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2015 IEPR Staff Workshop onPlug Load Efficiency
Vojin Zivojnovic, Ph.D.06/18/2015
© AGGIOS, Inc.
Irvine, CA
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About us
• California startup (SBE):– Focus: Research and innovation to save energy– In depth technical expertise in power optimizations (plug load, mobile,
internet of things) – Independent, fully employee-owned
• Our vision: Software defined power and energy management based on industry standards
• Why we are here:– Support Commission’s plug load efficiency activities– Promote mobile efficiency for plug load devices – Increase awareness of the new IEEE P2415 & CSA standards
Learning from NatureHUMANS design
systems …NATURE designs
systems …
… for maximumperformance
… for maximumefficiencysource:
professor Jan RabaeyUC Berkeley3
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Energy-Proportional Computing
Luiz André Barroso and Urs Hölzle:The Case for Energy-Proportional Computing
Google Inc., 2007
Machines that consume energy in proportion to the amount of work performed
LESS energy-proportional device MORE energy-proportional device
Example: Computer Idle Power
Assembly consumer PC Commercial PC0
5
10
15
20
2522.0
21.0
12.4
17.5
8.69.7
Default configOptimized configOptimized PSUId
le w
atts Short idle
Long idle
CEC levels-61% -54%
AGGIOS: Desktop Computer Optimization Analysis and Demonstration Project,2015 Appliance Efficiency Pre-Rulemaking on Computers, Docket # 14-AAER-2
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Energy-Proportional Ecosystem
INVESTED ENERGY
USEFUL WORK
price&
incentives
homeenergy bill
& smart meter
utilitiesregulation
utilitiesoversight
homeenergy
management
deviceconsumption
reporting
powermanagement
activitymonitoring
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Challenges and Solutions
• Main challenges for energy-proportional consumer electronics:– Component costs and development time:
• Large suppliers with large ecosystems – few big mountains to move• Small suppliers have small budgets – many small mountains to move
– Energy topic only attractive for mobility and servers – Experts rather join the “Apples” of the world
• Solution: Weave energy-proportionality into the unified electronics ecosystem:– Expand the mobile efficiency ecosystem to include plug loads– Commission is in a position to combine carrots and sticks:
• Technical standards reduce costs and improve profitability for the industry• Government regulations motivate investments
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Example: VHDL standard
• Initiated in 1981 by the U.S. Department of Defense:– Carrot: DOD funded the development of the new industry standard
to document behavior of electronic devices
– Stick: DOD regulations accept only VHDL documented equipment
• VHDL ecosystem spurred the $10B EDA/IP global industry (mainly California based)
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IEEE P2415: New Energy Standard
• Unified Hardware Abstraction for Energy-Proportional Electronic Devices
• Based on AGGIOS’ work on the UHA format• 40+ experts from 25 companies including:
– AMD, ARM, Broadcom, Cadence, Cisco, Intel, LG, Mediatek, Mentor, Microsoft, Nvidia, Qualcomm, Samsung, Synopsys, Xilinx
• Unifies the components, software and methodology for efficient power and energy management of mobile, plug load and IoT devices
• One of the most active IEEE efforts at the moment• Supported by SDGE project for customer premises IoT devices
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CSA: Computing Appliances Standard
• Started as Pacific Coast Collaborative (PCC) project based on AGGIOS submission to CEC*
• British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, BC Hydro and CSA approved the development of the seed document by AGGIOS
• Computers, media players, gaming consoles, set top boxes converge and offer same functionality with vastly different energy efficiency
* AGGIOS: Unified Energy Efficiency Standard for Computing Appliances,2013 Consumer Electronics Rulemaking, Docket 12-AAER-2A
2W 73W36X
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Horizontal Standard for Equipment Class
CURRENT STANDARDS NEW STANDARD
• Video, audio, browsing, sleep and idle states to be unified across the equipment class
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Recommendations
• Plug loads: Lowest hanging fruit for the Commission and DOE for significant energy savings
• Mobile efficiency is the path to follow to improve plug load energy efficiency for wide classes of devices
• Unified mobile and plug load components, software and standards present the most cost effective and fastest way to influence the electronics ecosystem
• We recommend that the Commission takes sponsorship over key technical standards focused on plug load energy efficiency