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2-1

ASTM Pipe Specifications

Aalco Tel. 01932 250100 Fax: 01932 250101 E-mail: [email protected]

Section 2


This Section summarises the requirements of selected ASTMstandards for stainless steel pipe.

ASTM Standards covered in this Section Page- ASTM Pipe - General Requirements 2-2A 530/A 530M - 96 General Requirements for Specialised

Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe (Incorporated within the ASTM Pipe General Requirements subsection)

2-2

A 370 - 96 Mechanical Testing of Steel Products(Incorporated within the ASTM Pipe General Requirements subsection)

2-5

A 312/A 312M - 95a Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes

2-7

A 358/A 358M - 95a Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service

2-12

A 376/A 376M - 96 Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High Temperature Central-Station Service

2-16

A 409/A 409M - 95a Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-Temperature Service

2-20

A 731/A 731M - 91 Seamless and Welded, Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Pipe

2-24

A 790/A 790M - 95 Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex) Stainless Steel Pipe

2-27

A 813/A 813M - 95 Single- or Double-Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe

2-30

A 814/A 814M - 96 Cold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe

2-34

A 928/A 928M - 94 Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex) Stainless Steel Pipe Electro Fusion Welded with Addition of Filler Metal

2-36

A 943/A 943M - 95 Spray-Formed Seamless Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe

2-39

A 949/A 949M - 95 Spray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex) Stainless Steel Pipe

2-43

2-2



ASTM Pipe - General RequirementsThis pipe general requirements subsection covers summary information and general(common) requirements data extracted from relevant ASTM standards. Specific ASTMpipe standards are expanded on pages 2-7 to 2-44. For pipe sizes see pages 5-3 to 5-6.

SpecificationsRefer to page 2-1, for a list of the ASTM stainless steel pipe standards available and covered in this Section.

Applications and General CoverageSummary of applications and features identified in ASTM pipe standards

Notes✔ A tick in the table indicates that the standard specifically identifies (but is not necessarily restricted to) the application or

feature listed. Other features are covered in further summary tables on the following pages.1 No details of A 872, Centrifugally Cast Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe are contained in this manual.2 All pipes are suitable, but A 814 specifically identifies this feature.

Dimensions and Tolerances❍ Units of Measure. American pipe standards use

both imperial and metric (SI) units ofmeasurement. It is important not to combine theuse of these units since rounding of dimensionshas resulted in an incompatibility between somevalues.

❍ Dimensions. Standard dimensions for stainlesssteel pipe are provided by ANSI/ASME B36.19(page 5-3) and ANSI/ASME B36.10 (pages 5-4 to5-6) for sizes not covered by B36.19. Thesedefine outside diameters, nominal wallthicknesses, schedule numbers and weights perunit length.

Non-standard pipe sizes are allowable in theASTM pipe standards, provided they alsoconform to the defined tolerance requirements.

❍ Tolerances. The basic permissible variations,including pipe length and straightnessrequirements, are defined in ASTM A 530/A530M, this standard being referenced by allASTM pipe standards applicable to stainlesssteel. These variations may be subject toqualification by individual ASTM pipe standards,which may also only be applicable to (althoughnot restricted to) pipes of certain dimensions. Aguide is provided in the following tables.

Summary of dimensioning and tolerance aspects of ASTM pipe standards

Notes1 Pipe sizes normally furnished to the specification, within manufacturing restrictions.2 Circumferential welding specified as acceptable.- Spec’d = Specified in the ASTM pipe standard. Std = Standard, ie. general requirements of ASTM A 530/A 530M apply.

Application or Feature A 312 A 358 A 376 A 409 A 731 A 790 A 813 A 814 A 8721 A 928 A 943 A 949

General corrosion resistance and high temperature service

✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Resistance to stress corrosion cracking

✔ ✔ ✔

Suitability for bending, flanging, other forming2

✔

Large diameter, light walled pipe ✔

Centrifugally cast ✔

Spray formed ✔ ✔

A312 A358 A 376 A 409 A 731 A790 A 813 A 814 A 872 A 928 A 943 A 949

Pipe sizes1 All All >NPS 8 NSP 14-30, light wall All All All <NPS 4 All All All All

Cut lengths Std Std Std Spec’d2 Std Std Std Std Std Std2 Std StdTolerances Std Spec’d Std Spec’d Std Std Spec’d Spec’d Spec’d Std Std Std


2-3Aalco Tel. 01932 250100 Fax: 01932 250101 E-mail: [email protected]

ASTM Pipe - General RequirementsStandard cross-section and weight tolerances (ASTM A 530/A 530M)

Notes1 Includes ovality tolerance except for thin wall pipe (i.e. t>3% OD).2 Min wall thickness = Nominal wall thickness (t) x 0.875. Not applicable if filler metal added.3 Refer to pages 5-3 to 5-6 for standard pipe weights.

For non standard pipes W(lb/ft) = 10.68(OD-t)t, or W (kg/m) = 0.02466(OD-t) t4 Ovality = Difference between maximum and minimum OD. For t>3% OD, ovality is within OD tolerances.

❍ Standard Cut Lengths Pipe orderingalternatives are:- Random. Standard lengths are in the range15 to 24 feet. Shorter lengths as agreed with thepurchaser.- Specified Lengths. Cut lengths as specified,with end finish also specified.

❍ Length tolerances. No pipe shall be shorter thanspecified. No pipe shall be more than 1/4 in(6 mm) longer than specified. Tighter tolerancesmay be specified, e.g. for bevelled pipe.

❍ Straightness. All finished pipe shall bereasonably straight. For metal-arc welded pipemaximum deviation from straight = 1/8 in (3.2 mm)in 10 ft (3 m).

ManufactureSummary of materials covered by ASTM pipe standards

❍ Materials. Materials used for the manufacture ofstainless steel pipe are specified in the individualASTM pipe standards. These are summarised inthe table above (refer to page 1-10 for a detailedbreakdown of grades applicable to each ASTM).

❍ Manufacturing Processes. A summary of ASTMpipe manufacturing processes is provided in thetable following.

❍ Heat Treatments. Heat treatments are specifiedin each ASTM pipe standard. There are nogeneral requirements. Retreatment (up to twotimes without purchaser agreement) is possible.

❍ Test Reports. A certified test report (specified inASTM A 530/A 530M) is required to certify thatthe pipe has been manufactured, sampled, testedand inspected in accordance with thespecification. It shall include the following:

• Manufacturer and date• Specification and year date• Purchaser requirements (optional and sup-

plementary requirements)• Heat number and analysis• Tensile properties• Test methods and results• Tests not completed

❍ Pipe Marking. Each pipe is marked in paint orink, or must be tagged if under 3 ft (1 m) in length.Minimum marking requirements are:manufacturer’s name or brand, specificationnumber (not year), and grade. Bar coding isacceptable. Further marking requirements arespecified in individual ASTM pipe standards.

NPSOutside Diameter (OD)1 Wall Thickness(t)2 Weight3 Ovality4

t< 3%ODUnder Over Under Over Under Over

in mm in mm % % % % %1/2 to 11/2 0.031 0.8 0.015 0.4 12.5 - 3.5 10 1.5>11/2 to 4 0.031 0.8 0.031 0.8 12.5 - 3.5 10 1.5>4 to 8 0.031 0.8 0.062 1.6 12.5 - 3.5 10 1.5>8 to 12 0.031 0.8 0.093 2.4 12.5 - 3.5 10 1.5

>12 to 18 0.031 0.8 0.093 2.4 12.5 - 3.5 10 1.5>18 to 26 0.031 0.8 0.125 3.2 12.5 - 5 10 1.5>26 to 34 0.031 0.8 0.156 4.0 12.5 - 5 10 1.5>34 to 48 0.031 0.8 0.187 4.8 12.5 - 5 10 1.5

A 312 A 358 A 376 A 409 A 731 A790 A 813 A 814 A 872 A 928 A 943 A 949Austenitic ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ferritic ✔ ✔

Martensitic ✔

Duplex ✔ ✔ ✔

2-4



ASTM Pipe - General RequirementsSummary of manufacturing processes covered by ASTM pipe standards

Notes1 Filler metal specifications are not covered in this manual.2 Filler metal same grade as used for pipe.3 See specification details, page 2-36.4 Centrifugally cast pipe (standard ASTM A 872/A 872M) is not covered in this manual.5 HT = Heat treated, HT-O = No final heat treatment6 SW = Single Weld, DW = Double Weld7 As sprayed or as-sprayed and cold worked.

Finish and RepairSummary of finish and repair requirements covered by ASTM pipe standard�

Notes- NS = Not Specified- spa/spr = subject to purchaser approval/request1 Defect removal -

G = grindingM = MachiningW = Welding

2 Scale removal alternatives - BA = Bright AnnealedP = PicklingB = BlastingSF = Surface finishing

❍ Finishes. A workmanlike finish is required for allpipes.

❍ Defects. Defects may be removed, as permittedin individual ASTM pipe standards, by thefollowing methods:• Grinding or machining, provided that the wall

thickness is not reduced below the minimum.• Welding, as agreed by the purchaser.

❍ Scale and Contaminating Particles. Scale andcontaminating particles may be removed, aspermitted in individual ASTM pipe standards, bythe following methods:• Bright annealing (other treatments are not

mandatory if bright annealed)• Pickling• Blasting with sand or iron particles• Specified surface finishing

❍ Passivation. Passivation may sometimes berequested.

A 312 A 358 A 376 A 409 A 731 A790 A 813 A 814 A 872 A 928 A 943 A 949Seamless ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Welded ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔(auto) ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Electric-fusion welded ✔ ✔

Filler metal used No ✔2 ✔1 No No No No ✔1

Weld classes6 1-53 SW,DW

SW,DW 1-53

Hot/coldfinished Either Either Either Cold NF Cold7 Cold7

Cast4 ✔4

Spray-formed ✔ ✔

Final heat5 treatment HT HT or

HT-OHT orHT-O

HT orHT-O HT HT HT or

HT-O HT HT HT orHT-O HT HT

A 312 A 358 A 376 A 409 A 731 A 790 A 813 A 814 A 872 A 928 A 943 A 949Defect1 removal W,G Wspa,

M, GWspa, M, G

Wspa, M, G G G Wspa,

GWspa,

GWspa,

GWspa,

G G G

Scale2 removal

BA or P,B, SF

BA or P,B, SF

BA or P,B, SF

BA or P,B, SF

NS BA or P

BA or P

BA or P NS

BA or P,B, SF

BA or P,B, SF

BA or P,B, SF

Passivation NS spr spr spr NS NS NS NS NS spr spr spr



ASTM Pipe - General Requirements

Mandatory TestingSummary of mandatory tests as specified by ASTM pipe standards

Notes1 Supplementary requirement (S1, S2, etc) specifies testing in excess of the mandatory requirement.

For a full summary of supplementary requirements see page 2-6.2 Non destructive test (eddy current or ultrasonic test) is specified as acceptable in place of hydrostatic test.

❍ Introduction. Each ASTM pipe standardspecifies the mandatory and optional orsupplementary test requirements. These testsmay be subdivided into those that are performedon a test specimen and those that are performedon the whole pipe. (Refer to page 10-5 for ageneral description of test methods used forstainless steel products.)

❍ Test specimens. Test specimens suitable for atest to be performed are taken from the end offinished pipe prior to being cut or formed, or inaccordance with individual ASTM pipe standardrequirements.

❍ Product Analysis. Product analysis of a testspecimen shows the chemical composition of thefinished pipe. This may vary from that obtainedfrom the heat analysis made by the steelmanufacturer. ASTM pipe standard chemicalcomposition tables (reproduced in this manual)show the amount of each component element asa range or maximum percentage value. Methodsof chemical analysis are described in ASTMA 751 (not reproduced in this manual).

❍ Mechanical Testing Methods used for themandatory testing of pipes are defined in ASTMA 530 and A 370. A summary of requirementsfollows.

❍ Tension Test. Performed on suitable testspecimen at room temperature. Yield strengthcorresponds to a permanent offset of 0.2% of thegauge length or to a total extension of 0.5% of thegauge length under load.If elongation >0.75 in (19.0 mm) from the centreof the gauge length, retest is allowed.

❍ Flattening Test. Flattening between two parallelplates is performed on a section of pipe >2.5 in(63 mm) long for seamless pipe or >4 in (100 mm)long for welded pipe. The weld is placed 90° fromdirection of applied force (at point of maximumbending). First step is a test for ductility - no cracks orbreaks shall occur (unless OD:t ratio is less than10, when cracks at 6 or 12 o’clock are allowed).Distance between plates H for the first step is asfollows:

H = (1 + e)t e + t/OD

where e = 0.08 for ferritic steel= 0.09 for austenitic steel or low

carbon steel (i.e. C = 0.18% max)t = Average wall thickness (in or mm)OD = Outside diameter (in or mm)

Second step is a test for soundness in whichflattening continues until specimen breaks or untilpipe walls meet - there shall be no evidence oflaminated or unsound material.

