choice Questions on Secondary School Certificate
Examination in Bangladesh
Muhammad Kamal Uddin, Tasnuva Tazrin Mullick, and Nasrin Nahar
Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) constitute about 35-40% of total marks in the Secondary
School Certificate (SSC) examination in Bangladesh. The MCQs are prepared by respective
course teachers thougha few of them have formal training. The present study evaluated the
quality of MCQs by computing different indexes mainly item difficulty, item discriminability,
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and distractor’s functionality among others. A total of 987 examinees’ (from 3 streams e.g.,
Humanities, Science, and Business) responses on 5 compulsory subjects namely Bangla 1st
paper, Bangla 2nd paper, Mathematics, Islam&Moral Education (IME), and Physical Education,
Health Science & Sports (PEHSS) were collected for evaluation. The meanitem difficulty(p)
ranges from .55 to .73 (.62, .55, .65, .62 and .73, respectively)indicating moderate to low
difficulty in questions. The item discrimination ( pbsr ) shows that it was fair for Bangla 1st paper
and PHESS (.29 and .27, respectively), good for IME (.32), and excellent for Bangla 2nd paper
and Mathematics (.42 and .44, respectively). From the distractors’ functionality perspective,the
highest percentages of functional distracters were for Bangla 2nd paper and Mathematics (100%)
followed by Bangla 1st paper and IME (97.5% and 97.37%, respectively) and the lowest for
PHESS (94.29%).The findings suggest that more care in terms of offering training for teachers in
constructing MCQs should be taken especially for Bangla 1st paper and PHESS in order to
improve the quality of assessment.
Keywords: MCQ, difficulty, discriminability, distracters’ functionality, reliability
33. Adaptation of the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale
Oli Ahmed and Mohammad Alamgir Hossain
Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong
At the end of May, 2018, internet users were 86.87 million in Bangladesh (BTRC, 2018). Most
of them are using various Social Networking Sites (SNSs), such as Facebook, Twitter etc.
Among Bangladeshi SNSs users, 91.93% are using Facebook (State Counter, 2018). The present
study was designed to adapt the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS) in response to the
scarcity of such an instrument in Bangladesh. The BFAS comprises of 6 items to measure six
core elements of behavioral addiction, i.e., salience, tolerance, mood modification, conflict,
relapse, and withdrawal. The BFAS was forward- and back-translated following the standard
procedures. This translated Bangla version of the BFAS was administered, after pilot testing, on
a sample of 237 respondents selected purposively and conveniently. Item analysis revealed that
all items had sufficient item-total correlation (.492-.665). The Bangla BFAS was found to have
sufficient reliabilities – Chronbach’s Alpha of .813 [.773, .847]), spilt-half reliability coefficient
of .817), and test-retest reliability of .879 [.775, .937]). The exploratory factor analysis
demonstrated a single factor structure of the measure that explained 52.43% of the variance, with
sufficient factor loadings (.663 - .805). The confirmatory factor analysis suggested acceptable
model fits for the obtained factor structure (χ2/df =1.696, CFI=.989, GFI=.984, RMSEA=.054,
and sRMR=.029). These findings suggest that the Bangla BFAS has sufficient reliability and
factorial validity and therefore can be applied to measure Facebook addiction in Bangladeshi
people.
Keywords: Facebook addiction, reliability, validity.
