Design, Installation, and Operation of a 600 MW Hydroelectric Power Plant
Objectives of the study
The researchers will focus on the following objectives of the study:Generally, To design, install and operate a 600MW run-off-river Hydro-power plant.Specifically,1. The turbine capacity needed for operating at a 600MW run-off-river Hydro-power plant.2. The Penstock diameter to be used in a 600MW run-off-river Hydro-power plant.3. The number of turbine blades and the RPM of the turbine for the Hydro plant.4. To determine the total investment cost and the time for the return of investment.
Theoretical and Conceptual Framework
HYDRO-POWER FROM RUN-OFF-RIVERS
RESEARCH ON POSSIBLE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY IN THE COMMUNITY
IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY (GOOD OR BAD)
Hydropower Plant Diagram
Design Computations
VOLUME FLOW RATEQ = A/VWe divided the 600MW to 3 turbines with 200MW Capacity due to availability in the market factors.Generator efficiency = 0.85 (Source: Kent Handbook)Assuming height = 300mTurbine and generator combined efficiency = 86%(Source: Americana Encyclopedia)
Design Computations
For 200MW francis turbineP = 200MWP = pgQhQ = (200,000,000W)/(1000)(9.81)(300)(0.86)Q = 79.02
Design Computations
Getting the velocity:V = Where h = 300So: V = V = 76.72
Design Computations
Getting the penstock diameter:Q = AVWhere:Q = 79.02V = 76.72
Design Computations
A = A = A = 1.034A=∏D = D = D = 1.145m - penstock diameter
Design Computations
Assuming the penstock length is 600mCompute for the friction loss:Get the reynold’s number
First we need to get the Friction coefficientAmbient temperature of water is equal to 26From engineering tool box:@ 20 friction coefficient is 1.002@ 30 friction coefficient is 0.798
Design Computations
So getting for the 26 friction coefficient we must interpolate the values, so:
Temperature Friction coefficient 20 1.002 26 30 0.798
Design Computations
X = 0.1224
Design Computations
Get the reynold’s numberWhere:
Design Computations
Our material for penstock piping is concrete so we get the concrete value
Design Computations
Design Computations
Design Computations
Design Computations
f = 0.0035 + 0.0007562Z = fluid viscosityD = Internal Diameter of pipe, mS = specific gravity of waterV = velocity, m/sf = 0.0035 + 0.0007562f = 0.0035 + 0.0001109f = 0.003607 – friction factor
Design Computations
Effective head, m
+ 7.4m
Penstock efficiency = Penstock efficiency = 97.59%
WATER POWER
H = Height 79.02
- total water power rating
GENERATOR RATING
202,548.40KW 607,645.206KW– total generator power rating
SPECIFIC SPEED
Computing for the specific speed Source: Mark’s handbookHighest practicable speed for francis turbine can be computed by the formula:
Solving for synchronous speed
PERIPHERAL COEFFICIENT, ϴ
ϴ = D = diameter of the runnerN = angular speedH = net headUsing equation from Mark’s HandbookP = N =
Design Computations
Find D1 and N1
= 41.27KW
Design Computations
RUNNER DIAMETER
= DPeripheral coefficient, ϴ
ϴ = ϴ = 0.00051269
Design Computations
Computing for the main shaft torque:P = 2∏
Design Computations
Main shaftMedium grade carbon steel forging torsional stress from 3000 to
6000 or 20 to 41Assume torsional stress = 41 or 41,000
Design Computations
Shaft diameter formula:
Computing for the number of blades of francis turbine
Design Computations
For the governor capacity (G)
ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Summing of various elements of cost:Civil works
P54500050400.00Mechanical – Electrical works
P37675320000.00Project Management and Engineering
P3405408000.00Administrative Overhead
P22702720000.00 TOTAL PROJECT COST P 95,
851, 050, 400.00