❍ Hydrostatic Tests. Pipes are tested for at least5 seconds to minimum hydrostatic pressure P asfollows:

P (psi or MPa) = 2St/ODwhere S = pipe wall stress (psi or MPa)

t = Average wall thickness (in or mm)OD = Outside diameter (in or mm)

The calculated Pressure, P, is rounded to nearest50 psi (0.5 MPa) if below 1000 psi (7 MPa), or tothe nearest 100 psi (1 MPa) if above 1000 psi(7 MPa). The following pressures need not beexceeded unless specified in the order.

A 312 A 358 A 376 A 409 A 731 A 790 A 813 A 814 A 872 A 928 A 943 A 949Heat analysis ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Product analysis1 S1 ✔S1 ✔S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 ✔S1 S1 ✔S1 ✔S1

Tension test1 ✔S2 ✔S2 ✔S2 ✔ ✔S2 ✔S2 ✔S2 ✔S2 ✔S2 ✔S2 ✔S2 ✔S2

Flattening test1 ✔S3 ✔S3 ✔S3 ✔S3 ✔S3 ✔S3 S2 ✔S3 ✔S3Hydrostatic test ✔ ✔ S6Hydrostatic test or NDT2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

✔S5,S6 ✔ ✔ ✔

Transverse guided - bend weld test1 ✔S2 ✔ ✔

Radiographic examination ✔

2-6



ASTM Pipe - General RequirementsHydrostatic Test Pressures (ASTM A 530/A 530M)

❍ Nondestructive Examination. Types ofnondestructive testing (NDT) include eddy currenttesting, ultrasonic testing and flux leakage testing.Pipes are tested against a calibration standardwhich can include one of a number of defineddiscontinuities. Pipes producing a test signalequal to or greater than the calibration standardare designated as suspect. These pipes may beimmediately rejected, or visually inspected for

allowable imperfections. Rejected pipes may be repaired within specifiedparameters and retested. ASTM A 450/A 450Mprovides further NDT test requirement details.

❍ Other Tests include: - Metal Structure Etching Tests- Intergranular Corrosion Tests- Flange Test

❍ Retesting and Retreatment are required for

Optional and Supplementary Requirements❍ Each ASTM pipe standard identifies optional and

supplementary requirements. These usuallyprovide for additional testing and are identified onthe test certificate.

❍ The following table summarises thesupplementary requirements listed in the ASTMpipe standards.

Summary of ASTM pipe standard supplementary requirements

Outside Diameter (OD) Hydrostatic Test Pressurein mm psi MPa

<3.5 <88.9 2500 17>3.5 >88.9 2800 19

A 312 A 358 A 376 A 409 A 731 A790 A 813 A 814 A 872 A 928 A 943 A 949Product analysis S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 S1Transverse tension tests S2 S2 S2 S2 S2 S2 S1 S2 S2

Tension & Bend tests S2 S2Ultrasonic tests S6 S6 S6Hydrostatic test S6Nondestructive electric test S5 S5 S5

Flattening tests S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S2 S3 S3Flange test S8Etching tests S4 S4 S4 S4 S4 S4 S3 S4 S4Radiographic exam. S5 S2 S7 S4Intergranular corrosion test S7 S6 S10 S6 S6 S6

Corrosion requirements S3 S8 S7

Photomicrographs S5Penetrant oil and powder examination S3 S3

Liquid penetrant exam S5Ferrite control in weld deposits S4 S4 S4

High ductile test for weldability S7

Retests S8Stabilising heat treatment S6 S5 S9 S5 S5

Minimum wall pipe S8 S7



ASTM A 312/A 312M - 95aSeamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes

This specification covers austenitic steel pipe intended for high temperature and generalcorrosive service. H grades in the chemical composition table are specifically for hightemperature service.

Dimensions and Tolerances❍ Dimensions. All standard pipe sizes and wall

thicknesses may be specified, subject tomanufacturing limitations. Minimum wallthickness pipe is also covered as asupplementary requirement.

❍ Tolerances. ASTM pipe general requirements,page 2-2, apply.

Manufacture❍ Materials. Refer to chemical composition table.❍ Manufacture. In order to comply with this

specification the pipe must be manufactured byan automatic welding process using no fillermetal, or it must be a seamless pipe. If a weldedpipe has a nominal pipe size greater than 14 thenit may be constructed from two longitudinalsections, and hence have two longitudinal welds.The pipe may be either hot finished or coldfinished.

❍ Heat treatment. Refer to heat treatment tableand supplementary requirement S6.

❍ Marking on each length of pipe: Manufacturer’smake or brand, specification number, ‘WR’ if weldrepaired, ‘NPS’ and schedule, ‘NH’ if nohydrotesting performed, ‘ET’ if eddy-currenttested, ‘UT’ if ultrasonic tested.(NPS = Nominal Pipe Size.)

Finish and Repair❍ Finish. The surface of the pipe must be clean and

free of scale and contaminating iron particles. Itcan be bright annealed but may be pickled,blasted or can be passivated.

❍ Repair by welding. Permitted on <20% of theweld seam length of welded pipe if >NPS 6 andhaving a wall thickness >0.200 in (mm).Tungsten-arc welding process is used for repairs,with filler metal to a grade as specified in A 312(not repeated here). Weld repairs must beidentified on the pipe and in test certificate.

Mandatory Testing❍ Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test. One

test made on a specimen for lots of less than 100pipes. Two tests made for greater lots.

❍ Flattening Test. 5% of pipe will be treated and atleast 2 pipes from heat treated lot. For weldedpipe, transverse guided face bend test may beconducted in place of flattening test.

❍ Grain Size Examination. The following gradeswill be subjected to grain size determinations, with5% of the pipe being examined:TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb - grainsize No 6 or coarser, UNS S32615 - grain size No 3 or finer.

❍ Hydrostatic Test. Each pipe will be tested unlessthe pipe exceeds NPS 10 and the purchaser hasagreed, or has agreed to alternativeNondestructive testing.

❍ Nondestructive Examination. All processingmust be completed before testing. EitherUltrasonic (Practice E 213) or Eddy Current(Practice E 426) testing may be used, or both.The operator must be qualified. A referencestandard must be employed to regularly calibratethe testing equipment. Guidance regarding thereference standards, detailed in A 312, is notincluded in this summary.

2-8



A 312 Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes

Ordering Information

Note- The above table is based on ASTM requirements except with regard to alternative end finishes and test reports, where

standard practice options are added. See also page 10-2 for ISO based ordering and general delivery information.

Optional and Supplementary Requirements❍ Chemical analysis of one billet or one length of

flat rolled stock from each heat may be performedif required by purchaser.

❍ Hydrostatic, eddy-current or ultrasonictesting.

❍ Discontinuities. The type, size, location,orientation, of discontinuities that are of interestduring NDT may be specified.

❍ Hot or cold finishing.❍ Passivating treatment may be requested.❍ Surface Finish. Bright annealed or other surface

finish.❍ Pipe Marking. The weight may be requested for

pipe >NPS4.

S1 Product Analysis. NPS 5 and larger oneanalysis for each ten lengths from each heat ofsteel. NPS smaller than 5 then only 10% needbe tested.

S1 Tranverse Tension Tests. NPS 8 and largercan have one transverse tension test on 10% oflengths per he at of steel.

S1 Flattening Test. A flattening test will be madeon a specimen from one or both ends of eachpipe. The number of tests per pipe needs to bespecified.

S1 Etching Tests. Etching tests show thehomogeneity of pipes and are made on a crosssection from one or both ends of a pipe.

S1 Radiographic Examination. The entire lengthof weld will be examined for any double weldedpipe. In addition the pipe will be marked RT andthe test results included in the certification.

S1 Stabilising Heat Treatment. The solutionannealed grades TP309HCb, TP310HCb,TP321, TP321H, TP347, TP347H, TP348 andTP348H will be given a stabilisation heattreatment. Temperature will be as agreedbetween purchaser and vendor.

S1 Intergranular Corrosion Test. This test inaccordance with Practices A 262 Practice E.

S1 Minimum Wall Pipe. A minimum wall thicknessmay be specified, in which case the wallthickness may not be below the thicknessspecified. Such pipe will be marked S8.

Item NotesSpecification number ASTM A 312/A 312M-95aSize Nominal pipe size or outside diameter.

Schedule or average wall thickness.Quantity Random or specified lengths.

Total length or number of lengths.Name of material Austenitic stainless steel pipeProcess Seamless or weldedGrade Selected from chemical composition tableEnd finish Plain ends with all burrs removed is ASTM requirement.

Bevelled, or other end finishes can be specified.Test report DIN 50049.3.1.B standard, or DIN 50049.3.1.C optional (3rd

party witness test) at extra costOptions and supplementary requirements Refer to optional and supplementary requirements S1 to S8



Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes A 312Tensile Requirements

Notes- All = All grades listed in the chemical composition table other than those itemised in this table.1 Values for wall thickness >3/8 in (9.5 mm)2 Values for wall thickness >1/4 in (6.35 mm)3 Values for wall thickness >0.187 in (4.75 mm)

Heat Treatment

Notes- All = All grades listed in the chemical composition table other than those itemised in this table.1 Quench in water or rapid cool by other means2 Pipe marking to include heat number and heat-treatment lot number

Grade UNSTensile Strength

minYield Strength

minElongation in 2 in

(50 mm) or 4D minksi MPa ksi MPa Longit % Trans %

All All 75 515 30 205 35 25TP304L S30403 70 485 25 170 35 25TP304N S30451 80 550 35 240 35 25

S31272 65 450 29 200 35 25TP316L S31603 70 485 25 170 35 25TP316N S31651 80 550 35 240 35 25TP321 S32100 75(701) 515(4851) 30(251) 205(1701) 35 25

TP321H S32109 75(701) 515(4851) 30(251) 205(1701) 35 25TPXM-10 S21900 90 620 50 345 35 25TPXM-11 S21904 90 620 50 345 35 25TPXM-19 S20910 100 690 55 380 35 25TPXM-29 S24000 100 690 55 380 35 25

S31254 94 650 44 300 35 25S30615 90 620 40 275 35 25S30815 87 600 45 310 35 25S31050 84(782) 580(5402) 39(372) 270(2552) 25 -S30600 78 540 35 240 35 25S31726 80 550 35 240 35 25S32615 80 550 32 220 25 -S33228 73 500 27 185 35 25S24565 115 795 60 415 35 25S30415 87 600 42 290 35 25S32654 109 750 62 430 35 25S35315 94 650 39 270 35 25N08367 100(953) 690(6553) 45(453) 310(3103) 30 -N08904 71 490 31 215 35 25

Grade UNS Temperature°F

Temperature°C Treatment

All All 1900 1040 Minimum solution temperature. Quench1

TP304H S30409 1900(1900) 1040(1040) Minimum solution temp for cold (hot) working. Quench1





S30815 1920 1050 Minimum solution temperature. Quench 1,2

S31272 1920 1050 Minimum solution temperature. Quench 1S31254 2100 1150 Minimum solution temperature. Quench1

S24565 2050-2140 1121-1170 Solution temperature range. Quench1

S32654 2100 1150 Minimum solution temperature. Quench1


N08367 2025 1100 Minimum solution temperature. Quench1


2-10



A 312 Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes

Chemical CompositionGrade UNS

Composition Percentage, max or rangeCarbon

CManganese

MnPhosphorus

PSulphur

SSiliconSi

NickelNi

ChromiumCr

MolybdenumMo Note

TP304 S30400 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 -TP304H S30409 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 -TP304L S30403 0.035 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 8.00-13.0 18.0-20.0 - 25TP304N S30451 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 - 1

TP304LN S30453 0.035 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 - 1TP309Cb S30940 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 12.0-16.0 22.0-24.0 0.75 2TP309H S30909 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 12.0-15.0 22.0-24.0 -

TP309HCb S30941 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 12.0-16.0 22.0-24.0 0.75 2TP309S S30908 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 12.0-15.0 22.0-24.0 0.75

TP310Cb S31040 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 19.0-22.0 24.0-26.0 0.75 2TP310H S31009 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 19.0-22.0 24.0-26.0 -

TP310HCb S31041 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 19.0-22.0 24.0-26.0 0.75 2TP310S S31008 0.080 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 19.0-22.0 24.0-26.0 0.75

S31272 0.08-0.12 1.5-2.0 0.030 0.015 0.3-0.7 14.0-16.0 14.0-16.0 1.0-1.4 3TP316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 11.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 24

