1
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(Dr. H. S. Chopra)
PhD.(His.) PhD(Lib. & Inf. Sc.)
University Librarian
[email protected], [email protected]
Bhai Gurdas Library
Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar
2
Preface
Amritsar is one of the important cities of Punjab State. The city has one of the
most prominent shrines of the Sikhs “The Harimandir Sahib” popularly known as the
Golden Temple. Amritsar acts as an education hub for the region. There are a large
number of educational institutions in the city. Guru Nanak Dev University, Bhai Gurdas
Central Library has tried to collect maximum books on Sikhism.
The purpose of this work is to present a comprehensive bibliography of books in
English, Hindi and Punjabi languages on Amritsar. Each entry contains information
about the author, editor, compiler, translator, title, edition, place of publication,
publisher, year of publication and number of volumes wherever applicable. In addition
to, it the detailed list of Punjabi manuscripts available in Bhai Gurdas Central Library
has also been added for the use of researchers and scholars which are directly
related to Amritsar.
Entries in each language group and its sub-divisions are arranged in alphabetical
order of the name of authors and under titles wherever author’s names are not
available, Government and institutional publications are entered under the names of
the concerned State or institutions respectively. Reference books have been entered
under the titles of the books. It is available both in print and online version. For an
online version of this bibliography visit Bhai Gurdas Central Library at
http://libray.gndu.ac.in.
3
Signs:- * : denotes that the book is available in Bhai Gurdas Central Library
and directly related to Amritsar
** : denotes that the book is not available in Bhai Gurdas Central
Library but directly related to Amritsar
# : denotes the book with reference to Amritsar and available in Bhai
Gurdas Central Library
## : denotes that the book with reference to Amritsar but not
available in Bhai Gurdas Central Library
s.l. : no place of publication
s.n. : no name of publisher
n.d. : no date
rev. : revised
vol. : volume
ed. : editor
comp. : compiler
tr. : translator
This bibliography will be in PDF format which can be downloaded from the
University website i.e. www. gndu.ac.in
The format of the entry will be as following:
Author/ Editor/ Compiler/ Translator
Title; sub-title and each subsequent statement of responsibility.
Edition statement. Place of publication, Publisher, Year of publication, Volume.
e.g. Alter, Stephen
Amritsar to Lahore; crossing the border between India and Pakistan. New
Delhi, Penguin, 2000.
4
The bibliography consists of books in three languages :-
Sr. No. Language Page no.
1. English 9-39
2. Hindi 40-42
3. Punjabi 43-64
I am thankful to Smt. Kulvir Kaur and Sh. Satish Kumar, Assistant
Librarians who have made sincere efforts to collect the data from various
sources.
(Dr. H. S. Chopra)
Ph. D. (His); Ph. D. (Lib. & Inf. Sc.)
University Librarian
5
Amritsar
The city of Amritsar the metropolis of the Sikh faith was founded in the year
1577 A. D. by fourth Sikh Guru Ram Dass Ji (1534-81). The holy city of the Sikhs, is
the headquarter of a district Amritsar in the Punjab. Guru Ram Das Ji inaugurated the
digging of the holy tank (Amrit-Sarovar) from which the city derives its present name.
According to some sources, the land of Amritsar was purchased from the residents of
the neighbouring villages Gumtala and Tung during the time of Guru Amar Dass (1479-
1574) and according to some other sources, the piece of land of Amritsar was a gift
from the Mughal emperor Akbar to Guru Amar Dass’s daughter Bibi Bhani married to
Guru Ram Dass Ji.
The city lies on the main Grand Trunk Road, thirty miles of the east of Lahore
and two hundred and fifty miles north west of Delhi. The population of Amritsar is
made up of Sikhs, Hindus, Jains, Christians and Muslims.
Amritsar (amrit-nectar, sar=pool) was reckoned to be the sacred city of Punjab.
The habitation that grew around the sacred pool (Sarovar) was initially called
Ramdaspur, or Chakk Ramdas, or simple Chakk Guru. Guru Ram Das encouraged people
from various trades and professions belonging to different cities to start their
business in this city. The town expanded further under his son and successor, Guru
Arjan Dev Ji (1563-1606) who completed and lined the holy tank and constructed in its
middle the holy shrine Harimandir now famous as the Golden Temple and also had two
more tanks, Santokhsar and Ramsar excavated nearby. It was on the bank of Ramsar
that he carried out the compilation of the Adi Granth (later Guru Granth Sahib). With
the installation on 16 August 1604 of the Guru Granth Sahib in the Harimandir, the
shrines and the sarovar surrounding Amritsar together the central attraction of the
town and a site of pilgrimage for the Sikhs and others from far and near. In time, the
town itself came to be called “Amritsar”.
6
The city of Amritsar has high traditions of martyrdom, patriotism and
secularism not to be paralleled by any other city of India. It has given to the country
a galaxy of stars, national leaders, writers, artists, generals and sportsmen of whom
the country is rightly proud of.
The Akal Takhat is the temporal counterpart of the Golden Temple’s sole sheer
spiritual structure. It is considered the highest seat of authority among the Sikhs.
Another revered place is the Durgiana temple which is dedicated to Goddess
Durga and dates back to 16th century. It is an important religious pilgrimage of the
Hindus, situated outside the Lohgarh Gate.
Sixteen kilometers to the West is Ram Tirath, commemorating Maharishi
Valmik Ji’s heritage. The place gets special mention in the great Hindu epic
‘Ramayana’. It is the place where Maharishi Valmik gave shelter to Sita, wife of Lord
Rama.
Summer palace of Maharaja Ranjit Singh is situated in the middle of a beautiful
garden called Ram Bagh in Amritsar City. This garden is laid out on the pattern of
Shalimar Bagh at Lahore. The museum at Ram Bagh houses weapons dating back to
Mughal times and some portraits of the ruling houses of the Punjab.
The Jallianwala Bagh at Amritsar reminds the visitor of one of the most heart-
rending events in the history of India. Here, about 2000 persons who were attending a
peaceful meeting on Baisakhi Day fell under the bullets of the British General Dyer, on
April 13, 1919. Bullet marks and well into which some people jumped to escape the
onslaught can still be seen.
Amritsar is the proud owner of some excellent academic institutions like Khalsa
college which was founded in 1892 and built on grand scale in typical Sikh
architecture. Guru Nanak Dev University was established in 1969 to
commemorate Guru Nanak Dev's birth quincentenary celebrations. The University has
won Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (MAKA) Trophy 21st times and Inter-varsity youth
7
festival championship seven times as winner and nine times as runner-up
consecutively. UGC has granted the University Centre for Excellence in Sports
Sciences. National Assessment and Accreditation Council accredited the University at
the Five Star Level. Being rated at such a high level will inspire its community to make
strides ahead still faster and stronger with academic excellence and commitment to
social upliftment as the core ideals. Amritsar is also dotted with colleges and
institutes that are dedicated to the study of medical sciences, engineering, education,
agriculture and arts. About 20 kms away from University is an International Border.
8
** Ahluwalia, Jagdeep Kaur
International satellite channel under Akal Takht, by
Jagdeep Kaur Ahluwalia and Harpreet Kaur. Patiala,
Guru Nanak Dev Mission, 1995.
* Ahluwalia, Jasbir Singh, ed.
Sri Akal Takht; a symbol of divine sovereignty, edited
by Jasbir Singh Ahluwalia and H.S. Dilgir.
Chandigarh, Guru Gobind Singh Foundation, n.d.
** Allen, Marguerite
Golden lotus of Amritsar. Calcutta, The Author,
1995.
* Alter, Stephen
Amritsar to Lahore; crossing the border between India
and Pakistan. New Delhi, Penguin, 2000.
* Amritsar, city of the Golden Temple. Chandigarh,
Director Public Relations Punjab, 1977.
** Amritsar conspiracy case 1919 (Microfilm). New Delhi,
National Archives of India.
* Amritsar; guide map., Punjab Govt, n.d.
** Amritsar past and present. Amritsar, Municipal
Committee, 1967.
** Anand, Mulk Raj
Homage to Amritsar. Bombay, Marg Publication, 1977.
** Anurag Singh, tr.
Eye Witness Account of Operation Blue Star. Amritsar,
Bhai Chattar Singh Jiwan Singh, 1999.
9
** Arshi, Pradeep Singh
The Golden Temple: history, art and architecture. New
Delhi, Harman, 1939.
** Bakhshish Singh
Golden Temple. Patiala, Punjabi University, 1999.
** Bannerjee, Indu Bhushan
The Evolution of Khalsa. Calcutta, Mukherjee and Co,
1947. 2 vols.
* Bawa, J.S.
The heritage of Amritsar. Amritsar, Faqir Singh,
1977.
** Bhupinder Singh
Amritsar Municipal Committee. Amritsar, Wazir Hind
Press, 1938.
** Brar, K.S.
Operation blue star: the true story. New Delhi, UBS,
1993.
