The Relationship between Anxiety and
Speaking Performance in Online and Face-to-
face InterviewsJungtae Kim (Pai Chai University)
Daniel Craig (Sangmyung University)
Overview
IntroductionTheoretical FrameworkMethodologyResultsDiscussion
Introduction Needs of testing
more valid measures of communicative competency
Why videoconferencing? access to interviewers & cost
Videoconferencing improved quality, ubiquity, & social
acceptance.
Theoretical Framework Affective Filter
Reduced AF through CMC Anxiety
Trait (General )Test Anxiety*
StateForeign Language Anxiety (Horwitz,
2001) (Specific) Test Anxiety
* Test anxiety can be seen as trait or state. It is a trait if seen as a general response that invokes state anxiety; however, it is state if you measure anxiety for a particular instance. In our context, we used both.
Research Questions
How does mode affect participants’ anxiety levels?
How do mode and anxiety interact with performance?
Methodology
ParticipantsProcedure & MaterialsTest & Survey Administration
Data Collection & Analysis
Results: Forms, Interviewers, & Raters Test forms were equivalent (α=.83)
Mean (3.23) & SD (.62) Interviewers were equivalent
Interview Correlation coefficient .66 (p=.000<.01)
High, positive correlation between interviewers (α=.84)
Raters were equivalent High rater reliability (α=.83) Rater correlation coefficient .69
(p=.000<.01)
Results: Performance Between Modes
No significant difference on performance between modes. Paired sample t-test t(39)=.64
(p=.53>.05)
Results: Anxiety & Mode Low levels of anxiety on both modes Higher anxiety for face-to-face (f2f)
interviews Significant pre-test anxiety (t(39)=2.48,
p=.02<.05) Higher, but not significant post-test
More comfortable in f2f testing interviews Only significantly different for “how
comfortable did the interviewer make you?” (t(39)=2.66, p=.01<.05)
Results: Anxiety, Mode, & Performance a significant (p=.000) moderate,
positive correlation (.539) between scores on f2f and online interviews.
Anxiety survey after f2f interviews Significant, negative correlations between
pre- & post-test anxiety and performance on both modes.
Anxiety survey after online interviews Significant, low, negative correlation
between post-test anxiety and online interview performance.
Discussion: Mode & AnxietyResults Higher anxiety before f2f interview than
online interview. No significant difference between post-test
anxiety and modeInterpretation Face-to-face interviews are more anxiety
provoking than online interviews The process of interviewing mitigates this
difference.
Discussion: Mode, Anxiety, & Performance
Anxiety is a good indicator of performance when assessed after a f2f interview
Poor overall indicator assessed after an online interview.
Suggests performance in online interviews is less influenced by anxiety than other performance-related factors.
THE END
Thank you very muchAny Questions?
Dan CraigSangmyung [email protected]://www.danielcraig.com
Jungtae KimPai Chai [email protected]