TP316H S31609 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 11.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 24TP316L S31603 0.035 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 10.0-15.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 25TP316N S31651 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 11.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 1,24

TP316LN S31653 0.035 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 11.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 1,24TP317 S31700 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 11.0-14.0 18.0-20.0 3.00-4.00

TP317L S31703 0.035 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 11.0-15.0 18.0-20.0 3.00-4.00TP321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 20

TP321H S32109 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 21TP347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 22

TP347H S34709 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 23TP348 S34800 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 4, 22

TP348H S34809 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 4, 23TPXM-10 S21900 0.08 8.0-10.0 0.040 0.030 1.00 5.50-7.50 19.0-21.5 - 5TPXM-11 S21904 0.04 8.0-10.0 0.040 0.030 1.00 5.50-7.50 19.0-21.5 - 5TPXM-15 S38100 0.08 2.00 0.030 0.030 1.50-2.50 17.5-18.5 17.0-19.0 -TPXM-19 S20910 0.060 4.0-6.0 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.5-13.5 20.5-23.5 1.50-3.00 6TPXM-29 S24000 0.080 11.5-14.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 2.25-3.75 17.0-19.0 - 7

S31254 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 17.5-18.5 19.5-20.5 6.00-6.50 8S30615 0.16-0.24 2.00 0.030 0.030 3.2-4.0 13.5-16.0 17.0-19.5 - 9S30815 0.05-0.10 0.80 0.040 0.030 1.40-2.00 10.0-12.0 20.0-22.0 - 10S31050 0.025 2.00 0.020 0.015 0.4 20.5-23.5 24.0-26.0 1.6-2.6 11S30600 0.018 2.00 0.020 0.020 3.7-4.3 14.0-15.5 17.0-18.5 0.20 12S31725 0.03 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 13.5-17.5 18.0-20.0 4.0-5.0 13,26S31726 0.03 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 13.5-17.5 17.0-20.0 4.0-5.0 14,26S32615 0.07 2.00 0.045 0.030 4.8-6.0 19.0-22.0 16.5-19.5 0.3-1.5 15S33228 0.04-0.08 1.00 0.020 0.015 0.30 31.0-33.0 26.0-28.0 - 16S24565 0.03 5.0-7.0 0.030 0.010 1.00 16.0-18.0 23.0-25.0 4.0-5.0 17S30415 0.04-0.06 0.80 0.045 0.030 1.00-2.00 9.0-10.0 18.0-19.0 - 18S32654 0.020 2.00-4.00 0.030 0.005 0.50 21.0-23.0 24.0-25.0 7.0-8.0 19



Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe A 312Chemical Composition (Continued)

Composition Notes1 Nitrogen 0.10-0.16%2 Niobium + Tantalum: 10 x Carbon min, 1.10% max3 Titanium 0.3-0.6%, Boron 0.004-0.008%4 Tantalum 0.10% max5 Nitrogen 0.15-0.40%6 Niobium + Tantalum: 0.10-0.30%, Nitrogen 0.20-0.40%, Vanadium 0.10-0.30%7 Nitrogen 0.20-0.40%8 Nitrogen 0.18-0.22%, Copper 0.50-1.00%9 Aluminium 0.8-1.5%10 Nitrogen 0.14-0.20%, Cerium 0.03-0.08%11 Nitrogen 0.09-0.15%12 Copper 0.50% max13 Nitrogen 0.10% max, Copper 0.75% max14 Nitrogen 0.10-0.20%, Copper 0.75% max15 Copper 1.5-2.5%16 Niobium + Tantalum: 0.6-1.0%, Cerium 0.05-0.10%, Aluminium 0.025% max17 Niobium + Tantalum: 0.1% max, Nitrogen 0.4-0.6%18 Nitrogen 0.12-0.18%, Cerium 0.03-0.08%19 Nitrogen 0.45-0.55%, Copper 0.30-0.60%20 Titanium >5 x Carbon and 0.70% max21 Titanium >4 x Carbon and 0.6% max22 Niobium + Tantalum >10 x Carbon and 1.00% max23 Niobium + Tantalum >8 x Carbon and 1.0% max24 For welded pipe the nickel range is 10.0-14.0% max25 Carbon 0.040% max is necessary for pipes where many drawing passes are required, as with

outside diameter <0.5 in (12.7 mm) or nominal wall thickness <0.049 in (1.2 mm) (minimum wall thickness <0.044 in (1.12 mm))

26 For welded pipe, Phosphorus 0.045% max27 Niobium + Tantalum: 0.2-0.5%, >15 x Carbon, Nitrogen 0.06-0.10%28 Nitrogen 0.18-0.25%, Copper 0.75% max29 Nitrogen 0.10% max, Copper 1.0-2.0%

Note- Niobium is sometimes referred to as Columbium

Grade UNSComposition Percentage, max or range

CarbonC

ManganeseMn

PhosphorusP

SulphurS

SiliconSi

NickelNi

ChromiumCr

MolybdenumMo Note

TP347LN S34751 0.005-0.020 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 27

S35315 0.04-0.08 2.00 0045 0.030 0.75 34.0-36.0 24.0-26.0 - 18N08367 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 23.50-25.50 20.0-22.0 6.00-7.00 28N08904 0.020 2.00 0.045 0.035 1.00 23.0-28.0 19.0-23.0 4.0-5.0 29

2-12



ASTM A 358/A 358M - 95aElectric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service

This specification covers electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel alloy steelpipe suitable for high temperature and general corrosive service.

Dimensions and Tolerances❍ Dimensions. This specification assumes NPS8

minimum, although there is no restriction.❍ Tolerances. ASTM pipe general requirements,

page 2-2, apply unless otherwise stated below.❍ Outside Diameter. ±0.5% of specified OD.❍ Wall Thickness. Minimum wall thickness shall be

<0.01 in (0.3 mm) under nominal thickness.❍ Out-of-Roundness. Major and minor outside

diameters to differ by less than 1%.❍ Alignment. The gap between the pipe and a 10ft

(3 m) straight edge shall <1/8 in (3 mm)❍ Length. Specified by purchaser. Circumferential

Manufacture❍ Material. Refer to chemical composition table.❍ Welding: All joints full penetration, double welded

or single welded butt joints employing fusionwelding process. Backing strips or rings, if used,must be removed after welding. Filler metalspecifications detailed in A 358 are not included inthis summary.

❍ Pipe Classes:Class 1 - Double welded by a process employingfiller metal in all passes and completelyradiographed.Class 2 - Double welded by a process employingfiller metal in all passes. No radiographyrequired.Class 3 - Single welded by a process employingfiller metal in all passes and completely

radiographed.Class 4 - As class 3 except the inside pipesurface weld may be made without filler metal.Class 5 - Double welded by a process employingfiller metal in all passes. Spot radiographyrequired.

❍ Heat treatment. Refer to heat treatment tableand supplementary requirement S5.

❍ Marking on each length of pipe: Manufacturersname or brand, specification number, ‘WR’ if weldrepaired, ‘NPS’ and schedule, ‘NH’ if nohydrotesting, Class number. Also final heattemperature: ‘HT-O’ if no final heat treatment,‘HT-temp’ where ‘temp’ is the final stabilisingtreatment temperature if specified inSupplementary Requirement S5.

Finish and Repair❍ Appearance. Finished pipe will have a

workmanlike finish.❍ Plate Defect Repair by Grinding. Defects may

be repaired by machining or grinding, providedthe wall thickness is not reduced below theminimum.

❍ Plate Defect Repair by Welding. Defects whichgive unsatisfactory wall thickens can be repairedby welding if the purchaser agrees. Repair weldsmust be suitably NDT examined or lengthspressure tested if repair depth is >1/4 wallthickness.

❍ Finish. Pipe will be free of scale andcontaminating iron particles. Bright annealed pipeneed not be pickled, or blasted. The purchasermay request a passivating treatment.



Welded Austenitic Pipe for High-Temperature Service A 358Ordering Information



Mandatory Testing❍ Heat Analysis. Performed on test ingot taken

during pouring of heat. Conformance withchemical composition table (as A 240) is required.

❍ Transverse Tension Test. One test made torepresent each lot. A lot is pipe of the same grade,welded to the same procedure and with acommon heat treatment. The maximum lot size is200 ft (60 m) of pipe.

❍ Transverse Guided-Bend Weld Test. One test,

two specimens will be tested for each lot.❍ Hydrostatic Test. Each pipe will be tested unless

agreed by purchaser.❍ Radiographic Examination. Classes 1,3 and 4

will have all welded joints radiographicallyexamined. Class 5 pipe will be spot radiographictested over not less than 12 in (300 mm) in each50 ft (15 m) of pipe. This examination may beprior to heat treatment.

Optional and Supplementary Requirements❍ Passivating Treatment may be requested by

purchaser.❍ Circumferential Welds may be permitted by

purchaser.❍ Filler Metal. High alloy filler metal may be

specified for improved corrosion resistance.❍ Repair of Plate Defects may be authorised.

S1 Product Analysis. Each length of pipe will beanalysed.

S1 Tension and Bend Tests. Test will be made onspecimens to represent each length of pipe.

S1 Penetrant Oil and Powder Test. All weldedjoints will be examined by a penetrant oil andpowder method. Methods to be agreed betweenpurchaser and vendor.

S1 Ferrite Control in Weld Deposits. Ferrite

content of the deposited weld metal will bedetermined using a method agreed betweenpurchaser and vendor.

S1 Stabilising Heat Treatment. Grades 321, 347and 348 can be given a stabilisation heattreatment at a temperature lower than that usedfor the initial solution annealing heat treatment.Temperature to be agreed between purchaserand vendor.

S1 Intergranular Corrosion Test. Performed inaccordance with Practice A 262, Practice E. S5 may be necessary to meet this requirementfor grades containing Titanium or Niobium.



Total length or number of lengths.Name of material Electric-fusion-welded austenitic stainless steel pipe.Class Class 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 - see manufacturing dataGrade Selected from chemical composition tableApplicable ASME Code If known. For ASME Code Section III applications, intended

service classification and certification requirements are required

End finish Plain ends with all burrs removed is ASTM requirement.Bevelled, or other end finishes can be specified

Test report DIN 50049.3.1.B standard, or DIN 50049.3.1.C optional (3rd party witness test) at extra cost

Options and supplementary requirements Refer to optional and supplementary requirements S1 to S6

2-14



A 358 Welded Austenitic Pipe for High-Temperature Service

Tensile Requirements

Notes- All = All grades listed in the chemical composition table other than those itemised in this table.- S24565 is not listed in ASTM A 240. The UNS designation may be S34565, if ASTM A 358 is in error. 1 Transverse tension tests across welded joint specimens ensure the tensile strength is not less than the minimum specified

for the plate in ASTM A 240/A 240M. Values in this table are therefore extracted from A 240.

Heat Treatment

Notes- All = All grades listed in the chemical composition table other than those itemised in this table.


minYield Strength

minElongation in 2 in (50 mm)

minksi MPa ksi MPa %

All All 75 515 30 205 40TP304L S30403 70 485 25 170 40TP304N S30451 80 550 35 240 30TP316L S31603 70 485 25 170 40TP316N S31603 80 550 35 240 35TPXM-19 S20910 100 690 55 380 35TPXM-29 S24000 100 690 55 380 40

S31254 94 650 44 300 35S30815 87 600 45 310 40S30600 78 540 35 240 40S31726 80 550 35 240 40S24565 115 795 60 415 35S30415 87 600 42 290 40S32654 109 750 62 430 40N08367 95 655 45 310 30



All All 1900 1040 Minimum heat treatment temperature. Quench1

S31254 2100 1150 Minimum heat treatment temperature. Quench1




N08367 2025 1107 Minimum heat treatment temperature. Quench1

Chemical Composition


CarbonC

ManganeseMn

PhosphorusP

SulphurS

SiliconSi

NickelNi

ChromiumCr

MolybdenumMo Note

TP304 S30400 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-10.50 18.00-20.00 - 15TP304L S30403 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-12.00 18.00-20.00 - 15TP304N S30451 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-10.50 18.00-20.00 - 1

TP304LN S30453 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-12.00 18.00-20.00 - 1TP309H S30909 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 12.0-15.0 22.00-24.00 -

TP309Cb S30940 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 12.00-16.00 22.00-24.00 - 2TP309S S30908 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 12.00-15.00 22.00-24.00 -

TP310Cb S31040 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.50 19.00-22.00 24.00-26.00 - 2TP310H S31009 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 19.00-22.00 24.00-26.00 -TP310S S31008 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.50 19.00-22.00 24.00-26.00 -TP316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.00-14.00 16.00-18.00 2.00-3.00 15



Notes- Heat analysis and chemical composition requirements are specified to be as for the plate in ASTM A 240/A 240M - 96.