* Chandhar, Gurmukh Singh
A brief history of the Harimandar ( Golden Temple,
Amritsar) and other Sacred Shrines around the tank of
immortality in commemoration of the visit of his
excellency the Viceroy and Governor General of
India.... 2nd ed. Lahore, Albert Press, 1894.
** Chandher, G.S.
Brief history of the Golden Temple. Lahore, The
Author, 1892.
** Chatterji, B.C., ed.
Amritsar Municipality rules of business. Amritsar,
Municipal Press, 1930.
10
** Chopra, Barkat Rai, ed.
Amritsar District Gazetteer. Chandigarh, Revenue
Department Punjab, 1976.
* Chopra, Barkat Rai, ed.
Punjab district gazetteers; Amritsar. Chandigarh,
Revenue Department, 1975.
** Clarence, O McMullen
The Amritsar diocese; a preliminary survey, by O
McMullen Clarence, John C.B. Webster and Maqbul Caleb.
Batala, s.n, 1973.
** Cole, Henry H.
Preservation of national monuments, India; Golden
Temple at Amritsar. Lahore, s.n, 1884.
* Datta, V.N.
Amritsar; past and present. Amritsar, Municipal
Committee, 1967.
* Datta, V.N.
Jallianwala Bagh. Ludhiana, Lyall Book Depot, 1969.
* Datta, V.N.
Jallianwala Bagh massacre, edited by Settar Singh.
Delhi, Pragati Publication, 2000.
* Davinderpal Singh
The Golden Temple; and the city of Amritsar. Amritsar,
Sikh Book Company, 2006.
** Deora, Man Singh
Akali agitation to Operation Bluestar. New Delhi,
Anmol Publications, 1991. 2 vols.
* Deora, Man Singh, ed.
Aftermath of Operation Blue Star. New Delhi, Anmol
Publications, 1992. 2 vols. (Political
development in Punjab series no;2)
11
* Dilgeer, Harjinder Singh
The Akal Takht. Jullunder, Punjabi Book Company,
1980.
* Dilgeer, Harjinder Singh
Akal Takhat Sahib. Delhi, National Book Shop, 1995.
* Draper, Alfred
Amritsar; the massacre that ended the Raj. Delhi,
Macmillan, 1981.
* Duggal, K.S.
The Akal Takht and other seats of Sikh polity. New
Delhi, UBS Publishers' Distributors, 1995.
* Fauja Singh, ed.
The city of Amritsar; a study of historical, cultural,
social and economic aspects. New Delhi, Oriental
Publishers and Distributors, 1978.
* Fauja Singh, ed.
The city of Amritsar; an introduction. 3rd ed.
Patiala, Punjabi University, 2000.
** Fauja Singh, ed.
History of the Punjab (1000 AD-1526). Patiala,
Punjabi University, 1990.
* Furneaux, Rupert
Massacre at Amritsar. London, Allen and Unwin, 1963.
** Ganda Singh, ed.
Tarikh-i-Amritsar ke chand Makhiz. Amritsar, Sikh
History Society, 1959.
* Gauba, Anand
Amritsar; a study in urban history (1840-1947).
Jalandhar, ABS Publications, 1988.
12
** Gian Singh
Tarikh-i-Amritsar. Amritsar, Kendri Singh Sabha
Committee, 1977.
* Grewal, J.S.
The city of the Golden Temple. Amritsar, Guru Nanak
Dev University, 1986.
** Grewal, Nahar Singh
Historical survey of Amritsar. Amritsar, Government
Higher Secondary School, 2008.
* Gupta, Hari Ram
History of the Sikhs; 2nd revised ed. New Delhi,
Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 2000.
V.I - The Sikh Gurus, 1469 – 1708
V.II - Evolution of Sikh Confederacies, 1708 – 69
V.III– Sikh domination of the Mughal Empire,1764–1803
V.IV – The Sikh Commonwealth of rise and fall of Sikh
Misls
V.V - The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh,
1799-1839)
* Gursharan Singh, ed.
Jallianwala Bagh; commemoration volume and Amritsar and
our duty to India, edited by Gursharan Singh and
others. Patiala, Punjabi University, 1997.
* Gyan Inder Singh
A brief history of Akhara Sangal Wala Bazar Mai Sewan,
Amritsar. Amritsar, Pritam, 1994.
* Harbans Singh
The heritage of the Golden Temple. Amritsar,
Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee, 1967.
* Harminder Kaur
Blue Star over Amritsar. Delhi, Ajanta Publications,
1990.
13
* Harminder Kaur
Blue star over Amritsar; the real story of June 1984.
New Delhi, Corporate vision, 2006.
* Harpreet Singh
Amritsar. Amritsar, The Author, n.d.
** Hazara Singh
History and guide to the Golden Temple. Amritsar,
Partap Singh Sunder Singh, 1938.
** History of the Khalsa College Amritsar; detachment of the
Punjab University officers training corps, I.T.F.
Amritsar, Khalsa College, 1949.
* Horniman, B.G.
Amritsar and our duty to India. London, T. Fisher
Unwin, 1920.
* Jagjit Singh
Temple of spirituality or Golden Temple of Amritsar.
New Delhi, Mittal Publications, 1988.
* Johar, Surinder Singh
The heritage of Amritsar. Delhi, Sundeep Prakashan,
1978.
* Johar, Surinder Singh
The heritage of Amritsar. Delhi, National Book Shop,
2008.
** Kapur Singh
The Golden Temple. Amritsar, Dharam Parchar, 1995.
* Khalsa, Gurdharam Singh
Guru Ram Das in Sikh tradition. New Delhi, Harman
Publishing, 1997.
14
** Khullar, Rupinder
One day at the Golden Temple, by Rupinder Khullar and
Ashrani Mathur. New Delhi, Peetk Books, 1997.
** Kulwant Singh
World Sikh Conference; Sri Amritsar. Amritsar,
Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee, 1995.
* Kumar, Jagjit Singh
Economic analysis of industry at Amritsar. Amritsar,
Khalsa College, 1970.
* MacFarquhar, A.
Punjab district gazetteers; Amritsar district.
Chandigarh, Controller of Printing and Stationery,
1947.
* Macfarquhar, A.
Settlement report of the fifth regular settlement of
the Amritsar district. Chandigarh, Controller of
Printing and Stationery, 1959.
* Madanjit Kaur
The Golden Temple; past and present. Amritsar, Guru
Nanak Dev University, 1983.
* Maighowalia, B.S.
Sardar Udham Singh; a prince amongst patriots of India;
the avenger of the massacre of Jallianwala Bagh
Amritsar. Hoshiarpur, The Author, 1969.
* Mohinder Singh
The Golden Temple, photographs by Sandeep Shankar. New
Delhi, USB Publishers and Distributors, 2002.
** Mookherji, B.S.
Golden Temple. Amritsar, Shiromani Gurdwara
Prabandhak Committee.
15
* Nara, Ishar Singh
Light of Guru Ram Dass Ji; including the story of
establishment of the city of Amritsar, translated by
Harnam Singh. Delhi, The Author, 1986.
* Narinderjit Singh
Around the Golden Temple. Amritsar, Jawahar Singh
Kirpal Singh, n.d.
* Partap Singh
Guideway and history of the Golden Temple Amritsar.
3rd ed. Amritsar, Buta Singh Partap Singh.
* Raja Ram
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre; a premeditation plan;
edited by Bal Krishna. Chandigarh, Panjab
University, 1969.
** Report Durbar Sahib. Amritsar, s.n, 1932.
** Sandhu, Balbir Singh
Noor da soma (1977). Jullundur, Amar Parkashan.
* Satbir Singh
Souvenir Sri Amritsar Foundation Day 1577-1977.
Amritsar, Mohinder Singh.
* Sharma, Suresh K., ed.
The Jallianwala Bagh tragedy. Delhi, Vista
International Publishing House, 2010.
* Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee - Sikh Gurdwara
act 1925. Amritsar, Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak
Committee, 1934.
16
* Sikander Singh
Udham Singh; a saga of the Freedom Movement and
Jallianwala Bagh. Amritsar, Bhai Chattar Singh Jiwan
Singh, 1998.
** Smith, V.W., comp.
Akali Dal and Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee,
C.I.D. Report. Simla, Government Printing, 1922.
** Sundar Singh
Guide to the Darbar Sahib of the Golden Temple of
Amritsar. Amritsar, The Author, 1905.
* Swinson, Arthur
Six minutes to sunset; the story of General Dyer and
the Amritsar affair. London, Peter Davies, 1964.
* Talbot, Ian, ed.
Epicentre of violence; partition voices and memories
from Amritsar, edited by Ian Talbot and Darshan Singh
Tatla. Delhi, Permanent Black, 2006.
* Tully, Mark
Amritsar; Mrs Gandhi 's last battle, by Mark Tully and
Satish Jacob. London, Rupa, 1985.
* Verma, A.N.
The holy city of Amritsar (Amritsar guide) with who's
who. Amritsar, Verma Advertising Agency, 1983.
17
# Abnashi Singh
Historical Sikh Gurudwaras of Punjab, by Abnashi Singh
and Gurvinder Singh Ahuja. Jandiala Guru, Gagan Mai
Thaal International, 2004.
