911 Centers in Oregon: Efficiencies Through Consolidation
Jeff RasmussenPortland State University EMPA Capstone Presentation 2012
1) Background of the Project2) Goal & Purpose3) Description of Research
Methods4) Description of Research
Findings5) Significance of the Project6) Acknowledgements
911 Centers in Oregon: Efficiencies Through Consolidation
1) Background of the ProjectA. Jefferson County ConditionsB. State of Oregon ConditionsC. 911 History and Trends
911 Centers in Oregon: Efficiencies Through Consolidation
1) Background of the Project
A. Jefferson County Conditions• Rising Personnel Costs• Lower 911 Tax Revenue
• Economy• Telecommunication Trends• Tax Loophole
FY 06-07
FY 07-08
FY 08-09
FY 09-10
FY 10-11
FY 11-12
FY 12-13
FY 13-14
FY 14-15
FY 15-16
FY 16-17
$0 $100,000 $200,000 $300,000 $400,000 $500,000 $600,000 $700,000 $800,000
911 (Jefferson County) Local Agency Fees
911 Local Agency Fees
PROJECTION
1) Background of the Project
B. State of Oregon Conditions• State Legislature Budget Notes in 2009, 2010, and 2012• 911 Tax Sunsets in 2013 ($0.75/month – 1995)• NG911 (Text, Pictures, and Video)• 2012 Kimball Report – Savings of $31 Million if 911
Regionalized
1) Background of the Project
PRE-911:
B. 911 History and Trends
1) Background of the project
PRE-911:
Basic 9-1-1:Three-digit number is dialed. Central Office Switch. The emergency and its location are communicated by voice.
Enhanced 9-1-1:The call is selectively routed to the proper PSAP. The caller’s location and phone number are displayed.
Wireless Phase I & II:The call is selectively routed to the proper PSAP. The caller’s phone number is displayed. The location of the cell tower handling the call and location information is displayed. The call is routed to a PSAP based on cell site/sector information.
1) Background of the projectNG911 - Technical Architecture Integrated Command Center
SOURCE: FCC’s Communications Security, Reliability and Interoperability Council Working Group Key Findings and Effective Practices for Public Safety Consolidation October 2010
1) Background of the Project2) Goal & Purpose3) Description of Research
Methods4) Description of Research
Findings5) Significance of the Project6) Acknowledgements
911 Centers in Oregon: Efficiencies Through Consolidation
2) Goal & Purpose
A. Identify Small PSAPs CostsB. Identify Characteristics of Lower Cost
PSAPsC. Identify a Minimally Sized Rightsized PSAP
D. Develop a Financial Template for Consolidation Scenarios
1) Background of the Project2) Goal & Purpose3) Description of Research
Methods4) Description of Research
Findings5) Significance of the Project6) Acknowledgements
911 Centers in Oregon: Efficiencies Through Consolidation
3) Description of Research Methods
A. Data SetB. Analysis
3) Description of Research Methods
A. Data Set
2) Description of Research Methods
B. Analysis1. 911 calls per resident2. 911 tax revenue per resident3. Percentage of expenditures paid by 911 tax
revenue 4. Cost (gross) per resident 5. Cost (gross) per 911 call received 6. Residents per PSAP employee (FTE) 7. Annual 911 calls per PSAP employee (FTE) 8. Average 911 calls per hour
3) Description of Research Methods
B. Analysis
Grouped PSAPs into the National Emergency Number Association’s (NENA) three size classifications:
Small: Less than 19,000 population (13 PSAPs)Medium: Between 19,000 and 100,000 (17 PSAPs)Large*: Between 100,000 and above (7 PSAPs)
* NENA’s large PSAP classification stops at 140,000 population. The six PSAPs in Oregon greater than 140,000 population are labeled “large” for this analysis.