Values in this table are therefore extracted from ASTM A 240/A 240M - 96. Additional tolerances for product analysis testing (detailed in ASTM A 480/A 480M) are not included in this summary.

- S24565 is not listed in ASTM A 240. The UNS designation may be S34565, if ASTM A 358 is in error.

Composition Notes1 Nitrogen 0.10-0.16%2 Niobium: 10 x Carbon min, 1.10% max3 Niobium 0.10-0.30%, Nitrogen 0.20-0.40%, Vanadium 0.10-0.30%4 Nitrogen 0.20-0.40%5 Nitrogen 0.18-0.22%, Copper 0.50-1.00%6 Nitrogen 0.12-0.18%, Cerium 0.03-0.08%7 Nitrogen 0.14-0.20%, Cerium 0.03-0.08%8 Nitrogen 0.20% max9 Nitrogen 0.10-0.20%10 Niobium 0.1% max, Nitrogen 0.40-0.60%11 Nitrogen 0.45-0.55%, Copper 0.30-0.60%12 Titanium: 5 x (Carbon + Nitrogen)% min, 0.70% max13 Niobium:10 x Carbon% min, 1.00% max14 Niobium + Tantalum: 10 x Carbon% min, 1.00% max; Tantalum 0.10% max, Niobium 0.20% max15 Nitrogen 0.10% max16 Nitrogen 0.18-0.25%, Copper 0.75% max17 Nitrogen 0.25-0.50%

Note- Niobium is sometimes referred to as Columbium.

TP316L S31603 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.00-14.00 16.00-18.00 2.00-3.00 15TP316N S31651 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.00-14.00 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 1TP316LN S31653 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.00-14.00 16.00-18.00 2.00-3.00 1TP316H S31609 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.00-14.00 16.00-18.00 2.00-3.00TP321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-12.00 17.00-19.00 - 12,15TP347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.00 17.00-19.00 - 13TP348 S34800 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.00 17.00-19.00 - 14

TPXM-19 S20910 0.06 4.00-6.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 11.50-13.50 20.50-23.5 1.50-3.00 3TPXM-29 S24000 0.08 11.50-14.50 0.060 0.030 0.75 2.25-3.75 17.00-19.00 - 4

S31254 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 17.50-18.50 19.50-20.50 6.00-6.50 5S30815 0.05-0.10 0.80 0.040 0.030 1.40-2.00 10.00-12.00 20.00-22.00 - 7S31725 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 13.50-17.50 18.00-20.00 4.0-5.0 8S31726 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 13.50-17.50 17.00-20.00 4.0-5.0 9

TPXM-17 S21600 0.08 7.50-9.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 5.00-7.00 17.50-22.00 2.00-3.00 17S34565 0.030 5.00-7.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 16.00-18.00 23.00-25.00 4.00-5.00 10S30415 0.04-0.06 0.80 0.045 0.030 1.00-2.00 9.00-10.00 18.00-19.00 - 6S32654 0.020 2.00-4.00 0.030 0.005 0.50 21.00-23.00 24.00-25.00 7.00-8.00 11N08367 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 23.50-25.50 20.00-22.00 6.00-7.00 16

Chemical Composition (Continued)


CarbonC

ManganeseMn

PhosphorusP

SulphurS

SiliconSi

NickelNi

ChromiumCr

MolybdenumMo Note

Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes A 358

2-16



ASTM A 376/A 376M - 96 Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High Temperature Central-Station Service

This specification covers austenitic steel pipe intended for high temperature ‘central-station’ service.


thicknesses may be specified.❍ Tolerances. ASTM pipe general requirements,

page 2-2, apply unless otherwise stated below.

❍ Straightness. Finished pipe shall be reasonablystraight.

Manufacture❍ Materials. Refer to chemical composition table. H

and N grades are specifically for high temperatureservice.

❍ Manufacture. Hot or cold finished, with suitablefinishing treatment.

❍ Heat Treatment. Refer to heat treatment table.

❍ Marking on each length of pipe: Manufacturersmake or brand, specification number, ‘WR’ if weldrepaired, ‘NPS’ and schedule, ‘NH’ if nohydrotesting, ‘S’ if pipe conforms tosupplementary requirement, number (heat ormanufacturers) to identify heat. Also, final heattemperature: ‘HT-O’ if none, or ‘HT-temp’ where‘temp’ is final heat temperature (if under 1900 °F[1040 °C]).

Finish and Repair❍ Appearance. No surface imperfections deeper

than 12.5% of nominal wall thickness.❍ Defect Removal by Grinding. Defects may be

repaired by machining or grinding, provided thewall thickness is not reduced below the minimum.Mechanical marks, abrasions or pits deeper than1/16 in (1.6 mm), removed. Scabs, seams, laps,tears or slivers deeper than 5% of nominal wall

thickness also removed.❍ Plate Defect Repair by Welding. Defects which

give unsatisfactory wall thickness can be repairedby welding if the purchaser agrees.


Mandatory Testing❍ Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Tests.

Performed on 1% of Pipe from each heat treatedlot.

❍ Flattening Test. Performed on 5% of pipe fromeach heat treated lot.

❍ Hydrostatic Test. Each pipe will be tested unlessagreed by purchaser. If the test is omitted then thepipe will be marked ‘NH’.

❍ Grain Size. TP321H grain size shall be No 7 orcoarser. Test Method E112.

❍ Lot Sizes. A lot is up to 400 lengths for pipes<NPS 2, 200 lengths for pipes NPS 2 to NPS 5,and 100 lengths for >NPS 5.



Seamless Austenitic Pipe for High Temperature Service A 376Ordering Information



Optional and Supplementary Requirements❍ Hydrostatic testing of pipe sizes >NPS 24 to

pressures above or below specified test pressureis subject to agreement with purchaser.

❍ Weld repair is subject to purchaser approval.❍ Passivating treatment may be requested.❍ Alternative heat treatment, or no heat

treatment, may be requested. Controlledstructural or special service characteristics maybe specified as a guide to the most suitable heattreatment.

S1 Product Analysis. Performed on each length ofpipe.

S1 Transverse Tension Test. Performed on HPS8and larger on specimen from one or both endsof each pipe. Tensile and yield strength, andelongation to be as specified for grade.

S1 Flattening Test. Performed on one or both endsof each pipe. Reject if fail.

S1 Etching Tests. Performed on cross section fromone or both ends of each pipe. Tests showhomogeneity of the pipe. Pipe shall be free fromharmful defects such as laminations, cracks.Reject or re-test if fail.

S1 Photomicrographs. Supplied at 100 diameters,for one end of each pipe, with sufficientidentification to associate with the pipe. Forinformation only.

S1 Ultrasonic Test. Performed on each pipe incircumferential direction, to that each piece isscarred. A reference standard must beemployed to calibrate readings. Reject if fail.

S1 Weldability - Hot Ductility Test. Performed onspecimen from heat of material supplied inheavy wall pipe sections.

S1 Retests. Performed on any part of pipe atpurchasers request. Reject if fail.

S1 Stabilisation Heat Treatment. Grades TP321,321H 347, 347H, 348 and 348H can be givenstabilisation heat treatment at a temperaturelowered than used for solution annealing heattreatment. Temperature to be agreed betweenpurchaser and vendor.

S1 S/O Intergranular Corrosion Test. Performedin accordance with Practice A 262, Practice E.S9 may be necessary to meet requirement,especially for H grades.

Item NotesSpecification number ASTM A 376/A 376M-96Size Nominal pipe size or outside diameter.


Total length or number of lengths.Name of material Seamless austenitic stainless steel pipeProcess Seamless or weldedGrade Selected from chemical composition tableEnd finish Plain ends with all burrs removed is ASTM requirement.


party witness test) at extra costOptions and supplementary requirements Refer to optional and supplementary requirements S1 to

S10

2-18



A 376 Seamless Austenitic Pipe for High Temperature Service


Notes1 Value if > NPS8 and Schedule 140 or heavier2 Value if t < 3/8 in (9.5 mm)3 Value if t > 3/8 in (9.5 mm)

Heat Treatment

Notes1 If solution temperatures above 1950°F (1065°C) are used, lower temperature final stabilisation treatment may be specified

(see Supplementary Requirement S9) to ensure intergranular corrosion resistance is not impaired. A 376 also mentions TP348H in this regard, but does not mention the grade elsewhere in the standard.

2 Quench in water or rapid cool by other means.


minYield Strength


or 4D minksi MPa ksi MPa Longit % Trans %

TP304 S30400 75(701) 515(4801) 30 205 35 25TP304H S30409 75 515 30 205 35 25

TP304LN S30453 75 515 30 205 35 25TP304N S30451 80 550 35 240 35 25TP316 S31600 75 515 30 205 35 25

TP316H S31609 75 515 30 205 35 25TP316LN S31653 75 515 30 205 35 25TP316N S31651 80 550 35 240 35 25TP321 S32100 752(703) 5152(4803) 302(253) 2052(1703) 35 25

TP321H S32109 752(703) 5152(4803) 302(253) 2052(1703) 35 25TP347 S34700 75 515 30 205 30 25

TP347H S34709 75 515 30 205 30 25TP348 S34800 75 515 30 205 30 25

16-8-2H 75 515 30 205 30 25S31725 75 515 30 205 30 25S31726 80 550 35 240 35 25



TP304 S30400 1900 1040 Min solution temp. Quench2

TP304H S30409 1900(1900) 1040(1040) Min solution temp for cold working (hot-rolled). Quench2

TP304LN S30453 1900 1040 Min heat treating temperature. Quench2

TP304N S30451 1900 1040 Min heat treating temperature. Quench2

TP316 S31600 1900 1040 Min heat treating temperature. Quench2

TP316H S31609 1900(1900) 1040(1040) Min solution temp for cold working (hot-rolled). Quench2

TP316LN S31653 1900 1040 Min heat treating temperature. Quench2

TP316N S31651 1900 1040 Min heat treating temperature. Quench2

TP321 S32100 1900 1040 1Min solution temp. Quench2

TP321H S32109 2000(1925) 1100(1050) 1Min solution temp for cold working (hot-rolled). Quench2


TP347H S34709 2000(1925) 1100(1050) 1 Min solution temp for cold working (hot-rolled). Quench2


16-8-2H 1800(1800) 980(980) Min solution temp for cold working (hot-rolled). Quench2

S31725 1900 1040 1Min solution temp. Quench2

S31726 1900 1040 1Min solution temp. Quench2



Seamless Austenitic Pipe for High Temperature Service A 376Chemical Composition

Composition Notes1 Nitrogen 0.10-0.16%2 Tantalum 0.10%3 Nitrogen 0.10% max, Copper 0.75% max4 Nitrogen 0.10-0.20, Copper 0.75% max5 Titanium > 5 x Carbon and 0.60% max6 Titanium > 4 x Carbon and 0.60% max7 Niobium + Tantalum > 10 x Carbon and 1.00% max8 Niobium + Tantalum > 8 x Carbon and 1.00% max



CarbonC

ManganeseMn

PhosphorusP

SulphurS

SiliconSi

NickelNi

ChromiumCr

MolybdenumMo Note

TP304 S30400 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 -TP304H S30409 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 -TP304N S30451 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 - 1

TP304LN S30453 0.035 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 - 1TP316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 11.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00

TP316H S31609 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 11.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00TP316N S31651 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 11.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 1

TP316LN S31653 0.035 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 11.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 1TP321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 5

TP321H S32109 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 6TP347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 7

TP347H S34709 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 8TP348 S34800 0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 2, 7

16-8-2H 0.05-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 7.5-9.50 14.5-16.5 1.5-2.0S31725 0.03 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 13.5-17.5 18.0-20.0 4.0-5.0 3S31726 0.03 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 13.5-17.5 17.0-20.0 4.0-5.0 4

2-20



ASTM A 409/A 409M - 95aWelded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-Temperature Service

This specification covers straight seam or spiral seam electric-fusion-welded, light-wall,austenitic steel pipe intended for corrosive or high temperature service. Sizes covered areNPS 14 to NPS 30 with extra light (Schedule 5S) and light (Schedule 10S) wall thickness.Pipe having other dimensions may be specified.

Dimensions and Tolerances❍ Dimensions. Pipe sizes normally furnished are

NPS 14 to NPS 30 with extra light (Schedule 5S)and light (Schedule 10S) wall thickness.

❍ Minimum Wall Thickness. At any point this mustnot be more than 0.018 in (0.46 mm) under thespecified wall thickness.

❍ Outside Diameter. For wall thicknesses<0.188 in (4.8 mm) OD tolerance is ±20%. Forwall thicknesses >0.188 in (4.8 mm) ODtolerance is ±40%.