34. Adaptation of Quality of Life in Autism Questionnaire-(Self Report Version) for Use in
Bangladesh
Ata-A-Rabby and S.M. Abul Kalam Azad
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Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka
Quality of Life in Autism Questionnaire (QoLA-self report version) was pervasively used
instrument to assess the quality of life in autism in different dimension. The aim of the present
study was to adapt the Quality of Life in Autism Questionnaire-(self-report version) in the
context of Bangladesh. A total of 30 (11 female & 19 male) participants were selected from
various hospitals and autism school and foundation of Dhaka city. We applied the final Bangla
translated version of QoLA on a purposive sample of 30 clinical participants age ranged between
12 to 42 years. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients (α=.83, p <.01) for the part 1and (α=.71, p <.01)
part 2 were statistically significant. The test-retest reliabilities were r =.48 (p<0.05) for the part
1and r = .48 (p<0.05) for part 2 of the scale. These are the relative important weights of each
dimension. Thus the Bangla version of this present scale of QoLA has the ability to provide a
stable measure to be psychometrically sound and hence suitable for use in Bangladesh. In
conclusion, Bangla version of QoLA was a reliable and valid instrument for assessing quality of
life in autism population in Bangladesh
Keywords: autism, test adaptation, quality of life
35. Psychometric Properties of the Revised Bangla Anxiety Scale for Bangladeshi Population
Depon Chandra Sarker and Farah Deeba
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka
The present study intended to update the widely used Bangla Anxiety Scale as per anxiety
disorders criteria in DSM-5 and to reexamine its psychometric properties with Bangladeshi
population. The original Anxiety Scale, developed by Deeba and Begum (2004), is a 36-item
measure being used by various professionals in the country. We conducted the present study in
three phases. In the first phase, a panel of 10 experts including specialist clinical psychologists
and psychiatrists evaluated the revised items of the measure. The inter-rater reliability of the
scale was found high (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.85). In a second phase, factor analyses were carried
out on the data from a sample of 87 participants who were diagnosed with anxiety disorders by
psychiatrists. We identified through exploratory factor analysis an 11-factor structure of the
measure. In confirmatory factor analysis, a single-factor model was identified but the model
indices were out of range of model fit indices and model was not fit properly. In a third and final
phase, reliability of the scale was examined on a sample of 147 participants (87 clinical and 60
non clinical). Split-half reliability of the scale was 0.94, the coefficient of Cronbach-alpha was
0.93 and the test-retest reliability was .50Criterion-related validity, as examined by correlating
the present Anxiety Scale with Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), was found to be.78.
Thus the Revised Anxiety Scale was found to be reliable and valid to measure anxiety disorders
in Bangladeshi culture.
Keywords: exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability, validity, anxiety,
Bangladesh
36. Academic Self-efficacy, Self-regulated Learning Strategies and Academic Achievement of
Higher Secondary Students in Bangladesh
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Anando Ghosh, Oli Ahmed, and Lailun Nahar
Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong
Recently, a serious concern has risen about the quality of education in Bangladesh. Ensuring the
quality education at all level is one of the prime visions of the present government of
Bangladesh. Academic achievement is one of the key dimensions of the quality of education.The
present was aimed to explore the relationship among academic self-efficacy, self-regulated
learning strategies, and academic achievement. The adopted Bangla version (Ghosh, Nahar, &
Ahmed, 2018) of the Academic Self-efficacy Scale (ASES: Owen & Froman, 1988) and the
Meta-cognitive self-regulated learning strategy subscale of the Bangla (Ahmed, Khanam, &
Asad, 2014) Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaires (MSLQ: Pintrich, Smith, Garcia,
& McKeachie, 1991) were administered on a sample of 230 higher secondary students of
Bangladesh. The study sample was selected through non-probability sampling techniques
(convenience, and purposive sampling). Results showed significant gender differences in self-
regulated learning strategies, and academic achievement. Results also showed significant
correlation among academic self-efficacy, self-regulated learning strategy, and academic
achievement. Regression analysis explored that the academic self-efficacy (β=.286, p<0.001),
and self-regulated learning strategy (β=.486, p<0.001) were strong predictors of academic
achievement and these explained 60% variance of it. The conditional process analysis suggested
this relationship was moderated by gender (moderated mediation).Findings of this study would
be helpful to introduce the program that that might increase students’ self-efficacy, and use of
self-regulated learning strategy to ensure the quality education.
Keywords: academic self-efficacy, self-regulated learning, academic achievement
37. Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Bank Officers in Relation to Job Attitudes
Sanjida Afrin and Noor Muhammad
Department of Psychology, Jagannath University
The present study explored the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)
and job attitudes of the bank officers. A questionnaire package comprising of Organizational
Citizenship Behavior Scale, Job Involvement Scale, Organizational Commitment Scale, Job
Satisfaction Scale, and a Personal Information Form (PIF) were administered on sample of 200
bank officers (100 govt. & 100 non govt.) selected purposively from different banks in Dhaka
city of Bangladesh. The obtained data were analyzed by applying Pearson product moment
correlation and stepwise multiple regression analyses through SPSS version 20. Results indicated
that job attitudes namely job satisfaction (r = .425, p< .01), organizational commitment (r = .497,
p< .01) and job involvement (r = .332, p< .01) were significantly and positively correlated with
OCB.The findings of multiple regression indicated that job satisfaction, organizational
commitment and job involvement can individually and jointly predict OCB where organizational
commitment was the strongest predictor of OCB. R2 change indicated that 24.7% of variance in
OCB was accounted for the organizational commitment. R2 also indicated that the three
dimensions of job attitudes were jointly explained 31.2% of variance in OCB. However, the
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findings of the present study suggested that achieving the organizational goal(s) required more
committed, involved and satisfied executives.
