Agenda What Is the Windows
Communication Foundation? How Does It Work? How Do I Use and Deploy It? Bindings Addresses Contracts How to host WCF services in ASP.NET How WCF works inside of ASP.NET
WCF is Our next-generation platform for distributed
systems A set of extensions to the Microsoft.NET
Framework 2.0 Build WCF services in Visual Studiousing
any .NET Language Intelligent code editing, IDE Extensions for WCF,
debugging, re-factoring, code snippets, etc. Visual Basic .NET, Visual C#, etc.
Runs on Microsoft Windows Vista Microsoft Windows XP Microsoft Windows Server 2003
.NET at the coreThe Unified Framework For Rapidly Building
Service-Oriented Applications
WCF combines the functionality from ASP.NET Web Services, .NET Remoting, Message Queuing and Enterprise Services.
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) ASP.NET Web Service
WCF supports multiple bindings HTTP, WSHTTP, TCP, MSMQ. ASP.NET Web Services supports only HTTP binding.
WCF supports Atomic Transactions*. ASP.NET Web Services does not support Atomic Transactions*.
By default WCF uses SOAP for sending and receiving the messages. But WCF can support any kind of message format not only SOAP.
ASP.NET Web Services can send and receive messages via the SOAP only.
The System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContract and System.Runtime.Serialization.DataMember attributes of the WCF's System.Runtime.Serialization assembly can be added for .NET types to indicate that instances of the type are to be serialized into XML, and which particular fields or properties of the type are to be serialized.
ASP.NET Web Services uses XmlSerializer to translate the XML data (Message Send or received) into .NET objects.
Windows Communication Foundation
• Unifies today’s distributed technologies• Lets you develop/deploy/manage one
model• Visual Studio.NET integration
Unification
• Broad support for Web services (WS-*) specifications
• Compatible with existing Microsoft-distributed application technologies
Interoperability
• Enables development of loosely-coupled services
• Config-based communication
Service-OrientedDevelopment
Unified Programming Model
Interopwith otherplatforms
ASMX
Attribute- Based
Programming
Enterprise Services
WS-*ProtocolSupport
WSE
Message-Oriented
Programming
System.Messaging
ExtensibilityLocation transparency
.NET Remoting
Agenda What Is the Windows Communication
Foundation? How Does It Work? How Do I Use and Deploy It? Bindings Addresses Contracts How to host WCF services in ASP.NET How WCF works inside of ASP.NET
How does it work?Endpoints
Client Service
MessageEndpoint Endpoint
Endpoint
How does it work?Address, Binding, Contract
Client ServiceMessageABC A B C
A B C
Endpoints - All communications with the WCF service will happen via the endpoints. The endpoint is composed of 3 parts (collectively called as ABC's of endpoint) as defines below:Address: The endpoints specify a Address that defines where the endpoint is hosted.Contract: The endpoints specify a Contract that defines which methods of the Service class will be accessible via the endpoint; each endpoint may expose a different set of methods.Binding: The endpoints also define a binding that specifies how a client will communicate with the service and the address where the endpoint is hosted.Various components of the WCF are depicted in the figure below.
How does it work?Behaviours and Metadata
Client Service
MessageABC A B C
A B C
Metadata
Bv BvBv Bv
Proxy ServiceHost()
Agenda What Is the Windows Communication
Foundation? How Does It Work? How Do I Use and Deploy It? Bindings Addresses Contracts How to host WCF services in ASP.NET How WCF works inside of ASP.NET
How do I use it?
Generate Proxy
Pick Endpoint
Define Contract
Implement
Service
Define Endpoint
sHost
Service
Client
Service
How do I deploy it?