❍ Out-of-Roundness. The difference betweenmaximum and minimum OD must be <1.5% of thespecified OD.

❍ Straightness. Deviation from 10 ft (3 m) straightedge is < 3/16 in (4.8 mm).

❍ Cut Lengths. Unless otherwise specified, pipes<NPS 22 are furnished in random lengths of 9 to12 ft. Pipes >NPS 22 are not less than 5 ft.Circumferential welding of two or more lengthsmay be specified.

Manufacture❍ Materials. Refer to chemical composition table.❍ Welding. Manual or automatic electro-welding

process. Weld surface to be flush with base plateor may have <1/16 in (2 mm) crown. Weldreinforcement removal is optional. Weld fillermetal conforms to applicable AWS specificationfor the grade. Filler metal specifications in A 409are not included in this summary.

❍ Heat Treatment. Refer to heat treatment tableand optional and supplementary requirements.No final heat treatment may be specified if theplate has already been heat treated as required.

❍ Marking on each length of pipe. Manufacturersname or trade mark, specification number, grade,manufacturer’s heat number, size, schedulenumber. Also, final heat treatment: ‘HT-O’ if none,or ‘HT-temp’ where ‘temp’ is final heattemperature (if under 1900 °F [1040 °C]), ‘HT-SO’if no heat treatment of plate.

Finish and Repair❍ Appearance. The pipe shall have a workmanlike

finish.❍ Defect Removal by Machining or Grinding.

Defects may be repaired by machining orgrinding, provided the wall thickness is notreduced below the minimum.

❍ Defect Repair by Welding. Defects which violateminimum wall thickness can be repaired bywelding if the purchaser agrees. Unless otherwisespecified, heat treatment or retreatment mustfollow repair. If the repair depth is >1/4 wallthickness pressure and nondestructive testing orretesting is required.

❍ Finish. Pipe will be free of scale andcontaminating iron particles. Bright annealed pipeneed not be pickled, blasted or have other surfacefinishing. The purchaser may request apassivating treatment.



Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe A 409Ordering Information



Mandatory Testing❍ Transverse Tension Test. One test made to

represent each lot. A lot is pipe of the same grade,welded to the same procedure and with acommon heat treatment. The maximum lot size is200 ft (60 m) of pipe with same NPS and wallthickness.

❍ Transverse Guided-Bend Weld Test. One test,two specimens will be tested for each lot.

One specimen is subject to a face guided-bendtest and the other to a root guided-bend test.Cracks <1/8 in (3 mm) are acceptable.

❍ Hydrostatic Test or Nondestructive Test. Eachpipe is subject to a pressure test ornondestructive testing of all welds. Air or gaspressure testing may be used with internalpressure of 100 psi (700 kPa) and using soapsolution on welds to detect leakage.

Optional and Supplementary Requirements❍ Type of melting may be specified.❍ Nondestructive testing of welds is subject to

purchaser agreement.❍ Weld bead may be removed at manufacturers

option or as agreed with purchaser.❍ Weld filler metal. Purchaser may request higher-

alloy filler metal when needed for corrosionresistance.

❍ Special heat treatment, or no final heattreatment, may be requested. Controlledstructural or special service characteristics maybe specified as a guide to the most suitable heattreatment. Refer to S5 also.

❍ Passivating treatment may be specified.❍ Repair by welding is subject to purchaser

agreement.❍ Surface finishing may be specified❍ Certification details may be requested.S1 Product Analysis. Analysis for each finished

sheet or plate from each heat. Conformancewith the chemical composition table is required.

S1 Radiographic Examination. Weld soundnesswill be examined as agreed with purchaser.

S1 Corrosion Requirements. Boiling Nitric Acid orAcidified Copper Sulphate test may be specifiedfor finished grade. Details in A 409 are notrepeated in this summary.

S1 Ferrite Control in Weld Deposits. Ferritecontent of deposited weld metal may bedetermined as agreed between purchaser andvendor.

S1 Stabilising Heat Treatment. Grades TP321,TP347 and TP348 can be given stabilisationheat treatment at a temperature lower than usedfor solution annealing heat treatment.Temperature to be agreed between purchaserand vendor.

S1 Intergranular Corrosion Test. Performed inaccordance with Practice A262, Practice E. S5may be necessary for TP321, TP347 andTP348.



Total length or number of lengths.Name of material Straight seam or spiral seam electro-fusion welded

austenitic stainless steel pipeGrade Selected from chemical composition tableEnd finish Plain ends with all burrs removed is ASTM requirement.



2-22



A 409 Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe


Note1 Value if wall thickness >0.187 in (4.75 mm)

Heat Treatment

Notes- All = All grades listed in the chemical composition table except those itemised in this table.1 Quench in water or rapid cool by other means.2 For grades TP321, TP347 and TP348, if solution temperatures above 1950 °F (1065 °C) are used, lower temperature final

stabilisation treatment may be specified (see Supplementary Requirement S5) to ensure intergranular corrosion resistanceis not impaired.


minYield Strength

minksi MPa ksi MPa

TP304 S30400 75 515 30 205TP304L S30403 70 485 25 170

TP309Cb S30940 75 515 30 205TP309S S30908 75 515 30 205

TP310Cb S31040 75 515 30 205TP310S S31008 75 515 30 205TP316 S31600 75 515 30 205TP316L S31603 70 485 25 170TP317 S31700 75 515 30 205TP321 S32100 75 515 30 205TP347 S34700 75 515 30 205TP348 S34800 75 515 30 205

S31254 94 650 44 300S30815 87 600 45 310S31725 75 515 30 205S31726 80 550 35 240S24565 115 795 60 415N08367 100(951) 690(6551) 45 310



All All 1900 1040 Minimum heat treating temperature. Quench1,2

S31254 2100 1150 Minimum heat treating temperature. Quench1

S30815 1920 1050 Minimum heat treating temperature. Quench1

S24565 2050-2140 1120-1170 Minimum heat treating temperature. Quench1

N08367 2025 1107 Minimum heat treating temperature. Quench1



Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe A 409Chemical Composition

Composition Notes1 Niobium + Tantalum: 10 x Carbon min, 1.10% max2 Copper 0.75% max3 Titanium < 5 x Carbon, 0.7% max4 Niobium + Tantalum < 10 x Carbon and 1.00% max5 Niobium + Tantalum < 10 x Carbon and 1.00% max, Tantalum 0.10% max6 Cerium 0.03-0.08%7 Nitrogen 0.14-0.20%8 Nitrogen 0.10% max9 Nitrogen 0.10-0.20%, Copper 0.75% max10 Nitrogen 0.4-0.6%, Niobium 0.1% max11 Nitrogen 0.180-0.220%, Copper 0.50-1.00%12 Copper 0.75% max, Nickel 0.18-0.25%



CarbonC

ManganeseMn

PhosphorusP

SulphurS

SiliconSi

NickelNi

ChromiumCr

MolybdenumMo Note

TP304 S30400 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 -TP304L S30403 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-13.0 18.0-20.0 -

TP309Cb S30940 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 12.0-16.0 22.0-24.0 0.75 1, 2TP309S S30908 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 12.0-15.0 22-24 0.75 2

TP310Cb S31040 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 19.0-22.0 24.0-26.0 0.75 1, 2TP310S S31008 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 19.0-22.0 24.0-26.0 0.75 2TP316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.0-3.0

TP316L S31603 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-15.0 16.0-18.0 2.0-3.0TP317 S31700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 11.0-14.0 18.0-20.0 3.0-4.0TP321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 3TP347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 4TP348 S34800 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 5

S31254 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 17.5-18.5 19.5-20.5 6.00-6.50 11S30815 0.05-0.10 0.80 0.040 0.030 1.40-2.00 10.0-12.0 20.0-22.0 - 6, 7S31725 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 13.5-17.5 18.0-20.0 4.0-5.0 2, 8S31726 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 13.5-17.5 17.0-20.0 4.0-5.0 9S24565 0.03 5.0-7.0 0.030 0.010 1.00 16.0-18.0 23.0-25.0 4.0-5.0 10N08367 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 23.50-25.50 20.00-22.00 6.00-7.00 12

2-24



ASTM A 731/A 731M - 91Seamless and Welded, Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Pipe

This specification covers seamless, welded ferritic and martensitic steel pipe intended forhigh-temperature and general corrosive service. Most of the grades are ferromagnetic.Note that high chromium ferritic alloys are highly sensitive to notch brittleness if cooledslowly. This is important for pipe thicker than 0.25 in (6.3 mm) if used in the as-weldedcondition.

This specification is obsolete from 1997.



page 2-2, apply unless otherwise stated.❍ Cut Lengths. All sizes available in 15 to 24 ft

lengths or as specified by purchaser. Nocircumferential welds.

Maximum length variations

Manufacture❍ Materials. Refer to chemical composition table.❍ Manufacture. Seamless or automatic welding

process with no filler metal.❍ Heat Treatment. Refer to heat treatment table.

❍ Marking on each length of pipe. Manufacturersmake or brand, specification number, grade, heatnumber, heat treatment lot identification,indication of whether seamless or weldedconstruction. For pipe >NPS 4 the mass isincluded.

Finish and Repair❍ Finish. ASTM pipe general requirements, page 2-

4, apply unless otherwise specified. Pipe ispickled free of scale.

❍ Repair by Grinding. Imperfections may beremoved by grinding provided minimum outsidediameter or wall thickness is not infringed.

❍ Repair by Welding. Not specified.

Mandatory Testing❍ Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test.

Performed on 1% of pipe from each heatedtreated lot.

❍ Flattening Test. Performed on 5% of pipe fromeach heat treated lot.

❍ Hydrostatic Test. Performed on each length ofpipe.

❍ Lot Sizes. A lot is up to 400 lengths for pipes<NPS 2, 200 lengths for pipes NPS 2 to NPS 5,and 100 lengths for pipes >NPS 5.

NPS Over Under Straightness

All1/4 in

6 mm 0

3/16 in (6 mm)in 6 ft (2 m)



Seamless and Welded, Ferritic and Martensitic Pipe A 731Ordering Information



Optional and Supplementary Requirements❍ Product Analysis. Performed on one billet, one

length of flat rolled stock or one pipe may berequested. Conformance with chemicalcomposition table is required.

S1 Product Analysis. Performed on sample from10% of lengths of pipe from each heat of steel.

S1 Transverse Tension Test. Performed on oneend of 10% of pipe. NPS8 and larger only.

S1 Flattening Test. Performed on specimen fromone end of each length of pipe.

S1 Etching Tests. Performed on transverse sectionof one end of each pipe in accordance withMethod E 340.

S1 Nondestructive Electric Test. As agreed withpurchaser.

S1 Intergranular Corrosion Test. Performed inaccordance with Practice A763.


Item NotesSpecification number ASTM 731/A 731M - 91Size Nominal pipe size or outside diameter.


Total length or number of lengths.Name of material Ferritic and martensitic stainless steel pipeProcess Seamless or weldedGrade Selected from chemical composition tableEnd finish Plain ends with all burrs removed is ASTM requirement.




minYield Strength


or 4D minksi MPa ksi MPa %

18Cr-2Mo S44400 60 415 40 275 20TPXM-33 S44626 65 450 40 275 20TPXM-27 S44627 65 450 40 275 20

TP439 S43035 60 415 30 205 2029-4 S44700 80 550 60 415 20

29-4-2 S44800 80 550 60 415 2026-3-3 S44660 85 585 65 450 20

S41500 115 795 90 620 15

2-26



A 731 Seamless and Welded, Ferritic and Martensitic Pipe

Heat Treatment

Note- All = All ferritic grades listed in the chemical composition table except the martensitic grade S41500.


Composition Notes1 Nitrogen 0.035% max, Titanium + Niobium = 0.20% + 4 x (Carbon + Nitrogen) min, 0.80% max2 Copper 0.20%, Nitrogen 0.040% max,

Titanium: 7 x (Carbon + Nitrogen) but not less than 0.20% min, 1.00% max3 Niobium 0.05-0.20%, Copper 0.20%, Nitrogen 0.015%4 Aluminium 0.15%, Nitrogen 0.04% max,

Titanium: 0.20% + 4 x (Carbon + Nitrogen) min, 1.10% max.5 Copper 0.15% max, Nitrogen 0.020%, Carbon + Nitrogen = 0.025% max6 Nitrogen 0.040% max, Titanium + Niobium = 0.20-100% and 6 x (Carbon + Nitrogen) min7 For small pipe (OD <1.315 in [33.4 mm]): Carbon 0.015% max is necessary since many reduction

passes may be required.