## Ahluwalia, M.L.
The Panjab's pioneer freedom fighters, by M.L.
Ahluwalia and Kirpal Singh. Calcutta, Orient
Longman, 1964.
## Ahluwalia, M.L.
Remembering Maharaja Ranjit Singh. New Delhi, Ashoka
International Publishers, 1999.
# Ahluwalia, M.L., ed.
Select documents Gurudwara reform movement 1919-1925,
an era of Congress-Akali Collaboration. New Delhi,
Ashoka International, 1985.
## Ahluwalia, M.M.
Kukas; the freedom fighters of the Panjab. Bombay,
Allied, 1965.
## Ahuja, Roshan Lal
Our Masters. Allahabad, Vishav Vidyala Press, 1965.
## Ahuja, Roshan Lal
The story of Ranjit Singh. Ludhiana, Lahore Book
Shop, 1983.
## Ahuja, Roshan Lal
Vidya Pati Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Amritsar,
Historical Research Department, Khalsa College, 1953.
## Ajit Singh
Shiromani Akali Dal; religio- political study 1947-
1990. Kapurthala, Arman Publishers, 2005.
# Akbar, M.J.
India; the siege within. London, Penguin Books,
1985.
18
## Alexander, P.C.
My years with Indira Gandhi. s.l, Vision Books,
2001.
## Amolak Singh, ed.
The bleeding Punjab; a report to the nation, edited by
Amolak Singh and Jaspal Jassi. Ludhiana, Surkh Rekha
and Inquilabi Jantak Leeh, 1992.
# Amrit Singh, ed.
Punjab in Indian politics; issues and trends. Delhi,
Ajanta Publications, 1985.
## Archer, J.C.
The Sikhs. Princeton, University Press, 1946.
## Archer, John Clark
The Bible of the Sikhs: Punjab past and present. s.l,
s.n, 1977.
## Arshi, Pradeep Singh
Sikh Architecture. New Delhi, Intellectual, 1986.
# Arshi, Pardeep Singh
Sikh architecture in Punjab. Delhi, Intellectual
Publishing House, 1986.
# Bajwa, Harcharan Singh
Fifty years of Punjab politics; 1920-1970. Chandigarh,
Modern Publishers, 1979.
## Bal, S.S.
The Sikh struggle for independence and the place of
sovereightny in Sikh polity (1699-1765). s.l, s.n,
1968.
## Balwant Singh Gujarati
Introducing the ten masters. Delhi, Sterling
publishers, 1970.
19
# Banga, Indu
Agrarian systems of the Sikhs: late eighteenth and
early nineteenth century. New Delhi, Manohar
Publications, 1978.
# Banga, Indu, ed.
Maharaja Ranjit Singh; the state and society, edited
by Indu Banga and J.S. Grewal. Amritsar, Guru Nanak
Dev University, 2001.
# Bannerjee, Anil Chandra
Guru Nanak to Guru Gobind Singh. Allahabad, Rajesh
Publications, 1978.
# Barrier, N. Gerald
The Sikhs and their literature; a guide to tracts,
books and periodicals, 1849-1919. Delhi, Manohar
Book Service, 1970.
## Bawa, Chhajjoo Singh
The ten Gurus and their teaching. Lahore, Punjabi
Printing works, 1903.
## Bawa, H.S.
Plea for Punjabi speaking provinces. New Delhi, Hindu
Union Press, 1948.
## Bedi, P.L.Baba
Prophet of the moon full moon Guru Baba Nanak founder
master of Sikhism. New Delhi, New Light Publication,
1966.
# Bhagat Singh
Maharaja Ranjit Singh and his times. New Delhi,
Sehgal, 1990.
## Bhagat Singh
Sikh polity in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
New Delhi, Oriental, 1978.
20
## Bhan Singh, comp.
Facts about the Punjabi Suba Agitation. Amritsar,
Shiromani Akali Dal, 1960.
# Bhatia, H.S., ed.
Rare documents on Sikhs and their rule in the Punjab.
2nd ed. New Delhi, Deep and Deep Publications,
2008.
# Bingley, A.H.
The Sikhs. Delhi, National Book Shop, 1985.
# Bingley, A.H.
The Sikhs. Patiala, Department of Languages, Punjab,
1970.
# Browne, James
History of the origin and progress of the Sikhs,
edited by Ganda Singh. New Delhi, Today and
Tomorrow's Printers, 1973. v.2.
## Budhiraja, Arjan Singh
Facts about Punjabi Suba. Amritsar, Akali Dal, 1965.
## Burton, R.G.
The first and second Sikh wars. Simla, Government
Press, 1911.
## Chhabra, G.S.
Advanced history of the Punjab. 2nd ed. Jullunder,
New Academic Publishing, 1968. v.1.
## Chhabra, G.S.
Advanced study in history of the Punjab. Ludhiana,
Sharanjit, 1960. v.2.
# Chib, S.S.
New perspective on India's freedom struggle.
Chandigarh, Vandematram Prakashan, 1987.
21
# Chopra, Barkat Rai
Kingdom of the Punjab. Hoshiarpur, Vishveshvaranand
Institute, 1969.
# Chopra, Gulshan Lall
The Panjab as a sovereign state 1799-1839. Hoshiarpur,
Vishveshavaranand Vedic Research Institute, 1960.
(Reprint)
## Chopra, Gulshan Lal
The Punjab as a Sovereign State. Lahore, Uttar Chand
Kapur and Sons, 1923.
# Colvin, Ian
The life of General Dyer, edited by Harish Jain.
Chandigarh, Unistar Books, 2006.
# Cook, Hugh
The Sikh wars; the British army in Punjab 1845-1849.
Delhi, Thomson, 1975.
# Court, Henry, ed.
History of the Sikhs. Patiala, Language Department,
Punjab, 1970.
## Cunningham, Joseph Davey
A history of the Sikhs from the origin of the nation to
the battle of Sutlej (1849). New Delhi, S. Chand,
1985.
# Daljeet
The Sikh heritage; a search for totality. London,
Mercury Books, 2005.
## Darbara Singh
The Punjab tragedy. Amritsar, Steno Press, 1949.
22
## Dardi, Gopal Singh
History of the Sikh people. New Delhi, Sikh
University Press, 1979.
# Darshan Singh
Indian bhakti tradition and Sikh Gurus. Bhopal,
Lyall, 1968.
## Datta, V.N.
Jallianwala Bagh, by V.N. Datta and V.K. Arora.
Ludhiana, Kurukshetra University Books, 1969.
## Datta, V.N.
New light on the Punjab disturbances 1919. Simla,
Indian Institute of Advanced Study.
## Deol, G.S.
The role of the Gadar Party in the national movement.
Jullundur, Sterling Publishers, 1969.
## Dhillon, Gurcharan Singh
Truth about state terrorism in Punjab. Stockton,
World Sikh Organization, 1988.
## Dilgeer, Harjinder Singh
Shiromani Akali Dal. Chandigarh, Rachna Prakashan,
1980.
# Dilgeer, Harjinder Singh
The Sikh reference book. Canada, The Sikh Educational
Trust, 1997.
## Dilgeer, Harjinder Singh
The Sikhs struggle for Sovereignty, by Harjinder Singh
Dilgeer and Awatar Singh Sekhon. Edmonton, The Sikh
Educational Trust, 1992.
23
# Dogra, Ramesh Chander
The Sikh World; an encyclopaedic survey of Sikh
religion and culture, by Ramesh Chander Dogra and
Urmila Dogra. New Delhi, UBS Publishers and
Distributors, 2003.
## Elsmie, G.R.
Thirty-five years in the Punjab, 1858-93. Edinburgh,
David Douglas, 1908.
# Fauja Singh
Eminent freedom fighters of Punjab. Patiala, Punjabi
University Press, 1972.
# Fauja Singh, ed.
Historians and historiography of the Sikhs. New Delhi,
Oriental Publishers, 1978.
# Fauja Singh, ed.
Maharaja Ranjit Singh; politics, society and economy,
edited by Fauja Singh and A.C. Arora. Patiala,
Punjabi University, 1984.
# Fauja Singh
Some aspects of state and society under Ranjit Singh.
New Delhi, Master Publishers, 1982.
# Field, Dorothy
The religion of the Sikhs. Delhi, Ess Ess
Publications, 1976.
# Ganda Singh
A bibliography of the Punjab. Patiala, Punjabi
University, 1988.
## Ganda Singh
Brief account of the Sikh people. Patiala, Sikh
History Society, 1956.
24
## Ganda Singh, ed.
The British occupation of the Punjab. Patiala, Sikh
History Society, 1955.
# Ganda Singh, ed.
The Panjab in 1839-40. Amritsar, Sikh History
Society, 1952.
# Ganda Singh, ed.
Some confidential papers of the Akali movement.
Amritsar, Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee,
1965.
# Gandhi, Surjit Singh
History of Sikh Gurus: a comprehensive study. Delhi,
Gurdas Kapur, 1978.