1) Background of the Project2) Goal & Purpose3) Description of Research
Methods4) Description of Research
Findings5) Significance of the Project6) Acknowledgements
911 Centers in Oregon: Efficiencies Through Consolidation
4) Description of Research FindingsA. Smaller PSAP CostsB. Low Cost PSAP CharacteristicsC. Minimally Sized Rightsized PSAPD. Financial Template for Consolidation Scenarios
4) Description of Research FindingsA. Smaller PSAP Costs
TRI Co
unty
Comm+
*Wall
owa C
ounty
Sheri
ff+
Harney
Coun
ty Sh
eriff+
*John
Day Co
mm Cente
r+
*Morr
ow Co
unty
Sheri
ff+
Baker
Coun
ty+
*Curry
Coun
ty Sh
eriff
Jeffers
on Co
unty
Sheri
ff+
Brooki
ngs P
D
Lincol
n City
PD+
Milton-F
reewate
r Com
m+
Toled
o Poli
ce Dep
artmen
t+
Ontario
9-1-1
Prine
ville 9
-1-1+
Union C
ounty
Comm+
Wasco C
ounty
9-1-1
Hood R
iver C
ounty
Distric
t+
Malheu
r Cou
nty Sh
eriff
*Tilla
mook C
ounty
Distric
t+
Astori
a 9-1-
1
Lincol
n Cou
nty Co
mm Agen
cy+
Umatilla
Coun
ty Sh
eriff+
Colum
bia 9-
1-1 Co
mm Distric
t+
Corva
llis Re
giona
l Com
m+
Yamhil
l Cou
nty Co
mm+
Klamath
Comm Dist
rict+
Lake O
sweg
o Com
munica
tions
N. Mari
on Co
unty
Comm (N
ORCOM)
*Herm
iston
PD
Newbe
rg-Dun
dee C
omm
Deschu
tes Co
unty
Distric
t+
Burea
u of E
merg. C
omm (P
ortlan
d)+
Emerg
. Com
m S. Ore
(Jacks
on)+
Washing
ton Co
unty
Comm+
Dougla
s Cou
nty
Willamett
e Vall
ey Co
mm (Sale
m)
Clacka
mas Co
unty+
$-
$20.00
$40.00
$60.00
$80.00
$100.00
$120.00
$140.00
Gross Cost Per Resident & 911 Tax Revenue Per ResidentGross Cost Per Resident
911 tax per resident
Small Size PSAPs Large Size PSAPs
Medium Size PSAPs
4) Description of Research FindingsB. Low Cost PSAP Characteristics
Small Medium Large Combined -
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
1,446
3,356
5,597
4,423
Residents per PSAP FTE
Residents per PSAP FTE
4) Description of Research Findings
TRI C
ounty
Comm+
Linco
ln City
PD+
*Wall
owa C
ounty
Sheri
ff+
Harney
County
Sheriff
+
Hood R
iver C
ounty
Distric
t+
Brookin
gs PD
*Tilla
mook C
ounty
Distric
t+
Ontario
9-1-1
Jeffers
on Cou
nty Sh
eriff+
Linco
ln Cou
nty Com
m Agenc
y+
Umatilla
County
Sheri
ff+
*Herm
iston
PD
Desch
utes C
ounty
Distric
t+
Corvall
is Reg
ional
Comm+
Klamath
Comm Dist
rict+
Yamhil
l Cou
nty Com
m+
Dougla
s Coun
ty
Washin
gton C
ounty
Comm+
Clacka
mas Cou
nty+
-
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
$0.00
$20.00
$40.00
$60.00
$80.00
$100.00
$120.00
$140.00
Residents per PSAP FTE and Cost per ResidentResidents per PSAP FTE Gross Cost per resident
911 Special Districts
PSAPs that have a higher ratio of residents served per FTE is a compelling factor that translates into lower costs per resident.
4) Description of Research FindingsThe average of the 10 lowest cost PSAPs was $19.75 per resident.
These PSAPs average resident to FTE ratio is 5,273.
Small Medium Large Recommended Combined -
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
1,446
3,356
5,597 5,273 4,423
Residents per PSAP FTE
4) Description of Research FindingsC. Minimally Sized Rightsized PSAP
1. Minimum staffing for double coverage.
2. A PSAP with 13.0 FTEs using the recommended resident to staffing ratio (5,237), would be highly efficient if it served at least 68,549 residents.
3. This population size and staffing is consistent with an Oregon PSAP and similar to NENA staffing recommendations of similar sized PSAPs.
4) Description of Research FindingsD. Financial Template for Consolidation Scenarios
1) Background of the Project2) Goal & Purpose3) Description of Research
Methods4) Description of Research
Findings5) Significance of the Project6) Acknowledgements
911 Centers in Oregon: Efficiencies Through Consolidation
5) Significance of the ProjectA. 2013 Legislative SessionB. Public Safety – Double Coverage
PSAPs that are not providing double coverage 24/7 are putting citizens in harms way by not providing adequate resources to handle multiple emergency situations.
1) Background of the Project2) Goal & Purpose3) Description of Research
Methods4) Description of Research
Findings5) Significance of the Project6) Acknowledgements
911 Centers in Oregon: Efficiencies Through Consolidation
6) Acknowledgements
Questions