All All 1400 760 Minimum final heat treatment temperature. Cool as appropriate to meet requirement

S41500 950 510 Minimum final heat treatment temperature. Cool as appropriate to meet requirement


CarbonC

ManganeseMn

PhosphorusP

SulphurS

SiliconSi

NickelNi

ChromiumCr

MolybdenumMo Note

Ferritic stainless steels:18Cr-2Mo S44400 0.025 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.00 17.5-19.5 1.75-2.50 1TPXM-33 S44626 0.06 0.75 0.04 0.02 0.75 0.50 25.0-27.0 0.75-1.50 2TPXM-27 S44627 0.01 0.40 0.02 0.02 0.40 0.50 25.0-27.5 0.75-1.50 3,7

TP439 S43035 0.07 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 17.00-19.00 - 429-4 S44700 0.010 0.30 0.025 0.020 0.20 0.15 28.0-30.0 3.5-4.2 5

29-4-2 S44800 0.010 0.30 0.025 0.020 0.20 2.0-2.5 28.0-30.0 3.5-4.2 526-3-3 S44660 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.0-3.50 25.0-28.0 3.0-3.50 6

Martensitic stainless steel:S41500 0.05 0.05-1.0 0.03 0.03 0.06 3.5-5.5 11.5-14.0 0.5-1.0



ASTM A 790/A 790M - 95Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex)

Stainless Steel Pipe

This specification covers seamless and straight seam welded duplex stainless steel pipeintended for general corrosive service, the materials giving good resistance to stresscorrosion cracking. The materials may become brittle if used for prolonged periods at hightemperatures.

Dimensions and Tolerances❍ Dimensions All standard pipe sizes and wall


page 2-2, apply unless otherwise stated.

❍ Cut lengths. Pipe sizes to NPS 8 are available in15 to 24 ft lengths or as specified by purchaser.No circumferential welds. Pipe shall bereasonably straight.

Manufacture❍ Materials. Refer to chemical composition table.❍ Manufacture. Made by the seamless or an

automatic welding process with no addition offiller metal. The pipe may be either hot or cold-finished.

❍ Heat treatment. Refer to the heat treatment

table. All pipe is furnished heat treated.❍ Marking on each length of pipe. Manufacturers

make or brand, specification number, grade,indication of whether seamless or weldedconstruction. For pipe >NPS 4 the weight isincluded.

Finish and Repair❍ Appearance. Finished pipe will have a

workmanlike finish.❍ Repair by Grinding. Defects may be repaired by

grinding. Provided the wall thickness is notreduced below the minimum.

❍ Repair by Welding. Not specified.❍ Finish. Pipe is pickled free of scale. Bright

annealed pipe need not be pickled.


test per heat treated lot of not more than 100pipes. Tests on specimens from two pipes for lots>100.

❍ Flattening Test. 5% of pipe or at least 2 pipes tobe tested, from each heat treated lot. For pipe>NPS 10 transverse guided weld tests may beperformed in place of the flattening test.

❍ Hydrostatic Test. Each length of pipe will betested. An S value 50% of the specified yieldstrength shall be used (see page 2-5). The testcan be omitted if the purchaser so specifies.

❍ Nondestructive Electric Test. May be specifiedby purchaser instead of or in addition tohydrostatic test. All processing must becompleted before testing. Either Ultrasonic orEddy Current testing may be used, or both. Theoperator must be qualified. A reference standardmust be employed to calibrate the testingequipment.

❍ Heat Analysis. To be performed on each heat ofsteel by the steel manufacturer.

2-28



A 790 Seamless and Welded Duplex Pipe




Operational Requirements❍ Product Analysis of one billet, or one length of

flat rolled stock from each heat, or two pipes fromeach lot, may be requested. Conformance withchemical composition table is required.

S1 Product Analysis. Performed on 1 in 10lengths of pipe >NPS 5, or on 10% of lengths ofpipe <NPS 5, per heat of steel if smaller.

S1 Tranverse Tension Tests. For NPS 8 andlarger only, test performed on one end of 10% ofpipe lengths per heat of steel.

S1 Flattening Test. Performed on one or both endsof each pipe. If this supplementary requirementis specified then the number of tests per pipemust to stated.

S1 Etching Tests. Etching tests will show thehomogeneity of pipes and are made on a crosssection from one or both ends of a pipe inaccordance with appropriate portions of MethodE381.

Tensile and Hardness Requirements

Item NotesSpecification number ASTM A 790/A 790M - 95Size Nominal pipe size or outside diameter.


Total length or number of lengths.Name of material Duplex stainless steel pipeProcess Seamless or welded duplex stainless steel pipeGrade Selected from chemical composition tableEnd finish Plain ends with all burrs removed is ASTM requirement.



UNSTensile Strength

minYield Strength


(50 mm) minHardness

max

ksi MPa ksi MPa % BrinellHB

RockwellHRC

S31803 90 620 65 450 25 290 30.5S31500 92 630 64 440 30 290 30.5S32550 110 760 80 550 15 297 31.5S31200 100 690 65 450 25 280 -S31260 100 690 65 450 25 - -S32304 87 600 58 400 25 290 30.5S39274 116 800 80 550 15 310 -S32750 116 800 80 550 15 310 32S32760 109-130 750-895 80 550 25 270 -S32900 90 620 70 485 20 271 28S32950 100 690 70 480 20 290 30.5S39277 120 825 90 620 25 290 30



Seamless and Welded Duplex Pipe A 790Heat Treatment


Composition Notes1 Copper 1.5-2.5%2 Copper 0.20-0.80%, Tungsten 0.10-0.50%3 Copper 0.05-0.60%4 Copper 0.20-0.80%, Tungsten 1.50-2.50%5 Copper 0.50% max6 Copper 0.50-1.00%, Tungsten 0.50-1.00%7 Chromium + (3.3 x Molybdenum) + (16 x Nitrogen) = 40 min8 Copper 1.2-2.0%, Tungsten 0.8-1.2%

Note- Tungsten is sometimes referred to as Wolfram.

UNS Temperature°F


S31803 1870-2010 1020-1100 Treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS31500 1800-1900 980-1040 Treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS31200 1920-2010 1050-1100 Treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in waterS32550 1900 min 1040 min Treatment temperature. Rapid cooling in air or waterS31260 1870-2010 1020-1100 Treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in waterS32304 1700-1920 925-1050 Treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS39274 1920-2060 1050-1125 Treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS32750 1880-2060 1025-1125 Treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS32760 2010-2085 1100-1140 Treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS32900 1700-1750 925-955 Treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS32950 1820-1880 990-1025 Treatment temperature range. Air coolS39277 1975-2155 1080-1180 Treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or water

UNSComposition Percentage, max or range

CarbonC

ManganeseMn

PhosphorusP

SulphurS

SiliconSi

NickelNi

ChromiumCr

MolybdenumMo

NitrogenN Note

S31803 0.030 2.0 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.50-6.50 21.0-23.0 2.50-3.50 0.08-0.20S31500 0.030 1.20-2.00 0.030 0.030 1.40-2.00 4.25-5.25 18.0-19.0 2.50-3.00 0.05-0.10S32550 0.040 1.5 0.040 0.030 1.0 4.50-6.50 24.0-27.0 2.90-3.90 0.10-0.25 1S31200 0.030 2.0 0.045 0.030 1.0 5.50-6.50 24.0-26.0 1.20-2.00 0.14-0.20S31260 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.030 0.75 5.50-7.50 24.0-26.0 2.50-3.50 0.10-0.30 2S32304 0.030 2.50 0.040 0.040 1.0 3.0-5.5 21.5-24.5 0.05-0.60 0.05-0.20 3S39274 0.030 1.0 0.030 0.020 0.80 6.0-8.0 24.0-26.0 2.50-3.50 0.24-0.32 4S32750 0.030 1.2 0.035 0.020 0.8 6.0-8.0 24.0-26.0 3.0-5.0 0.24-0.32 5

S32760 0.05 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 6.00-8.00 24.00-26.00 3.00-4.00 0.20-0.30 6,7

S32900 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 2.50-5.00 23.00-28.00 1.00-2.00 -

S32950 0.03 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 3.50-5.20 26.00-29.00 1.00-2.50 0.15-0.35

S39277 0.025 0.80 0.025 0.002 0.80 6.5-8.00 24.00-26.00 3.00-4.00 0.23-0.33 8

2-30



ASTM A 813/A 813M - 95Single- or Double- Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe

This specification covers two classes (SW and DW) of fit-up and alignment qualitystraight-seam single- or double-welded austenitic steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service. Class SW is single-welded pipe and ClassDW is double-welded pipe, both with no addition of filler metal.


thicknesses may be specified, subject tomanufacturing limitations.

❍ Tolerances. Cross-sectional tolerances areshown in the table below. Closer OD tolerancescan be obtained by agreement. Weldreinforcement is <20% of wall thickness on insideand outside of pipe.

❍ Straightness. Camber shall be <3/16 in (4.8 mm)from straight per 10 ft (3m) length.

❍ Cut lengths and Length Tolerances. Standard.ASTM pipe general requirements, page 2-3,apply.

Outside diameter and ovality tolerances Wall thickness tolerances

Manufacture❍ Materials. Refer to chemical composition table.❍ Manufacture. The pipe is manufactured by

machine-welding or an automatic-weldingprocess, welding from one or both sides andproducing full penetration welds with no additionof filler metal.

❍ Heat Treatment. Refer to heat treatment table. Allpipe except pipe >NPS 6 is furnished in heattreated condition. Purchaser may specify no heattreatment for pipe >NPS 6, provided the requiredheat treatment if applied by the purchaser.

❍ Marking on each length of pipe: Manufacturer’smake or brand, specification number, SW or ‘DW’,‘WR’ if weld repaired, ‘NH’ if no hydro-testing,‘HT-0’ if no heat treatment. For H grades, heatnumber and heat treatment lot identificationincluded.

Finish and Repair❍ Appearance. Pipes to be free of injurious

imperfections and have a workmanlike finish.❍ Repairs by Grinding. Minor imperfections may

be removed by grinding provided wall thickness isnot reduced below minimum.

❍ Weld Repairs. Weld joints may be repaired bywelding using compatible filler metal.

❍ Finish. Pipes are pickled free of scale. Brightannealed pipe need not be pickled.

NPSOutside Diameter (OD)

± Ovality

in mm %OD<11/4 0.010 0.25 <1.5

>11/4 to 6 0.020 0.5 <1.5>6 to 18 0.030 0.75 <1.5>18 to 24 0.040 1.0 <1.5

30 0.050 1.25 <1.5

NPS Wall Thickness (t) Maximum Variation in t

±in mmAll <0.188 <4.8 12%

All >0.188 >4.8 0.030 in (0.08 mm)



Single- or Double- Welded Austenitic Steel Pipe A 813Ordering Information



Mandatory Testing❍ Visual Examination of DW Pipe. Both ends of

each pipe to be examined for complete fusion ofboth welds.

❍ Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test. Onetest on a specimen for lots of <100 pipes. Forpipes >NPS 6, transverse tension test across theweld is performed.

❍ Flattening Test. Performed on 5% of each heattreated lot. For >NPS 10, alternative transverse-guided bend test may be performed.


Optional and Supplementary Requirements❍ Product Analysis of one length of flat rolled

stock from each heat, or one pipe from each lot,may be requested. Conformance with chemicalcomposition table is required.

❍ No Heat Treatment may be requested for pipe>NPS 6.

S1 Product Analysis. Performed on 1 in 10lengths of pipe.

S1 Transverse Tension Tests. For pipe >NPS 8,performed on specimen from one end of 1 in 10lengths.

S1 Flattening Tests. Performed on specimen fromone or both ends of each pipe.

S1 Etching Tests. Performed on cross section fromone or both ends of each pipe. Tests showhomogeneity of the pipe. Pipe shall be free fromharmful defects such as laminations, cracks.Reject or re-test if fail.

S1 Eddy Current Examination. Performed asagreed between purchaser and vendor todetermine pipe soundness.

S1 Ultrasonic Examination. Performed as agreedbetween purchaser and vendor to determinepipe soundness.

S1 Radiographic Examination. Performed asagreed between purchaser and vendor todetermine weld soundness.

S1 Corrosion Requirements. Boiling Nitric Acid orAcidified Copper Sulphate test may be specifiedfor finished grade.



Total length or number of lengths.Name of material Welded austenitic stainless steel pipeClass SW or DWGrade Selected from chemical composition tableEnd finish Plain ends with all burrs removed is ASTM requirement.



2-32



A 813 Single- or Double- Welded Austenitic Steel Pipe


Note- All = All grades listed in the chemical composition table except those identified in this table.