# Gandhi, Surjit Singh
History of Sikh Gurus retold. New Delhi, Atlantic
Publishers and Distributors, 2007. 2 vols.
# Gandhi, Surjit Singh
Perspectives on Sikh Gurdwaras Legislation. New Delhi,
Atlantic, 1993.
## Garrett, H.L.O.
The Punjab- hundred years ago as described by V.
Jacquemont and Soltykoff. Patiala, Language
Department, Punjab, 1971. (Panjab Government
record office monograph no.18)
# Ghai, Prem Vati
The partition of the Punjab 1849-1947. Delhi, Munshi
Ram Manohar Lal, 1986.
# Gill, Pritam Singh
Heritage of Sikh culture; society morality art.
Jullundur, New Academic Publishing, 1975.
25
# Gill, Pritam Singh
History of Sikh Nation; foundation assassination
resurrection. Jullundur, New Academic Publishing,
1978.
# Gopal Singh
Politics of Sikh Homeland 1940-1990. Delhi, Ajanta
Publications, 1994.
# Gopal Singh, ed.
Punjab today. New Delhi, Intellectual Publishing
House, 1987.
# Gordon, John J.H.
The Sikhs. Patiala, Language Department, Punjab,
1970.
## Grewal, J.S
The Akalis; a short history. Chandigarh, Punjab
Studies Publications, 1996.
# Grewal, J.S., ed.
Early nineteenth century Panjab; edited and translated
by J.S. Grewal and Indu Banga. Amritsar, Guru Nanak
Dev University, 1975.
# Grewal, J.S., ed.
Maharaja Ranjit Singh and his times, edited by J.S.
Grewal and Indu Banga. Amritsar, Guru Nanak Dev
University, 1980.
## Grewal, J.S.
The new Cambridge history of India: the Sikhs of the
Punjab. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press,
1994.
26
## Grewal, J.S., ed.
300 years of Khalsa; edited and translated by J.S.
Grewal and Indu Banga. New Delhi, Indian History
Congress, 2000.
# Grey, C.
European adventures of Northern India (1785-1849),
edited by H.L.O. Garrett. Patiala, Languages
Department, Punjab, 1970.
## Griffin, Lepel
Ranjit Singh. Oxford, Clarenden Press, 1905.
# Griffin, Lepel
Ranjit Singh. Delhi, S. Chand, 1967.
# Griffin, Lepel H.
The Rajas of the Punjab; being the history of the
Principal States in the Punjab and their political
relations with the British Government. New Delhi,
Low Price Publications, 2000.
# Grover, Verinder, ed.
The story of Punjab; yesterday and today. New Delhi,
Deep and Deep Publications, 1995. 3 vols.
# Gupte, Pranay
Vengeance; India after the assassination of Indira
Gandhi. New York, W.W. Norton, 1985.
## Gurbachan Singh
The idea of the Sikh State, by Gurbachan Singh and Lal
Singh. Lahore, Lahore Book Shop, 1946.
# Gurcharan Singh
Babbar Akali Movement; a historical survey. Zira,
Aman Publications, 1993.
27
# Gurmeet Singh
History of Sikh struggles. New Delhi, Atlantic
Publishers, 1989. 4 vols.
# Gurmit Singh
Islam and Sikhism. Sirsa, Usha Institute of Religious
Studies, 1966.
# Gurmukh Singh
Historical Sikh shrines. Amritsar, Singh Brothers,
1995.
## Gurrattan Pal Singh
An illustrated history of the Sikhs. Chandigarh, s.n,
1979.
## Harbans Singh
Draft of the Sikh Gurdwara Bill, 1999. New Delhi,
s.n, 2002.
# Harbans Singh, ed.
The Encyclopaedia of Sikhism, edited by Harbans Singh
and Others. 4th ed; A-D Patiala, Punjabi
University, 2002. v.1.
# Harbans Singh, ed.
The Encyclopaedia of Sikhism, edited by Harbans Singh
and Others . 2nd ed; M-R Patiala, Punjabi
University, 2002. v.3.
# Harbans Singh, ed.
The Encyclopaedia of Sikhism, edited by Harbans Singh
and Others ; S-Z Patiala, Punjabi University, 1998.
v.4.
# Harbans Singh
The heritage of the Sikhs. 2nd rev ed. New Delhi,
Manohar Publishers, 1999.
28
# Harbans Singh
Maharaja Ranjit Singh. New Delhi, Sterling, 1980.
# Harbans Singh, ed.
Punjab past and present; essays in honour of Dr. Ganda
Singh, edited by Harbans Singh and N.Gerald Barrier.
Patiala, Punjabi University, 1976.
# Harjeet Singh
Faith and philosophy of Sikhism. Delhi, Kalpaz
Publications, 2009.
# Hasrat, Bikramajit
Life and times of Ranjit Singh; a saga of benevolent
despotism. Nabha, The Author, 1977.
# Hasrat, Bikramjit, ed.
The Punjab papers. Hoshiarpur, The Editor, 1970.
## Hukam Singh
The Sikh problem & its solution. Amritsar, Shiromani
Akali Dal, 1951.
# Jacquemont, V.
The Punjab; a hundred years ago, by V. Jacquemont and
A. Soltykoff, translated by H.L.O. Garrett. Punjab,
Language Department, 1971.
# Jafar, Ghani
The Sikh Volcano. New Delhi, Atlantic Publishers,
1988.
## Jaswant Singh
The demand for a Punjabi Suba. New Delhi, Super
Press, 1960.
# Jaswinder Singh
Kuka movement; freedom struggle in Punjab. New Delhi,
Atlantic, 1985.
29
## Jawaharlal, Nehru
Synopsis of the Nehru-Fateh Singh talks on the issues
of the formation of a Punjabi-speaking State.
Amritsar, 1961.
## Jeffrey, Robin
What's happening to India? Punjab ethnic conflict, Mrs.
Gandhi death and the test for federalism. Delhi,
Macmillan, 1986.
# Jodh Singh, Bhai
Life of Shri Guru Amardass Ji. Lahore, The Sikh Tract
Society, 1919. (Tract no; 14)
# Johar, Surinder Singh
The Sikh Gurus and their shrines. Delhi, Vivek
Publishing, 1976.
## Joshi, L.M., ed.
Sikhism. Patiala, Punjabi University, 1969.
# Kapur, Prithipal Singh, ed.
Maharaja Ranjit Singh; commemoration volume on
bicentenary of his coronation 1801-2001, edited by
Prithipal Singh Kapur and Dharam Singh. Patiala,
Punjabi University, 2001.
## Kaul, P.H.
Census of India 1911, Punjab vol. Lahore, Civil and
Military Gazette Press, 1912.
# Khilnani, N.M.
The Punjab under the Lawrences 1846-1858. Simla, The
Controller of Printing and Stationary, 1951. (The
Punjab Government Record Office publication monograph;
no.2)
30
# Khokhar, Kulwant Singh
Thousand petal lotus. Chester, Gurinder Singh
Khokhar, 2010.
## Khushwant Singh
Fall of the Kingdom of the Punjab. Calcutta, Orient
Longmans, 1962.
# Khushwant Singh
A history of the Sikhs. 2nd ed. Delhi, Oxford
University Press, 1991. 2 vols.
# Khushwant Singh
My bleeding Punjab. New Delhi, USB Publishers, 1992.
# Khushwant Singh
Ranjit Singh; Maharaja of the Punjab. Hyderabad,
Orient Longman, 1985.
## Khushwant Singh
The Sikhs. London, George Allen and Unwin, 1953.
# Kirpal Singh
The partition of the Punjab. Patiala, Punjabi
University, 1972.
## Kuldeep Kaur
Akali Dal in Punjab Politics; splits and mergers. New
Delhi, Deep & Deep Publications, 1999.
## Lamba, Krishan Gopal
Dynamics of Punjabi Suba. New Delhi, Deep and Deep
Publications, 1999.
## Laqueur, Walter
The age of terrorism. London, Weidenfeld and
Nicholson, 1987.
31
# Latif, Syad Muhammad
History of the Punjab; from the remotest antiquity to
the present time. New Delhi, Eurasia Publishing
House, 1964.
## Lawrence, H.M.
History of Punjab (1846). Patiala, Language
Department, Punjab, 1970.
# Loehlin, C.H.
The Sikhs and their Scriptures; an introduction. 3rd
ed. Delhi, ISPCK, 1974.
# Madanjit Kaur
The regime of Maharaja Ranjit Singh; historians
observations. Chandigarh, Unistar Books, 2007.
# Maini, Darshan Singh
Cry, the beloved Punjab; a harvest of tragedy &
terrorism. New Delhi, Siddharth Publications, 1987.
## Malcolm, John
A Sketch of the Sikhs. London, s.n, 1812.
## Masson, Charles
Narrative of various journeys in Baluchistan,
Afghanistan and the Punjab. London, s.n, 1842.
v.3.
# Mcleod, W.H.
The evolution of the Sikh Community; five essays.
