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8 D
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8D
Problem Solving Process
8D is a problem-solving
methodology for
product and process
improvement.
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8D Problem Solving Process
It is structured into eight
disciplines, emphasizing team
synergy.
The team as whole is better and
smarter than the quality sum of
the individuals.
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8D Problem Solving Process
Each discipline is supported by
a checklist of assessment
questions, such as
"what is wrong with what",
"what, when, where, how
much".
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8D Problem Solving Process
1. Use Team Approach
2. Describe the Problem
3. Implement and Verify Interim
Actions (Containment)
4. Identify Potential Causes
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8D Problem Solving Process
5. Choose/Verify Corrective Actions
6. Implement Permanent Corrective
Actions
7. Prevent Recurrence
8. Congratulate Your Team
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1. Use Team Approach
Establish a small group of
people with the knowledge,
time, authority and skill to
solve the problem and
implement corrective actions.
The group must select a team
leader.
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1. Use Team Approach Ensure these people have the
time and inclination to work
towards the common goal.
Get your people on board by
using team building tools such asice-breakers and team activities.
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2. Describe the Problem How can you fix it if you
dont know whats
broken?
The more clearly you
describe the problem, themore likely you are to
resolve it.
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2. Describe the Problem Describe the problem in
measurable terms.
Specify the internal or
external customer
problem by describing itin specific terms.
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2. Describe the Problem Be specific and
quantify the problem
where possible.
Clarify what, when,
where and how much
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3. Implement and Verify
Interim Actions (Containment)
What sticking plaster can you use until youfigure out whats really causing the problem?
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3. Implement and Verify
Interim Actions (Containment)
Define and implement those
intermediate actions that will
protect the customer from the
problem until permanent
corrective action is implemented.
Verify with data the effectiveness
of these actions.
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3. Implement and Verify
Interim Actions (Containment)
After Implementing a temporary
fix, monitor and measure the
impact to ensure its not making
things worse.
Remember to keep going, as asticking plaster will never cure a
broken leg!
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4. Identify Potential Causes
There will be many suspects causing the
problem, but usually only one culprit.
The key is figuring out which one.
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4. Identify Potential Causes
Identify all potential causes which
could explain why the problem
occurred.
Test each potential cause against
the problem description and data.
Identify alternative corrective
actions to eliminate root cause.
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4. Identify Potential Causes
This is where it can get a bit numerically challenging, as
statistical tools are often used to get a deep
understanding of what is going on in a process.
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5. Choose/Verify Corrective
Actions
You know whats causing the problem how are you going to fix it?
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5. Choose/Verify Corrective
Actions
Test to make sure that your
planned fixes have no
undesirable side effects.
If so, are there
complementary fixes that
eliminate side effects?
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5. Choose/Verify Corrective
Actions If your solution just isnt
feasible, you can still change
your mind before you move to
the next go live stage.
Define other actions, ifnecessary, based on potential
severity of problem.
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6. Implement Permanent
Corrective Actions
Go for it! Implement
your permanent and
complementary fixes and
monitor to make sure itsworking.
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6. Implement Permanent
Corrective Actions
Choose on-going
controls to insure the
root cause is
eliminated.
Control
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6. Implement Permanent
Corrective Actions
Usually you will get it
right, but if not, go back a
few steps and try again
the culprit is there to becaught!
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7. Prevent Recurrence
If youve gone to all this trouble, you dont what the
problem to sneak up on you again!
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7. Prevent Recurrence
Prevent recurrence of the problem byupdating everything related to the
process e.g.
Modify specifications,
update training,
review work flow,
improve practices and procedures
to prevent recurrence of this and all
similar problems.
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8. Congratulate Your Team
Teamwork got you this
far, so put on your
collective party shoes
and celebrate your
success.
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8. Congratulate Your Team
Going public with success
spreads knowledge and
learning across your
organization, and lets face
it, we all like a little
recognition now and again.
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8. Congratulate Your Team
Recognize the collective efforts of your team.
Publicize your achievement. Share your
knowledge and learning.