3D-Bioprinting:Applications for Medicine and
TechnologyBruce Reimer
CEO and President, Strategic 3D Solutions
Rahul Roy
Support and Applications Engineer, EnvisionTEC Inc.
April 4, 2017
Agenda
• Introduction
• Purpose of Bioprinting
• Applications and Materials
• Construction
• Case Studies
• EnvisionTEC’s Bioplotters
• Q&A
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Bioprinting: From Construct to Tissue• Raw materials converted to constructs, layer-by-layer
• Four major applications:• Drug-delivery testing
• In-patient tissue regeneration
• Cell differentiation studies
• Pathology
Raw material Scaffold Tissue
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Construct Considerations
• Inducing Tissue Regeneration
• Biocompatibility
• Biomimicry
• Degradability
• Vascularization
• Neurogenesis
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• Combine and adapt existing biomaterials to mimic tissue
• Hard Materials:◦ Thermoplastics – PLGA, PLLA, PCL◦ Ceramics – β-TCP, hydroxyapatite◦ Metals – Ti-6Al-4V (not for degradation)
• Soft Materials:• Synthetic Hydrogels – PEG, PVA, PGS• Natural Hydrogels – Collagen, Agar, Hyaluronic Acid
Many Applications, Many Biomaterials
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Thermoplastic Solidification
• Thermoplastics liquefy at a working temperature, much higher than melting temperature, and rapidly cool to solidify.
• Using the 3D-Bioplotter, other materials can be blended to achieve different physical and mechanical properties.• Other thermoplastics
• Ceramics
• Graphene
• Other temperature withstanding substancesΔH
120°C
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Hydrogel Cross-linking and Crystallization
• UV-cross linking
• Chemical reaction
• Rapid cooling
• Freeze-drying
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Metal and Ceramic Sintering
• Metal powders can be suspended in a binder. The printed object is a weak construct called a green body.
• An oven can be used to burn away the binder and melt the particles together.
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Inner Structures Determine Mechanical Properties
Side view: 1 mm spacing, 90° alignment Side view: 1 mm spacing, 90° alignment0.5 mm shift
Top view: 1 mm spacing, 90° alignment Side view: 1 mm spacing, 45° alignment 12
Sustained Delivery of Tuberculosis Drugs
• Authors: Yuan, Jing; Zhen, Ping; et al.
• Material:• Ceramic - β-TCP
• Loaded with tuberculosis drugs and examined degradation rate/release
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Fiber Reinforced Hydrogel Composites
• Authors: Bakarich, Shannon; Gorkin, Rober; et al.
• Materials:• Hydrogel - Alginate ICE, Emax 904 Gel Adhesive, Alginate Support Gel
• Additional UV curing step
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Protein releasing scaffolds for knee meniscus regeneration in sheep• Authors: Lee, Chang Hun; Rodeo, Scott A.; Fortier, Lisa Ann; Lu,
Chuannyong; Mao, Jeremy J.
Materials: ◦ Thermoplastic – PCL
◦ Ceramic - TGF-β3
different spatially distributed factors:• CTGF – bone marrow cells to fibroblasts
• TGF-β3 – cell adhesion, ECM formation
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Regeneration of Periodontium Complex• Authors: Lee, Chang Hun; Hajibendeh, Jefferey;
Suzuki, Takahiro; Fan, Andrew; Peng, Shang; Mao, Jeremy J.
• Materials: • Thermoplastic - PCL• Ceramic - Hydroxylapatite
• Three different time-release factors• Amelogenin – dentin/cementum formation • CTGF – bone marrow cells to fibroblasts• BMP2 – alveolar bone regeneration
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Sr-MBG Scaffolds for Rat Calvarial Defects
• Authors: Zhao, Shichang; Jianhua, Zhang; et al.
• Materials: Sr-MBG
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Metallic Architectures from 3D-Printed Powder-Based Liquid Inks• Authors: Jakus, Adam; Taylor, Shannon L.; Geisendorfer, Nicholas R.;
Dunand, David C.; Shah, Ramille N.
• Materials: PLGA, solvents, various powders including hydroxyapatite, graphene, metal oxides,
Using solvents and PLA as a stronger, faster printing binder for any number of powders.
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Clinical Bioprinting is on the Horizon• Bioprinting has shown great promise in labs as a real solution for:
• Understanding how we develop
• Therapies better tailored towards the individual
• Faster recovery time
• Less invasive procedures
• With continued in vivo and in vitro studies, we can look forward to:• Full organ printing
• Surgeries with minimal recovery time and no rejection
• The next-generation of pharmaceuticals
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3D-Bioplotters
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Highlights Enhancements
Compared to Developer
Highlights Enhancements
Compared to Starter
Starter Series Developer Series Manufacturer Series
Axis Resolution (XYZ) 0.001 mm (0.00004”) 0.001 mm (0.00004”) 0.001 mm (0.00004”)
Speed 0.1 - 150 mm/s (0.004” - 5.91”/s) 0.1 - 150 mm/s (0.004” - 5.91”/s) 0.1 - 150 mm/s (0.004” - 5.91”/s)
Pressure 0.1 - 9.0 bar (1.45 - 130 psi) 0.1 - 9.0 bar (1.45 - 130 psi) 0.1 - 9.0 bar (1.45 - 130 psi)
Build Volume (XYZ) 150 x 150 x 140 mm (5.91” x 5.91” x 5.51”) 150 x 150 x 140 mm (5.91” x 5.91” x 5.51”) 150 x 150 x 140 mm (5.91” x 5.91” x 5.51”)
Needle Position Control Photo Sensor Photo Sensor Z-Sensor + High Resolution Camera
Camera Resolution (XY) - - 0.009 mm (0.00035”) per Pixel
Needle Sensor Resolution 0.03 mm (0.0012”) 0.03 mm (0.0012”) 0.001 mm (0.00004”)
Minimum Strand Diameter 0.100 mm (0.004”) - Material Dependent 0.100 mm (0.004”) - Material Dependent 0.100 mm (0.004”) - Material Dependent
Number of Materials per Scaffold Maximum 2 Materials Maximum 3 Materials using 3 Print Heads Maximum 5 Materials Using 5 Print Heads
Print Heads Included 2x Fixed High Temperature Heads (includes
adapter for smaller cartriges)
1x Low and 1x High Temperature Head 1x Low and 1x High Temperature Head
Filters Included Particle Filter Particle and Sterile Filters Particle and Sterile Filters
Platform Temperature Control No Heating and Cooling Capable (Chiller not
included)
Heating and Cooling Capable (-10°C to 80°C)
Platform Height Control Manual Automatic Z-height Controlling System Automatic Z-height Controlling System
Material Calibration Manual Material Calibration Manual Material Calibration Semi-Automatic Material Calibration
Additional Features Automated Nozzle Cleaning Process
Built-in PC
Automated Nozzle Cleaning Proces Automated Nozzle Cleaning Process
4 External Temperature Sensor Ports
Layer by Layer Photographic Log
3D Printers 3D Scanners 3D Printing
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Contact Info:
Bruce ReimerStrategic 3D Solutions, Inc.4805 Green Road, Suite 114Raleigh, NC 27616Phone: (919) 324-3912Mobile: (919) [email protected]