Heat Treatment

Note- All = All grades listed in the chemical composition table except those identified in this table.1 Quench in water or rapid cool by other means


minYield Strength

minksi MPa ksi MPa

All All 75 515 30 205TP304L S30403 70 485 25 170TP304N S30451 80 550 35 240TP316L S31603 70 485 25 170TP316N S31651 80 550 35 240

TPXM-10 S21900 90 620 50 345TPXM-11 S21903 90 620 50 345TPXM-19 S20910 100 690 55 380TPXM-29 S24000 100 690 55 380

S31254 94 650 44 300S30815 87 600 45 310













CarbonC

ManganeseMn

PhosphorusP

SulphurS

SiliconSi

NickelNi

ChromiumCr

MolybdenumMo Note

TP304 S30400 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 -TP304H S30409 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 -TP304L S30403 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-13.0 18.0-20.0 - 15TP304N S30451 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 - 1

TP304LN S30453 0.035 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 - 1TP309Cb S30940 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 12.00-16.00 22.00-24.00 0.75 2, 3TP309S S30908 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 12.00-15.00 22.00-24.00 0.75 3

TP310Cb S31040 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 19.00-22.00 24.00-26.00 0.75 2, 3



Composition Notes1 Nitrogen 0.10-0.16%2 Niobium + Tantalum: 10 x Carbon min, 1.10% max3 Copper 0.75% max4 Tantalum 0.10% max5 Nitrogen 0.15-0.40%6 Niobium + Tantalum: 0.10-0.30%, Nitrogen 0.20-0.40%, Vanadium 0.10-0.30%7 Nitrogen 0.20-0.40%8 Nitrogen 0.180-0.220%, Copper 0.50-1.00%9 Nitrogen 0.14-0.20%, Cerium 0.03-0.08%10 Titanium: 5 x Carbon min, 0.70% max11 Titanium: 4 x Carbon min, 0.60% max12 Niobium + Tantalum >10 x Carbon and 1.00% max13 Niobium + Tantalum >8 x Carbon and 1.0% max14 Nitrogen 0.18-0.25%, Copper 0.75% max15 Carbon 0.040% max is necessary for pipes where many drawing passes are required, as with

outside diameter <0.5in (12.7mm) or nominal wall thickness <0.049 in (1.2 mm) (minimum wall thickness <0.044 in (1.12 mm))

TP310S S31008 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 19.00-22.00 24.00-26.00 0.75 3TP316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00

TP316H S31609 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00TP316L S31603 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-15.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 15TP316N S31651 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 1

TP316LN S31653 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 1TP317 S31700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 11.0-14.0 18.0-20.0 3.00-4.00TP317L S31703 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 11.0-15.0 18.0-20.0 3.00-4.00TP321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 10

TP321H S32109 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 11TP347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 12

TP347H S34709 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 13TP348 S34800 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 4, 12


S31254 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 17.50-18.50 19.50-20.50 6.00-6.50 8S30815 0.10 0.80 0.040 0.030 1.40-2.00 10.0-12.0 20.0-22.0 - 9N08367 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 23.50-25.50 20.00-22.00 6.00-7.00 14

Chemical Composition (Continued)


CarbonC

ManganeseMn

PhosphorusP

SulphurS

SiliconSi

NickelNi

ChromiumCr

MolybdenumMo Note

Single- or Double- Welded Austenitic Steel Pipe A 813

2-34



ASTM A 814/A 814M - 96Cold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe

This specification covers two classes (SW and DW) of flanged and cold-bending qualitycold-worked straight-seam single- or double-welded austenitic steel pipe intended forhigh-temperature and general corrosive service. Class SW is single-welded pipe andClass DW is double-welded pipe, both with no addition of filler metal.

Note:Tensile Requirements, Heat Treatment, and Chemical Composition requirements are thesame as defined in ASTM A 813/A 813M - 95, page 2-30.


thicknesses may be specified (see Section 5),subject to manufacturing limitations.

❍ Tolerances. Cross-sectional tolerances areshown in the table below. Weld may be undercutby shallow round depressions of <0.005 in(0.127 mm) max. on inside or outside, providedminimum wall thickness is not encroached.

For pipe with wall thickness >0.188 in (4.8 mm),weld reinforcement up to 0.015 in (0.38 mm) ispermitted on inside of pipe.

❍ Straightness. Camber shall be <0.030 in(0.8 mm) from straight per 10 ft (3m) length.

❍ Cut lengths and Length Tolerances. ASTMpipe general requirements, page 2-3, apply.

Cross-sectional tolerances

Manufacture❍ Materials. As for A 813/A 813M.❍ Manufacture. As for A 813/A 813M. In addition,

prior to final heat treatment, the weld bead is coldworked by forging, planishing, drawing, swagingor bead rolling to obtain flush condition inside andoutside pipe.

❍ Heat Treatment. As for A 813/A 813M.

❍ Marking on each length of pipe: Manufacturer’smake or brand, specification number, class ‘SW’or ‘DW’, ’WR’ if weld repaired, ‘NH’ if no hydro-testing, ‘HT-0’ if no heat treatment. For H gradesand S30815, heat number and heat treatment lotidentification included.

NPS

Variation in Outside Diameter (OD) Variation in Wall Thickness (t) ±

Under Over Schedule 5S Schedule 10S Schedule 40S Schedule 80Sin mm in mm in mm in mm in mm in mm

1/8 0.002 0.05 0.004 0.10 - - 0.004 0.10 0.005 0.13 0.006 0.151/4 0.003 0.07 0.005 0.13 - - 0.005 0.13 0.006 0.15 0.009 0.233/8 0.004 0.10 0.006 0.15 - - 0.005 0.13 0.006 0.15 0.010 0.251/2 0.005 0.13 0.007 0.18 0.005 0.13 0.006 0.15 0.009 0.23 0.011 0.283/4 0.007 0.18 0.010 0.25 0.005 0.13 0.006 0.15 0.009 0.23 0.011 0.281 0.007 0.18 0.010 0.25 0.005 0.13 0.009 0.23 0.011 0.28 0.014 0.36

11/4 0.008 0.20 0.012 0.30 0.005 0.13 0.009 0.23 0.011 0.28 0.014 0.36

11/2 0.008 0.20 0.015 0.38 0.005 0.13 0.009 0.23 0.011 0.28 0.015 0.382 0.008 0.28 0.018 0.46 0.005 0.13 0.009 0.23 0.011 0.28 0.015 0.38

21/2 0.009 0.23 0.020 0.51 0.005 0.13 0.010 0.25 0.015 0.38 0.020 0.513 0.010 0.25 0.025 0.64 0.006 0.15 0.010 0.25 0.015 0.38 0.020 0.51

31/2 0.010 0.25 0.025 0.64 0.006 0.15 0.010 0.25 0.018 0.46 0.020 0.514 0.010 0.25 0.250 0.64 0.006 0.15 0.010 0.25 0.019 0.48 0.020 0.51



Cold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe A 814Ordering Information



Finish and Repair❍ Appearance. Pipes to be free of injurious

imperfections and have a workmanlike finish.❍ Repairs by Grinding. Minor imperfections may

be removed by grinding provided wall thickness is

not reduced below minimum.❍ Weld Repairs. Weld joints may be repaired by

welding using compatible filler metal.❍ Finish. Pipes are pickled free of scale. Bright

Mandatory Testing❍ Visual Examination of DW Pipe. Both ends of

each pipe to be examined for complete fusion ofboth welds.

❍ Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test. Onetest on a specimen for lots of <100 pipes, two forlots >100 pipes.

❍ Flattening Test. Performed on 5% of each heattreated lot. For >NPS 10, alternative transverse-guided bend test may be performed.

❍ Hydrostatic Test. Performed on each pipe.❍ Lot Sizes. A lot is up to 400 lengths for pipes

<NPS 2, 200 lengths for pipes NPS 2 to NPS 5,and 100 lengths for pipes >NPS 5.

Optional and Supplementary Requirements❍ Product Analysis of one length of flat rolled

stock from each heat, or one pipe from each lot,may be requested. Conformance with chemicalcomposition table is required.

S1 Product Analysis. Performed on 1 in 10lengths of pipe.

S1 Transverse Tension Tests. For pipe > NPS 8,performed on specimen from one end of 1 in 10lengths.

S1 Flattening Tests. Performed on specimen fromone or both ends of each pipe.

S1 Etching Tests. Performed on cross section fromone or both ends of each pipe. Tests show homogeneity of the pipe. Pipe shall

be free from harmful defects such aslaminations, cracks. Reject or re-test if fail.

S1 Eddy Current Examination. Performed asagreed between purchaser and vendor todetermine pipe soundness.

S1 Ultrasonic Examination. Performed as agreedbetween purchaser and vendor.

S1 Corrosion Requirements. Boiling Nitric Acid orAcidified Copper Sulphate test may be specifiedfor finished grade.

S1 Flange Test. Performed on one section of pipe.Flange shall be >15% of OD.



Total length or number of lengths.Name of material Welded austenitic stainless steel pipeClass SW or DW. If not specified, either may be suppliedGrade Selected from chemical composition tableEnd finish Plain ends with all burrs removed is ASTM requirement.



2-36



ASTM A 928/A 928M - 94Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex) Stainless Steel Pipe Electric Fusion Welded with Addition of Filler Metal

This specification covers electric-fusion-welded steel pipe suitable for corrosive service.Five classes of pipe are covered.



page 2-2, apply.

Manufacture❍ Materials. As listed in the heat treatment table.❍ Manufacture. Five classes of pipe are as follows:

Class 1 - Double-welded pipe, welded using fillermetal in all passes and radiographed completely.Class 2 - Double-welded pipe, welded using fillermetal in all passes but not radiographed.Class 3 - Single-welded pipe, welded using fillermetal in all passes and radiographed completely.Class 4 - Same as Class 3 except that weld passexposed to the inside of the pipe surface may bemade without filler metal.

Class 5 - Double-welded pipe, welded using fillermetal in all passes and spot radiographed.

❍ Heat treatment. Refer to heat treatment table.❍ Marking on each length of pipe: Manufacturer’s

make or brand, specification number, class, ’WR’if weld repaired, ‘NH’ if no hydro-testing, ‘HT-0’ ifno heat treatment. For H grades and S30815,heat number and heat treatment lot identificationincluded.


finish.❍ Defect Removal by Machining or Grinding.

Defects may be repaired by machining orgrinding, provided the wall thickness is notreduced below the minimum.

❍ Defect Repair by Welding. Defects which violateminimum wall thickness can be repaired bywelding if the purchaser agrees.

Unless otherwise specified, heat treatment orretreatment must follow repair. If the repair depthis >1/4 wall thickness, pressure andnondestructive testing or retesting is required.

❍ Finish. Pipe will be free of scale andcontaminating iron particles. Bright annealed pipeneed not be pickled, blasted or have other surfacefinishing. The purchaser may request apassivating treatment.

Mandatory Testing❍ Heat Analysis. To be performed on the plate in

accordance with ASTM A 240 (see page 1-14). ❍ Transverse Guided-Bend Weld Test. One test

(two specimens) per lot. One face guided- andone root guided-bend test performed. For wallthicknesses >3/8 in (9.5 mm) to <3/4 in (19 mm),alternative side-bend tests may be performed. Forwall thicknesses >3/4 in (19 mm), side-bend testsare performed. Cracks after bending <1/8 in(3 mm) are acceptable.

❍ Nondestructive Test. Hydrostatic or eddycurrent test to be performed on each pipe.

❍ Radiographic Examination. Performed prior toheat treatment in accordance with ASME Boilerand Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIIIparagraph UW-51 (for Classes 1, 3 and 4), or UW-52 (for Class 5). For Classes 1, 3 and 4 pipe, allwelded joints are examined completely. For Class5, welded joints are spot radiographed over 12 in(300 mm) minimum, every 50 ft (15m).




Duplex Pipe Welded with Filler Metal A 928Ordering Information



Optional and Supplementary Requirements❍ Product Analysis. If requested by purchaser,

performed on one length of flat rolled stock fromeach heat, or on the base metal and weld depositfrom two pipes in each lot.

❍ Circumferential Welded Joints. Permitted if ofthe same quality as longitudinal welds, and ifagreed with purchaser.

❍ Repair of plate defects by welding andsubsequent heat treatment requires authorisation

S1 Product Analysis. Performed on each length ofpipe.

S1 Tension and Bend Tests. As mandatory testingbut performed on each length of pipe.

S1 Penetration Oil and Powder Examination. Allwelded joints to be subjected to examination bya method agreed with the purchaser

S1 Ferrite Control in Weld Deposits. The ferritecontent of the deposited weld metal in anylength of pipe may be determined by a methodagreed with the purchaser.



Total length or number of lengths.Name of material Electric-fusion-welded duplex stainless steel pipeClass 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5Grade Selected from chemical composition tableApplicable ASME Code If known. For ASME Code Section III applications, intended

service classification and certification requirements are required.

End finish Plain ends with all burrs removed is ASTM requirement.Bevelled, or other end finishes can be specified.