Delhi, Oxford University Press, 1975.
## Mcleod, W.H.
Historical dictionary of Sikhism. Lanham, The
Scarecrow Press, 1995.
# Mcleod, W.H.
Historical dictionary of Sikhism. 2nd ed. Oxford,
Oxford University Press, 2002.
32
## Mittal, S.C.
Freedom movement in the Punjab: 1905-29. Delhi,
Concept Publishing Company, 1977.
## Mohan Lal
Journey of a tour through the Punjab, Afghanistan,
Turkistan, Khorasan, and a part of Persia. Patiala,
s.n, 1970.
# Mohan Lal
Travels in the Punjab, Afghanistan and Turkistan to
Balk, Bokhara and Herat and a visit to Great Britain
and Germany. Patiala, Language Department, Punjab,
1971.
# Mohinder Singh
The Akali movement. Delhi, Macmillan, 1978.
# Moorcroft, William
Travels in the Himalayan provinces of Hindustan and the
Punjab; in Ladakh and Kashmir, in Peshawar, Kabul,
Kunduz and Bokhara, by William Moorcroft and George
Trebeck. Patiala, Language Department, Punjab,
1970. v.2.
## Murray, J.S.
50 years preaching and practice in the Punjab 1909-
1959. New Zealand, Mission Committee of the
Presbyterian Church, 1960.
## Murray, William
History of the Punjab. London, William Allen, 1846.
2 vols.
# Nahal, Tarlochan Singh
Religion and politics in Sikhism; the Khalsa
perspective. Amritsar, Singh Brothers, 2011.
33
# Narang, Gokul Chand
Glorious history of Sikhism. 6th ed. New Delhi, New
Book Society of India, 1972.
## Narang, Gokal Chand
Transformation of Sikhism. New Delhi, New Book
Society, 1960.
## Narayanan, V.N
Tryst with terror; Punjab's turbulent decade. Delhi,
Ajanta, 1996.
# Navtej Singh
Challenge to imperial hegemony; the story of a great
Indian portrait Udham Singh. Patiala, Punjabi
University, 1998.
## Nihal Singh
Maharaja Ranjit Singh, by Nihal Singh and Others.
Amritsar, Khalsa College, 1939.
# Nirbhai Singh
The Sikh vision of heroic life and death. Amritsar,
Singh Brothers, 2006.
## Oren, Stephen
The Sikhs and Punjab politics 1921-47. Columbia,
University of British, 1964.
# Orlich, Leopold Von
Travels in India, including Sinde and the Punjab,
translated by H.Evans Lloyd. New Delhi, Usha, 1985.
2 vols.
## Patwant Singh, ed.
Punjab: The Fatal Miscalculation, edited by Patwant
Singh and Harji Malik. Delhi, s.n, 1985.
34
# Payne, C.H.
A short history of the Sikhs. Patiala, Languages
Department, Punjab, 1970.
# Prinsep, Henry T., comp.
Origin of the Sikh power in the Punjab and political
life of Maharaja Ranjit Singh; with an account of
religion laws and customs of the Sikhs. Patiala,
Languages Department, Punjab, 1970.
## Punjab and Ranjit Singh; a geographical Sketch of the Punjab
together with a history of the origin, life and
progress of Raja Ranjit Singh. s.l, Imperial Govt.
Records, India, 1830. (List no.1602)
## Punjab and Ranjit Singh; a geographical sketch of the Punjab
together with a history of origin, life and progress
of Raja Ranjit Singh. s.l, Imperial Govt. Records,
India, 1830. (List no. 1606)
# Puri, Harish K.
Terrorism in Punjab; understanding grassroots reality,
by Harish K. Puri, Paramjit Singh Judge and Jagrup
Singh Sekhon. New Delhi, Har-Anand Publications,
1999.
# Raghbir Singh
Akali movement 1926-1947. New Delhi, Omsons
Publishers, 1997.
## Rai, Lajpat
The Agony of the Punjab. Madras, Tagore & Co., 1920.
## Rai, S.M.
Partition of the Punjab. Bombay, Asia Publishing
House, 1965.
35
# Raju, Karam Singh
Ethical perceptions of World Religions ( Hinduism,
Buddhism, Christianity; Islam and Sikhism); a
comparative study. Amritsar, Guru Nanak Dev
University, 2002.
## Ranbir Singh
The Sikh way of life. New Delhi, Indian Publishers,
1969.
## Randhir Singh
The Ghadr heroes. Bombay, People's Publishing House,
1945.
# Ranjit Singh
Maharaja Ranjit Singh; first death centenary memorial,
edited by Teja Singh and Ganda Singh. Amritsar,
Khalsa College, 1939.
## Rataul, Sardual Singh
The Khalsa. Amritsar, Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak
Committee, 1958.
## Ravel Singh
Punjabi Suba Demand. Amritsar, Shiromani Gurdwara
Prabandhak Committee, 1966.
## Ray, Niharranjan
The Sikh Gurus and the Sikh society. Patiala, Punjabi
University Press, 1970.
# Ross, David
The land of the five rivers and Sindh. Patiala,
Languages Department, Punjab, 1970.
# S.P. Singh, ed.
The rule of Maharaja Ranjit Singh; nature and
relevance, edited by S.P. Singh and Jasbir Singh
Sabar. Amritsar, Guru Nanak Dev University, 2001.
36
# Sahi, Joginder Singh
Sikh shrines in India and abroad. Faridabad, Common
Word.
## Sahib Singh
Jiwan Sri Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji. Amritsar, Singh
Bros., 1975.
# Sahni, Ruchi Ram
Struggle for reform in Sikh shrines; edited by Ganda
Singh. Amritsar, Sikh Itihas Research Board, 1965.
## Sandhu, A.S.
General Hari Singh Nalwa. Lahore, 1935.
## Sangat Singh
The Sikhs in history. Amritsar, Singh Brothers,
2005.
## Sarabjit Singh
Operation black thunder: an eyewitness account of
terrorism in Punjab. s.l, Sage, 2002.
## Scott, George Battey
Religion and short history of the Sikhs, 1469-1930.
London, The Minster Press, 1930.
# Seetal, Sohan Singh
The Sikh empire and Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Ludhiana,
Lahore, 1982.
## Sekhon, Awatar Singh
Constitution of Khalistan. Canada, The Sikh
Educational Trust, 2009.
## Sekhon, Awatar Singh
White paper on Khalistan; a true story. Canada, The
Sikh Educational Trust, 1999.
37
# Seshagiri, N., ed.
Encyclopaedia of cities and towns in India (in 27
Volumes). New Delhi, Gyan Publishing House. Vol. 3.
# Sharma, D.P.
The Punjab story; decade of Turmoil. New Delhi, APH
Publishing, 1996.
# Singh, R.N., ed.
Encyclopaedia of Sikh heritage; conception and
transformation of Sikh politics. New Delhi,
Commonwealth Publishers, 2002. v.2.
# Singh, R.N., ed.
Encyclopaedia of Sikh heritage; social philosophy and
social transformation of Sikhs. New Delhi,
Commonwealth Publishers, 2002. v.3.
# Singh, R.N., ed.
Encyclopaedia of Sikh heritage; analytical study of
Sikh philosophy. New Delhi, Commonwealth Publishers,
2002. v.4.
# Singh, R.N., ed.
Encyclopaedia of Sikh heritage; Sikh religious vision.
New Delhi, Commonwealth Publishers, 2002. v.5.
## Singh, Sadhu Swarup
The Sikhs demand their homeland. Lahore, Lahore Book
Shop, 1946.
# Singha, H.S., ed.
The Encyclopedia of Sikhism. 2nd ed. New Delhi,
Hemkunt Publishers, 2005.
# Sinha, Narendra Krishna
Ranjit Singh. 3rd ed. Calcutta, A.R. Mukherjee,
1968.
38
## Steinbach
The Punjab being a brief account of the country of the
Sikhs. London, Smith, Elder and Company, 1846.
## Sunder Lal
Desireability of Punjabi Suba. Amritsar, Akali Dal,
1960.
# Talbot, Ian
Punjab and the Raj 1849-1947. New Delhi, Manohar
Publications, 1988.
# Talib, Gurbachan Singh, ed.
Bhai Vir Singh; life times and works, edited by
Gurbachan Singh Talib and Attar Singh. Chandigarh,
Punjab University, 1973.
# Talib, Gurbachan Singh
Muslim League attack on Sikhs and Hindus in the Punjab.
Amritsar, Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee,
1950.
## Teja Singh
Claims of Punjabi Suba. Amritsar, Punjabi Balde,
2008.
# Teja Singh
Essays in Sikhism. Lahore, Sikh University Press,
1944.
# The Encyclopedia Americana; A to Anjou Connecticut,
Grolier, 1999. v.1.
# The New Encyclopaedia Britannica. 15 ed; Micropaedia
Chicago, Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1997. v.1.
# Thorburn, S.S.
The Punjab in peace and war. Punjab, Language
Department, Punjab, 1970.
