CHAPTER 16: The Civil War
Section 5: The Tide of War Turns
VOCABULARY Total war Destroying civilian and economic resources
FREDERICKSBURG AND
CHANCELLORSVILLE General Ambrose E. Burnside took command of the Union Army He lost the Battleof Fredericksburg toLee
Battle of Fredericksburg
FREDERICKSBURG AND
CHANCELLORSVILLE General Joseph Hooker then took command He lost the Battle of Chancellorsville to Lee
Battle of Chancellorsville
Battle of Chancellorsville
Robert E. Lee
and his Horse
“Traveler”
GETTYSBURG Lee marches up North again
Fredericksburg
Chancellorsville
Washington D.C.
Pennsylvania
Virginia
Gettysburg
GETTYSBURG Next General George G. Meade commanded the Union Army
Why Gettysburg?
GETTYSBURG The Battle of Gettysburg was the key turning point of the war Three day battle in July 1863 Bloodiest battle (28,000 casualties)
Gettysburg Day One
Gettysburg Day Two
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Gettysburg Day Two
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Little Round TopLittle Round Top
Gettysburg Day Three
George Pickett
Pickett’s Charge
Pickett’s Charge
Pickett’s Charge
Pickett’s Charge
Gettysburg Day Three
GETTYSBURG Pickett’s Charge fails Union victory Beginning of the downfall of the South
AFTERMATH OF GETTYSBURG
Lincoln visits the battlefield• Gives the Gettysburg Address – speech to honor the soldiers
Lincoln at
Gettysburg
AFTERMATH OF GETTYSBURG
1864 Presidential Election• Lincoln vs. McClellan
AFTERMATH OF GETTYSBURG
Lincoln wins in a landslide vote
SHERMAN’S MARCH Union General William Tecumseh Sherman captures Atlanta, Georgia
Sherman Captures Atlanta
SHERMAN’S MARCH He burned down the city Then marched to the coast
Sherman’s March to the Sea
“I will make Georgia howl.”
SHERMAN’S MARCH Along the way, he practiced total war
“Sherman Necktie”
THE WILDERNESS AND PETERSBURG Grant took charge of all Union troops His WildernessCampaign attackedLee in Virginia
The Wilderness Campaign
THE WILDERNESS AND PETERSBURG • Grant took twice as many casualties but continued attacking
Both sides dug in at Petersburg for a siege
Trenches at
Petersburg
Union Gun at Petersburg
Lee on the Run
APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE
Grant finally surrounds Lee at Appomattox Courthouse • Lee is forced to surrender
Surrender at
Appomattox
“The war is over, the rebels are our
countrymen again.”
“I have done for you all that it was in my power to do. You have
done all your duty. Leave the result to God. Go to your homes and resume your occupations. Obey the laws and become as
good citizens as you were soldiers”
EFFECTS OF THE WAR The Civil War lasted 4
years (1861-1865) 620,000 Americans died Ended slavery