1
Advanced Placement
United States History
Chapter 13
Bailey/Cohen/Kennedy
The American Pageant
2
•Federalist Party Dead
•Democratic-Republicans
•1824 – 25% of Voters
•1840 – 78% of Voters
•Whig Party
•Democratic Party
3
Election of 1824
Democratic-Republicans:
John Quincy
Adams Henry Clay
4
Election of 1824
Democratic-Republicans:
William H.
Crawford
Andrew
Jackson
5
Adams
Jackson
Clay
Crawford
Others
Election of 1824
Adams
6
Election of 1824
Corrupt Bargain of 1825
John Quincy
Adams Henry Clay
7
Election of 1824
Corrupt Bargain of 1825
•Secret Meeting Between Adams & Clay
•Clay Becomes Secretary of State
•Crawford Dying from a Stroke
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Election of 1824
Henry Clay’s American System:
•Strong National Bank
•Protectionist Tariff
•Federal Government
Promotes Internal
Improvements
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Henry Clay’s American System:
Connected by National Roads and
Canals – the West Provides Food for
East and South & Raw Materials to
Factories of the North
++++++++++
South Provides Cotton to Factories
of the North
++++++++++
North Provides Manufactured Goods
Need by West and South
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Adams Administration
•Refused to Use the Spoils
System
•Strong Nationalist
•Recommended Nat’l University,
Nat’l Observatory, Fed. Funding
of Internal improvements
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Election of 1828
•Two National Parties – Whigs
& Democrats
•Andrew Jackson – Democrats
•Martin Van Buren - Whigs
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Adams Administration
•Nation Moves Away from
Nationalism to Sectionalism
•Southerners Fear Powerful
National Government
•Westerners Hate Adams Land
Policies
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Election of 1828
Andrew Jackson
(Jacksonian Democrats)
John Q. Adams
(National Republicans)
Jackson
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Jackson Administration
•Spoils System
•“Rotation in Office”
•Samuel Swartwout
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Jackson Administration
•Tariff of Abominations
•Tariff of 1828
•South Carolina Exposition
•John C. Calhoun
•South Carolina Nullification
Convention
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Jackson Administration
•Gov. Robert Y. Hayne
•Henry Clay
•Tariff of 1832
•Force Bill
Henry Clay
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Jackson Administration
•Indian Removal - Trail of Tears
•Five Civilized Tribes
•Black Hawk War - Seminole War
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Indian Removal - Trail of Tears
Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole
Five Civilized Tribes
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The Bank War
Paper Currency
Wildcat Banks
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The Bank War
Nicholas Biddle
President of the
Bank of the U.S.
Daniel Webster
U.S. Senator
Whig Leader
Bank Supporter
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The Bank War
Henry Clay
U.S. Senator
Whig Leader
Bank Supporter
1832 – Bank Charter
Renewal
Jackson Veto
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Election of 1832
1st
Election with 3rd Party
Anti-Masonic Party
1st
Election with Nat’l
Nominating Conventions
All Three Parties
1st
Election with Party
Platforms
Anti-Masonic and Nat’l Republicans
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Election of 1832
Henry Clay – National Republicans
Andrew Jackson - Democrats
Clay Jackson
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Election of 1832
Andrew
Jackson
Democrats
Wins Support in the West,
South, Middle States, and
in New England
Anti-Bank Stand
25
Election of 1832
Henry Clay
National
Republicans
Heavy Support from the Bank
of the U.S. and Newspaper
Editors Bribed by Nicholas
Biddle
Pro-Bank Stand
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Election of 1832
Andrew Jackson
(Jacksonian Democrats)
Henry Clay
(National Republicans)
Anti-Masonic
Others
Jackson
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Jackson Destroys
Bank of the U.S.
Jackson Withdraws
Federal Funds from Bank
of the United States
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Bank is Destroyed
Jackson Withdraws
Federal Funds from Bank
of the United States
•Pet Banks
•Wildcat Banks
•Specie Circular
•Panic of 1837
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Election of 1836
Whigs Adopt Favorite Son
Strategy
Martin Van Buren – Democrats
William H. Harrison - Whigs
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Election of 1836
Van Buren (Democratic)
Harrison (Whig) White
(Whig) Webster
(Whig) Mangum
(Independent)
Van Buren
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Van Buren
Administration
Problems:
•Canadian Border
•Texas Annexation
•Anti-Slavery Controversy
•Panic of 1837
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Panic of 1837
Causes:
*Land Speculation
*Specie Circular
*Failed European Banks
100s of Wildcat Banks Fail
Independent Treasury Bill
of 1840 – Divorce Bill
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Texas Revolution
Stephen F. Austin
Antonio Lopez de
Santa Anna
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Texas Revolution
Battle of the Alamo
Battle of San Jacinto
Sam Houston
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Election of 1840
Martin Van Buren – Democrats
William H. Harrison – Whigs
“The Farmer from North Bend”
“Tippecanoe and Tyler , Too!”