39
# Thorburn, S.S.
The Punjab in peace and war. New Delhi, Usha, 1987.
## Thornton, Edward
Gazetteer of the countries; adjacent to the India on
the North West including Sind, Afghanistan,
Beluchistan, the Punjab and the neighbour states
(under the authority of the East India Company).
London, s.n, 1847.
## Thornton, T.H.
History of the Punjab and of the rise and progress and
present condition of the Sect and Nation of the Sikhs.
London, Allen and Co, 1846. 2 vols.
## Treveskis, Hugh Kennedy
The Land of Five Rivers; an economic history of the
Punjab from the earliest times of the year of Grace
1810. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1928.
# Trilochan Singh
The turban and the sword of the Sikhs; essence of
Sikhism; edited by Anurag Singh. 3rd ed. Amritsar,
B. Chattar Singh Jiwan Singh, 2005.
# Waheeduddin, Fakir Syed
The real Ranjit Singh. New Delhi, Oriental, 1976.
## Whitcombe, Elizabeth
Agrarian conditions in Northern India: the United
provinces under British rule, 1860-1900. s.l, s.n,
1972.
40
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41
AkwlI mocoéN kw eiqhws. neé id¬lI, pIp¬s, AkwlI mocoéN kw eiqhws. neé id¬lI, pIp¬s, AkwlI mocoéN kw eiqhws. neé id¬lI, pIp¬s, AkwlI mocoéN kw eiqhws. neé id¬lI, pIp¬s, 1974. . . . # dugl, krqwr isNhdugl, krqwr isNhdugl, krqwr isNhdugl, krqwr isNh mhwrwjw rxjIq isNh : kbhUN n CwfY Kyqmhwrwjw rxjIq isNh : kbhUN n CwfY Kyqmhwrwjw rxjIq isNh : kbhUN n CwfY Kyqmhwrwjw rxjIq isNh : kbhUN n CwfY Kyq;;;; Anuvwdk hrmhyñd® isNh bydIAnuvwdk hrmhyñd® isNh bydIAnuvwdk hrmhyñd® isNh bydIAnuvwdk hrmhyñd® isNh bydI. Amƒqsr, . Amƒqsr, . Amƒqsr, . Amƒqsr,
gu{ nwnk dyv XUinvisétI, gu{ nwnk dyv XUinvisétI, gu{ nwnk dyv XUinvisétI, gu{ nwnk dyv XUinvisétI, 2001. . . . # DmévIrDmévIrDmévIrDmévIr pNjwb kw eiqhws. elwhwbwd, eNifXn p®Ys, pNjwb kw eiqhws. elwhwbwd, eNifXn p®Ys, pNjwb kw eiqhws. elwhwbwd, eNifXn p®Ys, pNjwb kw eiqhws. elwhwbwd, eNifXn p®Ys, 1956. . . . # nwr|ö, kƒpwl isNhnwr|ö, kƒpwl isNhnwr|ö, kƒpwl isNhnwr|ö, kƒpwl isNh pNjwb kw eiqhws (pNjwb kw eiqhws (pNjwb kw eiqhws (pNjwb kw eiqhws (1500----1858), kƒpwl isNh nwr|ö AOr hir), kƒpwl isNh nwr|ö AOr hir), kƒpwl isNh nwr|ö AOr hir), kƒpwl isNh nwr|ö AOr hirrwm gu‚qw. id¬lI, rwm gu‚qw. id¬lI, rwm gu‚qw. id¬lI, rwm gu‚qw. id¬lI,
XU.sI.kpUr. q.n.XU.sI.kpUr. q.n.XU.sI.kpUr. q.n.XU.sI.kpUr. q.n. # pwTk, cñd®SyKr, Anu.pwTk, cñd®SyKr, Anu.pwTk, cñd®SyKr, Anu.pwTk, cñd®SyKr, Anu. pNjwb kw BIÀx hœXwkw&f. klkÈww, inhwl cñd vµmwé, pNjwb kw BIÀx hœXwkw&f. klkÈww, inhwl cñd vµmwé, pNjwb kw BIÀx hœXwkw&f. klkÈww, inhwl cñd vµmwé, pNjwb kw BIÀx hœXwkw&f. klkÈww, inhwl cñd vµmwé, 1922. . . . # Bgq isNhBgq isNhBgq isNhBgq isNh mhwrwjw rxjIq isNh. pitXwlw, pNjwbI XUinvismhwrwjw rxjIq isNh. pitXwlw, pNjwbI XUinvismhwrwjw rxjIq isNh. pitXwlw, pNjwbI XUinvismhwrwjw rxjIq isNh. pitXwlw, pNjwbI XUinvisétI, étI, étI, étI, 1984. . . . * * * * BwrqI, sohn lwlBwrqI, sohn lwlBwrqI, sohn lwlBwrqI, sohn lwl jilXwNvwlw bwg kI DrqI AOr myry mwqw ipqw. Amƒqsr, BwrqI p®kwSn, jilXwNvwlw bwg kI DrqI AOr myry mwqw ipqw. Amƒqsr, BwrqI p®kwSn, jilXwNvwlw bwg kI DrqI AOr myry mwqw ipqw. Amƒqsr, BwrqI p®kwSn, jilXwNvwlw bwg kI DrqI AOr myry mwqw ipqw. Amƒqsr, BwrqI p®kwSn, 1983. . . . # rwjyñd®rwjyñd®rwjyñd®rwjyñd® BwrqIX sYlwinXoN ky ilE Ek ÆvgIéX ÆQl. id¬lI, prwg pi‹lkySnBwrqIX sYlwinXoN ky ilE Ek ÆvgIéX ÆQl. id¬lI, prwg pi‹lkySnBwrqIX sYlwinXoN ky ilE Ek ÆvgIéX ÆQl. id¬lI, prwg pi‹lkySnBwrqIX sYlwinXoN ky ilE Ek ÆvgIéX ÆQl. id¬lI, prwg pi‹lkySn, , , , 1993. . . . # lwPo, Xo mwrIlwPo, Xo mwrIlwPo, Xo mwrIlwPo, Xo mwrI POjPOjPOjPOj----EEEE----Kws;mhwrwjw rxjIq isNh EvN anky P®wNsIsI APsrKws;mhwrwjw rxjIq isNh EvN anky P®wNsIsI APsrKws;mhwrwjw rxjIq isNh EvN anky P®wNsIsI APsrKws;mhwrwjw rxjIq isNh EvN anky P®wNsIsI APsr;;;; Anuvwdk suDw ijqyñdR. Anuvwdk suDw ijqyñdR. Anuvwdk suDw ijqyñdR. Anuvwdk suDw ijqyñdR.
Amƒqsr, gu{ nwnk dyv XUinvisétI, Amƒqsr, gu{ nwnk dyv XUinvisétI, Amƒqsr, gu{ nwnk dyv XUinvisétI, Amƒqsr, gu{ nwnk dyv XUinvisétI, 2002. . . .
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# ivjyñd®pwl isNhivjyñd®pwl isNhivjyñd®pwl isNhivjyñd®pwl isNh BwrqIX rwÃt‰IX AwñBwrqIX rwÃt‰IX AwñBwrqIX rwÃt‰IX AwñBwrqIX rwÃt‰IX Awñdoln. id¬lI, inmél, doln. id¬lI, inmél, doln. id¬lI, inmél, doln. id¬lI, inmél, 1998. . . . # SmIr isNhSmIr isNhSmIr isNhSmIr isNh gu{ ivlws pwqSwhI CyvIN. Amƒqsr, Kwlsw kwlyj. q.n. gu{ ivlws pwqSwhI CyvIN. Amƒqsr, Kwlsw kwlyj. q.n. gu{ ivlws pwqSwhI CyvIN. Amƒqsr, Kwlsw kwlyj. q.n. gu{ ivlws pwqSwhI CyvIN. Amƒqsr, Kwlsw kwlyj. q.n. # Smwé, nNdkumwr dyvSmwé, nNdkumwr dyvSmwé, nNdkumwr dyvSmwé, nNdkumwr dyv pNjwbpNjwbpNjwbpNjwb----hrx AOr mhwrwjw dlIp isNh. klkÈww, ihñdI puÆqk Ejyñshrx AOr mhwrwjw dlIp isNh. klkÈww, ihñdI puÆqk Ejyñshrx AOr mhwrwjw dlIp isNh. klkÈww, ihñdI puÆqk Ejyñshrx AOr mhwrwjw dlIp isNh. klkÈww, ihñdI puÆqk EjyñsI (ihñdI puÆqk I (ihñdI puÆqk I (ihñdI puÆqk I (ihñdI puÆqk
EjyñsI mwlw,sN$XwEjyñsI mwlw,sN$XwEjyñsI mwlw,sN$XwEjyñsI mwlw,sN$Xw----19), , , , 1979.... # Swi&f¬X, i»lokSwi&f¬X, i»lokSwi&f¬X, i»lokSwi&f¬X, i»lok Bwrq dSén. id¬lI, sÆqw swihœX BNfwr, Bwrq dSén. id¬lI, sÆqw swihœX BNfwr, Bwrq dSén. id¬lI, sÆqw swihœX BNfwr, Bwrq dSén. id¬lI, sÆqw swihœX BNfwr, 1988. . . .