Web Host within IIS:
Self-Host within any .NET process:
• Available for any service • Console apps, windowed apps, .NET NT Services …
Building a simple service and client
Agenda What Is the Windows Communication
Foundation? How Does It Work? How Do I Use and Deploy It? Bindings Addresses Contracts How to host WCF services in ASP.NET How WCF works inside of ASP.NET
All About BindingsYou can choose a pre-defined binding:
<endpoint name=“MyService” address=“MyAddress” binding=“netTcpBinding” contract=“IMyInterface” />
NetPeerTcpBinding
NetMSMQBinding
NetNamePipesBinding
NetTcpBinding
WsHttpBinding
BasicHttpBinding
Binding
.NET Peer Peer
.NET.NET via MSMQ
.NET.NET across processesSecure, reliable duplexed
.NET.NET across processesSecure, reliable duplexed
Basis for WS-* interopSupports WS-Security, WS-RM, WS-Tx
Basic Profile 1.1 Interop and Intergration w/ASMX
Purpose
All About BindingsYou can customize a pre-defined binding:<services> <service name=“MyService”> <endpoint address=“MyAddress” binding=“wsHttpBinding” bindingConfiguration=“MyReliableBinding” contract=“IMyInterface” /> <service/></services><bindings> <wsHttpBinding> <binding name=“MyReliableBinding”>
<reliableSession enabled=“true” ordered=“true” </binding> </wsHttpBinding></bindings>
All About BindingsYou can define custom bindings:<services> <service name=“MyService”> <endpoint address=“MyAddress” binding=“wsHttpBinding” bindingConfiguration=“MyReliableBinding” contract=“IMyInterface” /> <service/></services><bindings> <wsHttpBinding> <binding name=“MyReliableBinding”>
<reliableSession enabled=“true” ordered=“true” </binding> </wsHttpBinding></bindings>
Agenda What Is the Windows Communication
Foundation? How Does It Work? How Do I Use and Deploy It? Bindings Addresses Contracts How to host WCF services in ASP.NET How WCF works inside of ASP.NET
All about AddressesAn endpoint address is relative to a base address:
For a Web-Hosted service, the base address is that of its virtual directory
<services> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8000/MyBaseAddress"/> </baseAddresses> </host> <service name=“MyService”> <endpoint address=“MyEndpointAddress” binding=“wsHttpBinding” bindingConfiguration=“MyReliableBinding” contract=“IMyInterface” /> <service/></services>
Agenda What Is the Windows Communication
Foundation? How Does It Work? How Do I Use and Deploy It? Bindings Addresses Contracts How to host WCF services in ASP.NET How WCF works inside of ASP.NET
All About Contracts
• Service Contract: Describes the operations a service can perform. Maps CLR types to WSDL.
• Data Contract: Describes a data structure. Maps CLR types to XSD.
• Message Contract: Defines the structure of the message on the wire. Maps CLR types to SOAP messages.
Agenda What Is the Windows Communication
Foundation? How Does It Work? How Do I Use and Deploy It? Bindings Addresses Contracts How to host WCF services in ASP.NET How WCF works inside of ASP.NET
Hosting Services in ASP.NET Write your service as usual:
[ServiceContract] [OperationContract] etc.
ServiceHost’s are represented as .svc files:<% @ServiceHost Service=“HelloService” %>
Service attribute is a CLR type name Matches <service name=“xxx”> from
web.config
Where can I put my service code? Anywhere you can put code in
ASP.NET: Inline in the .svc file In a .cs/.vb in App_Code In a class library (.dll) located in \bin
WCF plays nicely with ASP.NET’s dynamic compilation system
Which project type should I use? Services can be built in any project type
Web projects Class Libraries
Class libraries have benefits Decouples implementation from hosting environment Can test services in other hosts (e.g. console apps)
during development However, WCF doesn’t care which project type you
use…use what makes sense for you
Hosting WCF in ASP.NET
Agenda What Is the Windows Communication
Foundation? How Does It Work? How Do I Use and Deploy It? Bindings Addresses Contracts How to host WCF services in ASP.NET How WCF works inside of ASP.NET
IIS Worker Process(w3wp.exe)
w3wp.exe
ASP.NET
w3wp.exe
ASP.NET Managed Hosting Layer(System.Web.Hosting, System.Web.Compilation)
ASP.NETPage Framework, UI, Controls,HTTP Runtime(System.Web, System.Web.UI)
w3wp.exe
ASP.NET Managed Hosting Layer(System.Web.Hosting, System.Web.Compilation)
ASP.NETPage Framework, UI, Controls,HTTP Runtime(System.Web, System.Web.UI)
WCF Service Model(System.ServiceModel)Can share state
WCF and the HTTP Pipeline
IISAS
P.N
ET
HTTPRequest
Service Implementation
Process Host
WCF HttpModule(grabs *.svc)
WCF HTTP Transport
Protocol Channels
Dispatcher
HTTPResponse
Other HttpModuleOther HttpModule
Other HttpModule
Why the split?
Two technologies, different priorities
WCF: consistency across transports and hosting environments
ASP.NET: optimize for HTTP applications hosted in IIS
Becomes very important on IIS7/WAS WAS == Windows Process Activation
Service
Implications
ASP.NET platform features still work for ASP.NET Forms auth Session state File/URL authorization
They just don’t apply to WCF by default
Summary What Is the Windows Communication
Foundation? How Does It Work? How Do I Use and Deploy It? Bindings Addresses Contracts How to host WCF services in ASP.NET How WCF works inside of ASP.NET