Test report DIN 50049.3.1.B standard, or DIN 50049.3.1.C optional (3rd party witness test) at extra cost

Options and supplementary requirements Refer to optional and supplementary requirements S1 to S4

2-38



A 928 Duplex Pipe Welded with Filler Metal


Note- Tensile and hardness requirements are the same as for the plate from which the pipe is made (ASTM A 240/A 240M).

The above values are therefore extracted from ASTM A 240/A 240M - 1996, except the values for S31500 which are assumed to be the same as required in ASTM A 790/A 790M - 1995.

Heat Treatment

Chemical CompositionRefer to the ASTM A 240 Comparative Chemistry Table, page 1-14, for the chemicalcomposition of the grades listed in the heat treatment table.

UNSTensile Strength

minYield Strength

minElongation in

2 in (50 mm) minBrinell

HardnessHB

RockwellHardness

HRCksi MPa ksi MPa % max max

S31803 90 620 65 450 25 293 31S31500 92 630 64 440 30 290 30.5S32550 110 760 80 550 15 302 32S31200 100 690 65 450 25 293 31S31260 100 690 70 485 20 290 -S32304 87 600 58 400 25 290 32S32750 116 795 80 550 15 310 32S32760 108 750 80 550 25 270 -S32900 90 620 70 485 15 269 28S32950 100 690 70 485 15 293 32

UNS Temperature°F


S31803 1870-2010 1020-1100 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS31500 1800-1900 980-1040 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS31200 1920-2010 1050-1100 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in waterS32550 1900 min 1040 min Heat treatment temperature. Rapid cooling in air or waterS31260 1870-2010 1020-1100 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in waterS32304 1700-1920 925-1050 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS32750 1880-2060 1025-1125 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS32900 1700-1750 925-955 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS32950 1820-1880 990-1025 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or water



ASTM A 943/A 943M - 95Spray-Formed Seamless Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe

This specification covers spray-formed seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe intendedfor high temperature and general corrosive service.


thicknesses may be specified (see Section 5).❍ Tolerances. ASTM pipe general requirements,

page 2-2, apply.

Manufacture❍ Materials. As listed in the heat treatment table.❍ Manufacture. The pipe is made by spraying the

melt on to a thin walled collector tube. The as-spray formed pipe is machined on inner and outersurfaces.

❍ Heat treatment. Refer to heat treatment table.

❍ Marking on each length of pipe: Manufacturer’smake or brand, specification number, ‘NH’ if nohydro-testing, ‘CF’ if cold finishing is performed,‘S7’ if minimum wall pipe. For H grades andS30815 add: heat number, heat treatment and lotidentification.


finish.❍ Defect Removal. Defects may be repaired by

machining or grinding, provided the wall thicknessis not reduced below the minimum.



test per lot of not more than 100 pipes. ❍ Flattening Test. Tests on 5% of pipe, or not less

than two pipes, from each heat treated lot. ❍ Nondestructive Test. Hydrostatic or

nondestructive electric test to be performed oneach pipe.

❍ Grain Size. Performed, when required, inaccordance with Test Method E 112, on the samequantity of pipes as for the flattening test. Grades TP304H, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H andTP348H shall be ASTM No. 7 or coarser. Grades TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H andTP310HCb shall be ASTM No. 6 or coarser.


performed on two pipes per lot.

S1 Product Analysis. To be performed on 10% ofpipe lengths.

S1 Traverse Tension Tests. To be performed on10% of pipe lengths if >NPS 8.

S1 Flattening Test. To be performed on one orboth ends of each pipe.

S1 Etching Tests. To be performed on one or bothends of each pipe in accordance with Method E381 as appropriate.

S1 Stabilising Heat Treatment. Applicable togrades TP309HCb, TP310HCb, TP321,TP321H, TP347, TP347H and TP348H.Stabilisation heat treatment is at temperaturelower than used for initial solution annealing.Temperature to be agreed with purchaser.

S1 Intergranular Corrosion Test. Material to betested in accordance with Practice A 262,Practice E. S5 may be necessary to obtain pass.

S1 Minimum Wall Pipe. Pipe to be furnished onminimum wall basis.

2-40



A 943 Spray-Formed Seamless Austenitic Pipe





Note- All = All grades listed or referenced in the chemical composition table except those identified in this table.

Heat Treatment

Notes- All = All grades listed or referenced in the chemical composition table except those identified in this table.1 Quench in water or rapid cool by other means


Schedule or average wall thickness.Specify supplementary requirement S7 for minimum wall.

Quantity Random or specified lengths.Total length or number of lengths.

Name of material Austenitic stainless steel pipe.Grade Selected from the chemical composition table.End finish Plain ends with all burrs removed is ASTM requirement.


party witness test) at extra cost.Options and supplementary requirements Refer to optional and supplementary requirements S1 to S7.

Grade UNSTensile Strength min Yield Strength min Elongation in 2 in (50 mm) or

4D, min

ksi MPa ksi MPa Longitudinal%

Transverse%

All All 75 515 30 205 35 25TP304L S30403 70 485 25 170 - -TP304N S30451 80 550 35 240 - -TP316L S31603 70 485 25 170 - -TP316N S31651 80 550 35 240 - -TPXM-10 S21900 90 620 50 345 - -TPXM-11 S21903 90 620 50 345 - -TPXM-19 S20910 100 690 55 380 - -TPXM-29 S24000 100 690 55 380 - -

S31254 94 650 44 300 - -S30815 87 600 45 310 - -













Spray-Formed Seamless Austenitic Pipe A 943Chemical Composition


CarbonC

ManganeseMn

PhosphorusP

SulphurS

SiliconSi

NickelNi

ChromiumCr

MolybdenumMo Note

TP304 S30400 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 -TP304H S30409 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 -TP304L S30403 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-13.0 18.0-20.0 - 14TP304N S30451 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 - 1TP304LN S30453 0.035 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 8.00-11.0 18.0-20.0 - 1TP309Cb S30940 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 12.00-16.00 22.00-24.00 0.75 2, 3TP309S S30908 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 12.00-15.00 22.00-24.00 0.75 3

TP310Cb S31040 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 19.00-22.00 24.00-26.00 0.75 2, 3TP310S S31008 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 19.00-22.00 24.00-26.00 0.75 3TP316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00

TP316H S31609 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00TP316L S31603 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-15.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 14TP316N S31651 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 1TP316LN S31653 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 10.0-14.0 16.0-18.0 2.00-3.00 1

TP317 S31700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 11.0-14.0 18.0-20.0 3.00-4.00TP317L S31703 0.035 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 11.0-15.0 18.0-20.0 3.00-4.00TP321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 10

TP321H S32109 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 11TP347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 12

TP347H S34709 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 13TP348 S34800 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 9.00-13.0 17.0-20.0 - 4, 12


- S31254 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 17.50-18.50 19.50-20.50 6.00-6.50 8- S30815 0.10 0.80 0.040 0.030 1.40-2.00 10.0-12.0 20.0-22.0 - 9

TP309H S30909 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 12.0-15.0 22.0-24.0 -TP309HCb S30941 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 12.0-16.0 22.0-24.0 0.75 2

TP310H S31009 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 19.0-22.0 24.0-26.0 -TP310HCb 0.04-0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 0.75 19.0-22.0 24.0-26.0 0.75 2

- S31050 0.25 2.00 0.020 0.015 0.4 20.5-23.5 24.0-26.0 1.6-2.6 15- S30600 0.018 2.00 0.02 0.02 3.7-4.3 14.0-15.5 17.0-18.5 0.20 16- S31725 0.03 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 13.5-17.5 18.0-20.0 4.0-5.0 17- S31726 0.03 2.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 13.5-17.5 17.0-22.0 4.0-5.0 18- S32615 0.07 2.00 0.045 0.030 04.8-6.0 19.0-22.0 16.5-19.5 0.3-1.5 19- S34565 0.03 5.0-7.0 0.030 0.010 1.00 16.0-18.0 23.0-25.0 4.0-5.0 20

2-42



A 943 Spray-Formed Seamless Austenitic Pipe

Composition Notes1 Nitrogen 0.10-0.16%2 Niobium + Tantalum: 10 x Carbon min, 1.10% max3 Copper 0.75% max4 Tantalum 0.10% max5 Nitrogen 0.15-0.40%6 Niobium + Tantalum: 0.10-0.30%, Nitrogen 0.20-0.40%, Vanadium 0.10-0.30%7 Nitrogen 0.20-0.40%8 Nitrogen 0.180-0.220%, Copper 0.50-1.00%9 Nitrogen 0.14-0.20%, Cerium 0.03-0.08%10 Titanium: 5 x Carbon min, 0.70% max11 Titanium: 4 x Carbon min, 0.60% max12 Niobium + Tantalum >10 x Carbon and 1.00% max13 Niobium + Tantalum >8 x Carbon and 1.0% max14 Carbon 0.040% max is necessary for pipes where many drawing passes are required, as with

outside diameter <0.5in (12.7mm) or nominal wall thickness <0.049 in (1.2 mm) (minimum wall thickness <0.044 in (1.12 mm))

15 Nitrogen 0.09-0.15%16 Copper 0.50% max17 Nitrogen 0.10% max, Copper 0.75% max18 Nitrogen 0.10-0.20%, Copper 0.75% max19 Copper 1.5-2.5% max20 Niobium + Tantalum 0.10% max, Nitrogen 0.4-0.6% maxNote- Niobium is sometimes referred to as Columbium.



ASTM A 949/A 949M - 95Spray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex)

Stainless Steel Pipe

This specification covers spray-formed seamless duplex stainless steel pipe intended forgeneral corrosive service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress corrosioncracking. These stainless steels may be susceptible to embrittlement if used for longperiods at high temperatures.


thicknesses may be specified (see Section 5).❍ Tolerances. ASTM pipe general requirements,

page 2-2, apply.

Manufacture❍ Materials. As listed in the heat treatment table.❍ Manufacture. The pipe is made by spraying the

melt on to a thin walled collector tube. The as-sprayed formed pipe is machined on inner andouter surfaces.

❍ Heat treatment. Refer to heat treatment table.❍ Marking on each length of pipe: Manufacturer’s

make or brand, specification number, ‘CF’ if coldfinishing is performed‘. If requested for pipe>NPS 4, the weight is included.


finish.❍ Defect Removal. Defects may be repaired by

machining or grinding, provided the wall thicknessis not reduced below the minimum.



test per lot of not more than 100 pipes. ❍ Flattening Test. Tests on 5% of pipe, or not less

than two pipes, from each heat treated lot.

❍ Nondestructive Test. Hydrostatic ornondestructive electric test to be performed oneach pipe.


performed on two pipes per lot. ❍ Weight marking. For pipe >NPS 4 the weight

may be requested in the pipe marking.

S1 Product Analysis. To be performed on 10% ofpipe lengths.

S1 Traverse Tension Tests. To be performed on10% of pipe lengths if >NPS 8.

S1 Flattening Test. To be performed on one orboth ends of each pipe.

S1 Etching Tests. To be performed on one or bothends of each pipe in accordance with MethodE 381 as appropriate.

2-44



A 949 Spray-Formed Seamless Duplex Pipe





Heat Treatment

Chemical CompositionRefer to the Chemical Compositions - ASTM A 240, page 1-14, for the chemical composition of the grades listedin the heat treatment table.



Total length or number of lengths.Name of material Duplex stainless steel pipe.Grade Selected from the chemical composition table.End finish Plain ends with all burrs removed is ASTM requirement.


party witness test) at extra cost.Options and supplementary requirements Refer to optional and supplementary requirements S1 to S4.

UNSTensile Strength

minYield Strength


(50 mm) minBrinell

HardnessHB

RockwellHardness

HRCksi MPa ksi MPa % max max

S31803 90 620 65 450 25 290 30.5S31500 92 630 64 440 30 290 30.5S31200 110 760 80 550 15 297 31.5S32550 100 690 65 450 25 280 -S31260 100 690 65 450 25 - -S32304 87 600 58 400 25 290 30.5S32750 116 800 80 550 15 310 32S32900 90 620 70 485 20 271 28S32950 90 620 70 485 20 290 30.5

UNS Temperature°F


S31803 1870-2010 1020-1100 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS31500 1800-1900 980-1040 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS31200 1920-2010 1050-1100 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in waterS32550 1900 min 1040 min Heat treatment temperature. Rapid cooling in air or waterS31260 1870-2010 1020-1100 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in waterS32304 1700-1920 925-1050 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS32750 1880-2060 1025-1125 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS32900 1700-1750 925-955 Heat treatment temperature range. Rapid cooling in air or waterS32950 1820-1880 995-1025 Heat treatment temperature range. Air cool