# suKmnI qQw sNsuKmnI qQw sNsuKmnI qQw sNsuKmnI qQw sN————wyp jIvn cirq gu{ Ajuén dyv jI. Amƒqsr, mwÆtr sujwn isNh. q.n. wyp jIvn cirq gu{ Ajuén dyv jI. Amƒqsr, mwÆtr sujwn isNh. q.n. wyp jIvn cirq gu{ Ajuén dyv jI. Amƒqsr, mwÆtr sujwn isNh. q.n. wyp jIvn cirq gu{ Ajuén dyv jI. Amƒqsr, mwÆtr sujwn isNh. q.n. # sNq rwmsNq rwmsNq rwmsNq rwm rxjIqrxjIqrxjIqrxjIq----cirq;pNjwb kysrI rxjIq isNh kI gOrv gwQw. lwhOr, Awœmwrwm, q.n. cirq;pNjwb kysrI rxjIq isNh kI gOrv gwQw. lwhOr, Awœmwrwm, q.n. cirq;pNjwb kysrI rxjIq isNh kI gOrv gwQw. lwhOr, Awœmwrwm, q.n. cirq;pNjwb kysrI rxjIq isNh kI gOrv gwQw. lwhOr, Awœmwrwm, q.n. # iiii————wqISwqISwqISwqIS qUPwn ky dOr ky pNjwb. neé id¬lI, id vfé, qUPwn ky dOr ky pNjwb. neé id¬lI, id vfé, qUPwn ky dOr ky pNjwb. neé id¬lI, id vfé, qUPwn ky dOr ky pNjwb. neé id¬lI, id vfé, 1984. . . . # ªI gu{ g®NQ swihb. AmƒqªI gu{ g®NQ swihb. AmƒqªI gu{ g®NQ swihb. AmƒqªI gu{ g®NQ swihb. Amƒqsr, své ihñd is#K imSn, sr, své ihñd is#K imSn, sr, své ihñd is#K imSn, sr, své ihñd is#K imSn, 1937. . . .
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# Ajmyr isMG# Ajmyr isMG# Ajmyr isMG# Ajmyr isMG vIhvI sdI dI is`K rwjnIqI (ie`k gulwmI qoN dUjI gulwmI q`k). jlMDr, nirMdr vIhvI sdI dI is`K rwjnIqI (ie`k gulwmI qoN dUjI gulwmI q`k). jlMDr, nirMdr vIhvI sdI dI is`K rwjnIqI (ie`k gulwmI qoN dUjI gulwmI q`k). jlMDr, nirMdr vIhvI sdI dI is`K rwjnIqI (ie`k gulwmI qoN dUjI gulwmI q`k). jlMDr, nirMdr
isMG, 2003. isMG, 2003. isMG, 2003. isMG, 2003. ** Amol, AYs.AYs.** Amol, AYs.AYs.** Amol, AYs.AYs.** Amol, AYs.AYs. AMimRqsr. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg pMjwb, 1983. AMimRqsr. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg pMjwb, 1983. AMimRqsr. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg pMjwb, 1983. AMimRqsr. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg pMjwb, 1983. * ArQ qy AMkVw sMgTn, pMjwbArQ qy AMkVw sMgTn, pMjwbArQ qy AMkVw sMgTn, pMjwbArQ qy AMkVw sMgTn, pMjwb izlw AMkVw swr AMimRqsr 1978izlw AMkVw swr AMimRqsr 1978izlw AMkVw swr AMimRqsr 1978izlw AMkVw swr AMimRqsr 1978----79., AwriQk slwhkwr pMjwb, 1982. 79., AwriQk slwhkwr pMjwb, 1982. 79., AwriQk slwhkwr pMjwb, 1982. 79., AwriQk slwhkwr pMjwb, 1982. # ArSI, inrvYr isMG# ArSI, inrvYr isMG# ArSI, inrvYr isMG# ArSI, inrvYr isMG bwxI gurU rwmdws; Awlocnwqmk AiDAYn. SRI AwnMdpur swihb, AwnMdpurI bwxI gurU rwmdws; Awlocnwqmk AiDAYn. SRI AwnMdpur swihb, AwnMdpurI bwxI gurU rwmdws; Awlocnwqmk AiDAYn. SRI AwnMdpur swihb, AwnMdpurI bwxI gurU rwmdws; Awlocnwqmk AiDAYn. SRI AwnMdpur swihb, AwnMdpurI
pbiliSMg hwaUs, 1990. pbiliSMg hwaUs, 1990. pbiliSMg hwaUs, 1990. pbiliSMg hwaUs, 1990. # ASok, SmSyr isMG# ASok, SmSyr isMG# ASok, SmSyr isMG# ASok, SmSyr isMG soFI imhrvwn; jIvn qy swihq. AMimRqsr, BweI PkIr isMG AYNf sMnz, 1soFI imhrvwn; jIvn qy swihq. AMimRqsr, BweI PkIr isMG AYNf sMnz, 1soFI imhrvwn; jIvn qy swihq. AMimRqsr, BweI PkIr isMG AYNf sMnz, 1soFI imhrvwn; jIvn qy swihq. AMimRqsr, BweI PkIr isMG AYNf sMnz, 1968. 968. 968. 968. # AOjlw, krmjIq isMG# AOjlw, krmjIq isMG# AOjlw, krmjIq isMG# AOjlw, krmjIq isMG mhwn is`K ShId drSn isMG PyrUmwn (jIvnI qy ivcwrDwrw). luiDAwxw, lwhOr mhwn is`K ShId drSn isMG PyrUmwn (jIvnI qy ivcwrDwrw). luiDAwxw, lwhOr mhwn is`K ShId drSn isMG PyrUmwn (jIvnI qy ivcwrDwrw). luiDAwxw, lwhOr mhwn is`K ShId drSn isMG PyrUmwn (jIvnI qy ivcwrDwrw). luiDAwxw, lwhOr
bu`k Swp, 2005. bu`k Swp, 2005. bu`k Swp, 2005. bu`k Swp, 2005. # AOlK, gurcrn isMG# AOlK, gurcrn isMG# AOlK, gurcrn isMG# AOlK, gurcrn isMG is~K sUrmyis~K sUrmyis~K sUrmyis~K sUrmy. luiDAwxw, lwhOr bu`k Swp, 2005. . luiDAwxw, lwhOr bu`k Swp, 2005. . luiDAwxw, lwhOr bu`k Swp, 2005. . luiDAwxw, lwhOr bu`k Swp, 2005. # scdyv, rijMdr isMG# scdyv, rijMdr isMG# scdyv, rijMdr isMG# scdyv, rijMdr isMG soFI cmqkwr. AMimRqsr, is`K bu`k, m.n. soFI cmqkwr. AMimRqsr, is`K bu`k, m.n. soFI cmqkwr. AMimRqsr, is`K bu`k, m.n. soFI cmqkwr. AMimRqsr, is`K bu`k, m.n. ** sqnwm isMG** sqnwm isMG** sqnwm isMG** sqnwm isMG SRI AMimRqsr jI dy drSn ieSnwn. SRI AMimRqsr jI dy drSn ieSnwn. SRI AMimRqsr jI dy drSn ieSnwn. SRI AMimRqsr jI dy drSn ieSnwn. AMimRqsr, 1990. AMimRqsr, 1990. AMimRqsr, 1990. AMimRqsr, 1990. # siqbIr isMG# siqbIr isMG# siqbIr isMG# siqbIr isMG swfw ieiqhws. jlMDr, inaU bu`k kMpnI, 1983. swfw ieiqhws. jlMDr, inaU bu`k kMpnI, 1983. swfw ieiqhws. jlMDr, inaU bu`k kMpnI, 1983. swfw ieiqhws. jlMDr, inaU bu`k kMpnI, 1983.
