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TAXON 65 (1) • February 2016: 185 Braun&Crous•(2415) Conserve Cercospora
(2415) Proposal to conserve the name Cercospora (Ascomycota: Mycosphaerellaceae) with a conserved type
Uwe Braun1 & Pedro Crous2
1 Martin Luther University, Institute of Biology, Department of Geobotany, Herbarium, Neuwerk 21, 06099 Halle, Germany2 CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The NetherlandsAuthorforcorrespondence: Uwe Braun, [email protected]
DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12705/651.18
(2415) CercosporaFresen.exFuckel,FungiRhen.Exs.:No.117.1863;Hedwigia2:133.Apr–Jun1863,nom.cons.prop.Typus:C. apii Fresen.,Beitr.Mykol.:91.18Aug1863,typ.cons.prop.
Cercosporaisoneofthelargesthyphomycetegenerawithmorethan3000namesassignedtothisgenusandabout700currentlyrec-ognizedspecies,causinghundredsofeconomicallyrelevantdiseasesofcultivatedplantsworldwide.Additionally281specieswerereferredtoasC. apiis.l., whichrepresentsacomplicated,hithertoonlypartlyresolvedcomplexofplurivorousandspecializedspecies(Crous&BrauninCBSBiodiversitySeries1:1.2003;Braun&al.inIMAFungus4:265.2013).Clements&Shear(Gen.Fung.:398.1931)des-ignated Cercospora apii astypeofCercosporaandmostauthorsfollowedthisdecision,e.g.,Ellis(DematiaceousHyphomycetes:275.1971)andPons&Sutton(inMycol.Pap.160:6.1988).Thistypifica-tionwasbasedontheassumptionthatthegenericnameCercospora wasfirstpublishedbyFresenius(Beitr.Mykol.:91.1863),issuedon18August1863,whichis,however,incorrectasdiscussedindetailbyBraun(Monogr.Cercosporella,Ramularia1:41.1995).ThenameCercosporawaspublishedearlier(inthefirsthalfof1863)byFuckel(FungiRhen.Exs.,Fasc.II,no.117.1863andinHedwigia2(15):133.1863).Fuckel(l.c.)ascribedthenewgenericnametoFresenius:“NB.GenusCercosporaFres.Passalora valdeaffinisest,sedconstantersporidiismultiseptatisdiffert”.Cercospora penicillata (Ces.)Fres.(≡Passalora penicillata Ces.)wastheonlyspeciesassociatedwiththeoriginaldescriptionofCercosporaunder“FungiRhen.Exs.,Fasc.II,no.117”andwasthereforeconsideredthetypeofthisgenericnameinBraun(l.c.).Thisis,however,notentirelycorrectsinceFuckel
(l.c.: no. 120) simultaneously introducedCercospora ferruginea Fuckel(≡Passalora ferruginea (Fuckel)U.Braun&Crous).Braun(l.c.)designatedC. penicillata as“typespecies”ofCercospora,andCrous&Braun(l.c.)excludedthesecondspeciesinvolved,C. fer-ruginea,andreallocatedittoPassalora Fr.Hence,thedesignationofC. penicillata mustratherbeseenaslectotypification.Fuckel(FungiRhen.Exs.,No.117.1863andinHedwigia2:133.1863)addedf.apii Fuckel to the C. penicillata(oftencitedas“var.apii ”butdefinitelyintroducedasforma),whichFresenius(l.c.)tookupandpublishedasC. apii.Braun&al.(inIMAFungus6:420.2015)haverecentlyre-examinedthetypeofCercospora,C. depazeoides (Desm.)Sacc.(= C. penicillata),andreallocatedittothegenusPseudocercospora Speg.,basedonareassessmentofitsmorphologyandphylogeneticpositionwithinthePseudocercospora clade(inStud.Mycol.75:55.2013).Passalora penicillata (≡Cercospora penicillata) and Exospo-rium depazeoides Desm.(≡Cercospora depazeoides (Desm.)Sacc.)areconspecific,whichhadbeenconfirmedbyre-examinationsofthetypecollectionsofthetwospeciesnames(Braun&al.,l.c.2015).Theexaminationoftypematerialofthenameofthesecondspeciesinvolved,C. ferruginea,ledtoareallocationofthisspeciestoPas-salora.AnassignmentofC. depazeoides to Pseudocercospora would haveseriousconsequencesatthegenericlevel,asCercospora penicil-lata (= C. depazeoides)wasselectedasthetypeofthegenericnameCercospora(Braun,l.c.),makingCercospora an older heterotypic synonymofPseudocercospora,whichis,however,undesirableandwouldrequireseveralhundredsofnewcombinations.Thus,wepreferaproposaltoconserveCercospora with C. apii asconservedtypeunder the ICN,Art.14.9(McNeill&al.inRegnumVeg.154.2012),thusrejectingthepreviouslydesignatedtype,C. penicillata.
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