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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center
In-stream Tidal Energy:NW National Marine Renewable Energy Center
University of Washingtonhttp://depts.washington.edu/nnmrec
Jim Thomson Applied Physics Lab and Civil & Environmental Eng.
CEE500 - October 22, 2009
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center001,04-23-09,TID
Approaches to Tidal Energy
Barrage Hydrokinetic
Comparable to hydroelectric
Very high cost andenvironmental footprint
Comparable to wind
Potentially lower cost andenvironmental footprint
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center002,04-23-09,TID
Hydrokinetic DevicesNo dominant design
Hundreds of concepts Dozens of lab tests
Several field tests
No commercial projectsVerdant Power
New York, East River5 m, 33 kW
Clean CurrentRace Rocks, BC3.5 m, ~65 kW
Open HydroEMEC, UK
6 m, ~150 kW
MCTStrangford, UK
14 x2 m, 1200 kW
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center004,04-23-09,TID
Tidal Energy Projects in Puget Sound
Race RocksDemonstration turbine
Marrowstone IslandProposed demonstration array
Admiralty InletProposed pilot project10m diamter,~500 kW rated
~100-200 avg. MWpractically recoverable
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center005,04-23-09,TID
Motivation
I-937 obligations
Limited transmission capacity for new wind
Tidal energy advantages
Predictable resource No CO 2 emissions
No visual impact
Close to load centers
Sun
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center005,04-23-09,TID
Considerations
Existing use (fishing, shipping)
Potential environmental effects(noise production)
Cost (difficult environment)
P o w e r
Cost
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center007,04-23-09,TID
Oregon State University
Headquarters and Director (Bob Paasch) Focus on Wave Energy College of Engineering, Oceanography, Hatfield Marine
Sciences Center
University of Washington Co-Director (Phil Malte) Focus on Tidal Energy Mechanical Engineering, Oceanography, Applied Physics Lab
Partners NREL, Snohomish PUD, BioSonics, Sound & Sea Technology,
EPRI, Verdant Power, PNWER
Northwest National Marine Energy Center
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center007,04-23-09,TID
Northwest National Marine Energy Center
UW Focus areas (tidal):1. Environmental Effects
2. Site Characterizationand Instrumentation
3. Array Optimization
4. Materials (Survivabilityand Reliability)
Faculty: Thomson (APL/CEE) & Polagye (ME)MS students: Chris Bassett, Jeff Epler, Sam Gooch
APL staff: Joe Talbert, Alex deKlerk
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center
Velocity Time SeriesAdmiralty Inlet, April 2009
Power density is cube of velocity, P= v 3
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center
Directionality
Gooch et al, 2009
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center
Boundary Layer Effects
Gooch et al, 2009
Single profile
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center003,04-22-09,TID
Velocity Surveys
Polagye, in progress
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center
Underwater Noise: spectra
Bassett, in progress
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center
Underwater Noise: sourcesOther ship traffic
Ferry crossings
June 15th, 2009 SpectrogramBassett, in progress
Other ship traffic
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center
Underwater Noise: sourcesOther ship trafficFerry crossings
June 15th, 2009 SpectrogramBassett, in progress
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center
Underwater noise cummulative
Bassett, in progress
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center
Underwater pseudo -noise:pressure fluctuations at hydrophone
Bassett, in progress
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center003,04-22-09,TID
Water quality: salinity, temperature, turbidity,oxygen, fluorescence, pH
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center005,04-22-09,TID
Scoured seabed Relatively flat Cobbles and gravel
Sponges Barnacles
Consistent withhigh currents andgrab samples
Bottom characterization
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center009,04-23-09,TID
M. Kawase (UW-SO), B. Polagye (UW-ME), K. Thyng (UW-ME)
1D Channel Model
M2amplitudechange(mm)
Area 1: Environmental Effects tidal range
Tidal range impactof 145 MW plant
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center013,04-23-09,TID
Area 3: Array Optimization
R/V Jack Robertson
Profs. Aliseda (ME) & Riley (ME), MS student Teymour JavaherchiSingle reference frame (SRF) simulations
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center015,04-23-09,TID
Clean Current turbine: 6 months deployment
Before After
Area 4: Survivability and ReliabilityM. Tuttle (ME), B. Polagye (ME)
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center016,04-23-09,TID
Area 4: Preliminary Materials Testing
Glass fiber in epoxy(uncoated)
Carbon fiber in epoxy(uncoated)
Low-copper coating(glass fiber in epoxy)
High-copper coating(glass fiber in epoxy)
Inert coating(rubber)
Aluminum(uncoated) Stainless steel
(uncoated)
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center017,04-23-09,TID
Questions?
Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center nnmrec.oregonstate.edu (OSU - Wave)
depts.washington.edu/nnmrec (UW - Tidal)
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Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center
Area 2 Detail: Stationary Surveys
300 kHz ADCP(velocity)
Lead Weight(600 lbs)
Mini-CTD(salinity and temperature)
Hydrophone(background noise)
Sea Spider(heavy duty fiberglass frame)
Acoustic release(redundant recovery)
Programmed for 4month deployment