ABC Book of History
Shardee Henderson2nd period
May 19, 2011
Abolitionist A person who strongly favors
during away with slavery
Adams, Samuel Started an
organization called the Sons of Liberty
Amendment An addition to a formal
document such as the Constitution
Anthony, Susan B. Organized the country’s
first women’s temperance association
Boston Massacre March 5, 1770, angry
towns people moved through the streets of
Boston. That angered the British soldiers and they
fired and killed 5 colonist.
Blockade Cut off area by means of troops or warships to stop supplies or people
from coming in or going out; to close off cities ports
Bessemer Process Used blasts of cold air
to burn off impurities from heated iron
Bill of Rights, EnglishProvided an important model for the American Bill of Rights
Canal An artificial waterway
Cash Crop Farm crop raised to be sold for
money
Census Official count of a
population
Cotton Gin A machine that
removed seeds from cotton fiber
Drought Long period of time
with little rainfall
Daughter of Liberty Urged Americans to wear
there own goods
Declaration of Independence
A document Thomas Jefferson wrote to declare there independence from
Great Britain
Dix, Dorthea Educated the public about poor conditions of the mentally
ill and the prisoners
Electoral College A special group of voters selected by their states voters to vote for the president and
vice president
Enlightenment Movement during the 1700’s that
knowledge, reason, and science could improve society
Emancipate To free from slavery
Executive Branch The branch of government,
headed by the president, that carries out the nation’s
law and policies
Fort Sumter First battle of the civil
War
Franklin, Benjamin an inventor and author, helped write the Declaration
of Independence
French and Indian War
War in America in which French and its Indian allies opposed England (1754-
1760)
French Revolution In 1789, overthrew the
monarchy of the Bourbons and the Napoleons overthrow of the Directory and seized the
power in 1799
Guerrilla WarfareA hit and run technique used
in fighting a war
Gold Rush A large scale and hasty
movement of people to a region where gold has been discovered ,
in California in 1849
Guerrilla TacticsReferring to surprise attacks
of raids rather than organized warfare
Grant, Ulysses S. 18th president of the
United States 1869-1877: Union general in the Civil
War
Human Rights Fundamental rights that
belong to an individual
Hamilton, Alexander The 1st Secretary of the
Treasury (1789-11797)
Henry , PatrickAmerican patriot
House of Burgesses Assembly of representation
colonial Virginia
Implied Powers Powers not specifically
mentioned in the Constitution
Interchangeably Parts Uniform pieces that can be
made in large quantities to replace other identical parts
Industrial Revolution The change from a agrarian
society to one based on industry which began in Great
Britain and spread to the United States around 1800
Internal Improvements Federal projects such as
canals and roads, to develop the nations transportation
system
Jackson, AndrewU.S. general; 7th president of the
United States (1829- 1837)
Judicial Review The right of the Supreme Court to
determine if the law violates the Constitution
Jay, John 1st Chief Justice of the U.S.
(1789- 1795)
Jefferson, Thomas United States diplomat, architect, and author; 3rd president of the United
States
Knox, Henry American Revolutionary
general; 1st U.S. Secretary of War (1785- 1794)
Keelboat Shallow freight boat , that has keel to permit sailing in
the wind
Kansas-Nebraska Act An act of Congress in 1854
annulling the Missouri Compromise
Loyalist American colonists who
remained loyal to Britain and opposed the war for
independence
Legislative Branch The branch of government that makes the nation’s laws
Laissez-Faire A policy that government should interfere as little as
possible in the nations economy
Log Cabin Campaign Name given to William Henry Harrison’s campaign for the presidency in 1840
Manifest Destiny The in popular in the U.S. during the 1800’s that the country must expand its boundaries if the Pacific
Mayflower CompactA formal document, written
in 1620, that provided law and order to the Plymouth
colony
Marshall, John United States general; Secretary of State (1947-
1949)
Minutemen Companies of civilian
soldiers that say they were ready to fight at a minutes
notice