Keywords: organizational citizenship behavior, job attitudes, job satisfaction, job involvement,
organizational commitment
38. Factors Influencing Consumers Buying Motive
Arobindu Dash and Mollika Roy
United International University, Dhaka
Now-a-days marketers give much more attention to understand their target consumers’ motive
more insightfully. The aim of the present study was to explore the factors that influence
consumer buying motive. This research was also tried to solve the theoretical conflict between
‘theories of multiple intelligence’ (rational motive focused abstract reasoning) versus ‘gestalt
principles’ (emotional motive focused abstract reasoning). ‘Abstract Reasoning’ of Differential
Aptitude Test and Consumer Buying Motive Measurement Questionnaire (Roy et. al., 2018)
were used in this study with some demographic variables. A total of 406 consumers were
conveniently used in this study were selected from three divisions of Bangladesh by following
cross-sectional survey research design. We found significant correlations (rpb) among the
variables. The full logistic regression model containing all the three predictors (abstract
reasoning, gender and perceived social status) was statistically significant. We found that a
rational consumer has 12.7 times higher abstract reasoning capacity than an emotional consumer.
A male consumer is about two times more likely to have rational buying motive than a female
consumer. A lower social class consumer is about 2.6 times more likely to have rational motive
than upper social class consumers. In consumers motive based on utilitarian and affective
categories, male consumers’ motive is significantly different from female consumers. These
findings support ‘dual process theory’ based on ‘theories of multiple intelligence’ instead of
‘gestalt principles’. This study opens the door of further research on consumer buying motive.
Keywords: motivation, consumers’ buying motive, dual process theory, abstract reasoning
39. A Comparative Study on Adaptive Behavior of Neuro developmental Disordered Children
and Normal Children
Lutfun Naher
Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong
The aim of the present study was to assess the adaptive behavior of normal children and children
with neuro-developmental disability (ASD and ADHD). A total of 80 respondents constituted the
sample of the study. Among them 40 were normal children and 40 were children diagnosed with
neuro-developmental disorder (20 ASD and 20 ADHD). Normal children aged from 5 to 21
years old were selected by purposive sampling technique from different schools in Chittagong
City and children with neuro-developmental disorder were also the same age range and selected
from six different autistic and special schools in Chittagong City by the same technique. The
measuring instrument used in this study was Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-II, Parent
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Form (Harrison & Oakland, 2003). There were 211 items which were categorized in nine skill
areas namely Communication, Community Use, Functional Academics, Home living, Health and
Safety, Leisure, Self-Care, Self-direction and Social skill. Cross sectional method was used here.
The data were analyzed by using mean, standard deviation, independent sample t-test analysis
and one way ANOVA. The findings showed that there is a significant difference between normal
children and children with neuro-developmental disorder. That means normal children had more
adaptive skill than children with neuro-developmental disorder in terms of above mentioned skill
areas. Results also reveal that particular ASD and ADHD children group had poor adaptive skill
as compared to normal children and they vary statistically. ANOVA table showed that there was
no significant difference in blood groups regarding nine skill areas score of normal children and
children with neuro-developmental disorder in terms of between groups and within groups.
Keywords: adaptive behavior, neuro-developmental disorders (ASD, ADHD)
40. Interparental Conflict, Self-Concept, Anxiety and Anger among Adolescents
Nushrat Armin and Muhammad Kamal Uddin
Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka
Parents have immense influence on the development of a child. The present study was designed
to explore the relation of inter-parental conflict with self-concept, anxiety and anger among
adolescents. A sample of 140 adolescents (age ranged 10-14 years old) was selected purposively
from Comilla City. The Adapted Bangla version (Uddin, 2013) of the Children’s perception of
interparental conflict scale (Grych, Seid, & Finchman, 1990), the adapted Bangla version of
(Uddin, Haque, & Shimul, 2011) the Beck Youth Inventories of Emotional and Social
Impairment (Beck, Beck, & Jolly 2001) were administered on the study sample for collecting
necessary data. The obtained data were analyzed by using Pearson product moment correlation
coefficient and independent sample t-test. Correlation analysis indicated that interparental
conflict had significant positive correlations with anxiety, anger, and significant negative
correlation with self concept among adolescents. Results also revealed that there were significant
gender differences in interparental conflict, self concept, anxiety, and anger among adolescents.
Keywords: inter-parental conflict, self concept, anxiety, anger