Harrison Van Buren
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Election of 1840
Harrison
William H. Harrison
(Whig)
Martin Van Buren
(Democratic)
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Two Party System
Democrats:
•States Rights supporters
•Strict Construction of
Constitution
•People the Only Sovereign
Power
•Exalted the Individual
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Two Party System
Whigs:
•Favored Powerful Nat’l
Government – Social Harmony
•Support National Bank & High
Protectionist Tariffs
•Internal Improvements, Public
Schools
•Reforms – Prohibition, Abolition
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Two Party System
Both Democrats &
Whigs:
•Depended upon Masses for
Support – Common Man
•Drew Support from all Sections of
Nation – North, South, West
•Promoted Idea of the Union or
National Unity
40
Cited:
Andrew Jackson -
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/spe
ccol/sc1500/sc1545/e_catalog_2002_images/1545_1104.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.
mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/speccol/sc1500/sc1545/e_catalog_2002/jackson.html&h
=400&w=318&sz=20&tbnid=n9YXjDWNR_EJ:&tbnh=119&tbnw=95&start=8&pre
v=/images%3Fq%3DAndrew%2BJackson%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-
8%26sa%3DN
William H. Crawford -
http://www.ustreas.gov/offices/management/curator/collection/secretary/images/craw
ford.jpg
Henry Clay -
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.galafilm.com/1812/e/catalogues
/people/clay.jpeg&imgrefurl=http://www.galafilm.com/1812/e/catalogues/peop_clay.
html&h=600&w=496&sz=26&tbnid=SGeA7Ij7EwEJ:&tbnh=131&tbnw=109&start=
4&prev=/images%3Fq%3DHenry%2BClay%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-
8%26sa%3DG
John Q. Adams -
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/pnp/cph/3c10000/3c17000/3c17100/3c17119r.jpg
Election of 1828 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail128.html
Election of 1824 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail125.html
41
Cited:
Andrew Jackson 3 -
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/speccol/sc1500/s
c1545/e_catalog_2002_images/1545_1104.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/
speccol/sc1500/sc1545/e_catalog_2002/jackson.html&h=400&w=318&sz=20&tbnid=n9YXjDWN
R_EJ:&tbnh=119&tbnw=95&start=8&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAndrew%2BJackson%26hl%3Den
%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26sa%3DN
Van Buren -
http://www.americanpresident.org/history/martinvanburen/biography/resources/images/VanBurenPo
rtrait.image.jpg
John Q. Adams 3 - http://lcweb2.loc.gov/pnp/cph/3c10000/3c17000/3c17100/3c17119r.jpg
William Henry Harrison 2 -
http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/pictures/images/harrison.jpg
Andrew Jackson 2 - http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00018.jpg
Sequoyah 1- www.nativeamericans.com/ FiveCivilizedTribes.htm
Nicolas Biddle - www.jersey.syd-fyn.dk/ Alderney-Breeders-usa.htm
Daniel Webster - http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/38_00564.gif
William Henry Harrison -
http://www.americanpresident.org/history/williamhharrison/biography/resources/images/WHHPortr
ait.image.jpg
"The Trail of Tears" by Robert Lindneu -
http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/sharemed/targets/images/pho/t029/T029042A.jpg
Election of 1840 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/00000092.htm
Election of 1832 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/0000008a.htm
Election of 1836 - http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/0000008f.htm
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Cited:
Bank of the U.S. - lincoln.lib.niu.edu/ 498R/doc1/Cartoons.html
Trail of Tears - www.pbs.org/wgbh/ aia/part4/4narr4.html
Trail of Tears 2 - www.learner.org/ biographyofamerica/prog08/maps
John C. Calhoun - http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00009.jpg
Andrew Jackson 1 -
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic
/xlarge/32_00018.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.blahedo.org/blog/archives/2003_07.html&h=739&w=
610&sz=303&tbnid=_eV7sXBkLaMJ:&tbnh=138&tbnw=114&start=3&prev=/images%3Fq%3DA
ndrew%2BJackson%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26sa%3DN
Andrew Jackson 2 - http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00018.jpg
Andrew Jackson 3 -
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/speccol/sc1500/s
c1545/e_catalog_2002_images/1545_1104.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/
speccol/sc1500/sc1545/e_catalog_2002/jackson.html&h=400&w=318&sz=20&tbnid=n9YXjDWN
R_EJ:&tbnh=119&tbnw=95&start=8&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAndrew%2BJackson%26hl%3Den
%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26sa%3DN
Van Buren -
http://www.americanpresident.org/history/martinvanburen/biography/resources/images/VanBurenPo
rtrait.image.jpg
Henry Clay 3 - http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/images/2003/HenryClay.jpg
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Cited:
Daniel Webster - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Danielwebster2.jpe
Martin Van Buren -
http://www.americanpresident.org/history/martinvanburen/biography/resources/images/VanBurenPo
rtrait.image.jpg
William Henry Harrison -
http://www.americanpresident.org/history/williamhharrison/biography/resources/images/WHHPortr
ait.image.jpg