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* siqbIr isMGsiqbIr isMGsiqbIr isMGsiqbIr isMG pUrI hoeI krwmwiq; jIvnI gurU rwmdws jI. jlMDr, inaUpUrI hoeI krwmwiq; jIvnI gurU rwmdws jI. jlMDr, inaUpUrI hoeI krwmwiq; jIvnI gurU rwmdws jI. jlMDr, inaUpUrI hoeI krwmwiq; jIvnI gurU rwmdws jI. jlMDr, inaU bu`k kMpnI, 1981. bu`k kMpnI, 1981. bu`k kMpnI, 1981. bu`k kMpnI, 1981. * sRI AMimRqsr jI dy drbwr swihb dy gu`Jy Byd. AMimRqsr, pMjwb kumrSl pRYs, m.n. sRI AMimRqsr jI dy drbwr swihb dy gu`Jy Byd. AMimRqsr, pMjwb kumrSl pRYs, m.n. sRI AMimRqsr jI dy drbwr swihb dy gu`Jy Byd. AMimRqsr, pMjwb kumrSl pRYs, m.n. sRI AMimRqsr jI dy drbwr swihb dy gu`Jy Byd. AMimRqsr, pMjwb kumrSl pRYs, m.n. # svwieAw isMG# svwieAw isMG# svwieAw isMG# svwieAw isMG Xwqrw SRI AMimRqsr jI ArQwq sMKyp ieiqhws SXwqrw SRI AMimRqsr jI ArQwq sMKyp ieiqhws SXwqrw SRI AMimRqsr jI ArQwq sMKyp ieiqhws SXwqrw SRI AMimRqsr jI ArQwq sMKyp ieiqhws SRI AMimRqsr jI, duAwrw svwieAw RI AMimRqsr jI, duAwrw svwieAw RI AMimRqsr jI, duAwrw svwieAw RI AMimRqsr jI, duAwrw svwieAw
isMG Aqy sujwn isMG., m.n. isMG Aqy sujwn isMG., m.n. isMG Aqy sujwn isMG., m.n. isMG Aqy sujwn isMG., m.n. # swihb isMG# swihb isMG# swihb isMG# swihb isMG jIvn ibRqwq SRI gurU hrgoibMd swihb. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, m.n. (gur jIvn ibRqwq SRI gurU hrgoibMd swihb. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, m.n. (gur jIvn ibRqwq SRI gurU hrgoibMd swihb. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, m.n. (gur jIvn ibRqwq SRI gurU hrgoibMd swihb. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, m.n. (gur
ieiqhws nM:6)ieiqhws nM:6)ieiqhws nM:6)ieiqhws nM:6) ## swihb i## swihb i## swihb i## swihb isMGsMGsMGsMG jIvn ibrqWq SRI gurU rwmdws. AMimRqsr, 1976. jIvn ibrqWq SRI gurU rwmdws. AMimRqsr, 1976. jIvn ibrqWq SRI gurU rwmdws. AMimRqsr, 1976. jIvn ibrqWq SRI gurU rwmdws. AMimRqsr, 1976. # swbr, jsbIr isMG, sMpw.# swbr, jsbIr isMG, sMpw.# swbr, jsbIr isMG, sMpw.# swbr, jsbIr isMG, sMpw. bwxI bwbw rwm dws. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1989. bwxI bwbw rwm dws. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1989. bwxI bwbw rwm dws. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1989. bwxI bwbw rwm dws. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1989. # is`K gurduAw# is`K gurduAw# is`K gurduAw# is`K gurduAwrw AYkt 1925 (pMjwb AYkt nM:8). AMimRqsr, SRomxI guduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, rw AYkt 1925 (pMjwb AYkt nM:8). AMimRqsr, SRomxI guduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, rw AYkt 1925 (pMjwb AYkt nM:8). AMimRqsr, SRomxI guduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, rw AYkt 1925 (pMjwb AYkt nM:8). AMimRqsr, SRomxI guduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI,
1934. 1934. 1934. 1934. ## is`DU, gurdyv isMG## is`DU, gurdyv isMG## is`DU, gurdyv isMG## is`DU, gurdyv isMG swkw bwgswkw bwgswkw bwgswkw bwg----eyeyeyey----j`ilHAw. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1995. j`ilHAw. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1995. j`ilHAw. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1995. j`ilHAw. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1995. # is`DU, # is`DU, # is`DU, # is`DU, gurdyv isMG, sMpw.gurdyv isMG, sMpw.gurdyv isMG, sMpw.gurdyv isMG, sMpw. roznwmcw morcw gurU kw bwg. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 2008. roznwmcw morcw gurU kw bwg. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 2008. roznwmcw morcw gurU kw bwg. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 2008. roznwmcw morcw gurU kw bwg. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 2008. * sIql jIq isMGsIql jIq isMGsIql jIq isMGsIql jIq isMG AMimRqsr isPqI dw Gr. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1978. AMimRqsr isPqI dw Gr. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1978. AMimRqsr isPqI dw Gr. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1978. AMimRqsr isPqI dw Gr. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1978.
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* sIql, jIq isMGsIql, jIq isMGsIql, jIq isMGsIql, jIq isMG gurU rwmdws; jIvn qy rcnw. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg, pMjwb, 1970. gurU rwmdws; jIvn qy rcnw. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg, pMjwb, 1970. gurU rwmdws; jIvn qy rcnw. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg, pMjwb, 1970. gurU rwmdws; jIvn qy rcnw. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg, pMjwb, 1970. * sIql, DnvMq isMGsIql, DnvMq isMGsIql, DnvMq isMGsIql, DnvMq isMG SRI AMimRqsr drSn ArQwq SRI AMimRqsr jI dy drSn ieSnwn. AMimRSRI AMimRqsr drSn ArQwq SRI AMimRqsr jI dy drSn ieSnwn. AMimRSRI AMimRqsr drSn ArQwq SRI AMimRqsr jI dy drSn ieSnwn. AMimRSRI AMimRqsr drSn ArQwq SRI AMimRqsr jI dy drSn ieSnwn. AMimRqsr, BweI qsr, BweI qsr, BweI qsr, BweI
au`qm isMG gurbcn isMG, m.n. au`qm isMG gurbcn isMG, m.n. au`qm isMG gurbcn isMG, m.n. au`qm isMG gurbcn isMG, m.n. # suKidAwl isMG# suKidAwl isMG# suKidAwl isMG# suKidAwl isMG Kwlsw pMQ dy pMj qKq; ieiqhwsk ivSlySx. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnivristI, Kwlsw pMQ dy pMj qKq; ieiqhwsk ivSlySx. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnivristI, Kwlsw pMQ dy pMj qKq; ieiqhwsk ivSlySx. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnivristI, Kwlsw pMQ dy pMj qKq; ieiqhwsk ivSlySx. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnivristI,
1998. 1998. 1998. 1998. # suKidAwl isMG# suKidAwl isMG# suKidAwl isMG# suKidAwl isMG iSromxI is`K ieiqhws (1469iSromxI is`K ieiqhws (1469iSromxI is`K ieiqhws (1469iSromxI is`K ieiqhws (1469----1708) ijld pihlI. smwxw, sMgm pblIkySnz, 1708) ijld pihlI. smwxw, sMgm pblIkySnz, 1708) ijld pihlI. smwxw, sMgm pblIkySnz, 1708) ijld pihlI. smwxw, sMgm pblIkySnz,
2010. 2010. 2010. 2010. # suKidAwl isMG# suKidAwl isMG# suKidAwl isMG# suKidAwl isMG iSromxI is`K ieiqhws (1708iSromxI is`K ieiqhws (1708iSromxI is`K ieiqhws (1708iSromxI is`K ieiqhws (1708----1799) ijld dUjI. smwxw, sMgm pblIkySnz, 1799) ijld dUjI. smwxw, sMgm pblIkySnz, 1799) ijld dUjI. smwxw, sMgm pblIkySnz, 1799) ijld dUjI. smwxw, sMgm pblIkySnz,
2010. 2010. 2010. 2010. * suqMqrqw sMgWRmsuqMqrqw sMgWRmsuqMqrqw sMgWRmsuqMqrqw sMgWRmIey ; ijlw AMimRqsr., lok sMprk ivBwg pMjwb. Iey ; ijlw AMimRqsr., lok sMprk ivBwg pMjwb. Iey ; ijlw AMimRqsr., lok sMprk ivBwg pMjwb. Iey ; ijlw AMimRqsr., lok sMprk ivBwg pMjwb. * suMdr isMGsuMdr isMGsuMdr isMGsuMdr isMG kI Kwlsw kwlj is`KW dw hY? ArQwq Kwlsw kwlj SRI AMimRqsr jI dw AslI Poto. kI Kwlsw kwlj is`KW dw hY? ArQwq Kwlsw kwlj SRI AMimRqsr jI dw AslI Poto. kI Kwlsw kwlj is`KW dw hY? ArQwq Kwlsw kwlj SRI AMimRqsr jI dw AslI Poto. kI Kwlsw kwlj is`KW dw hY? ArQwq Kwlsw kwlj SRI AMimRqsr jI dw AslI Poto.
AMimRqsr, sMudr isMG, 1909. AMimRqsr, sMudr isMG, 1909. AMimRqsr, sMudr isMG, 1909. AMimRqsr, sMudr isMG, 1909. # # # # syvw isMGsyvw isMGsyvw isMGsyvw isMG ShId iblws; BweI mnI isMG, sMpwdk grjw isMG igAwnI. luiDAwxw, pMjwbI ShId iblws; BweI mnI isMG, sMpwdk grjw isMG igAwnI. luiDAwxw, pMjwbI ShId iblws; BweI mnI isMG, sMpwdk grjw isMG igAwnI. luiDAwxw, pMjwbI ShId iblws; BweI mnI isMG, sMpwdk grjw isMG igAwnI. luiDAwxw, pMjwbI
swihq AkwfmI, 2007. swihq AkwfmI, 2007. swihq AkwfmI, 2007. swihq AkwfmI, 2007. # sYnwpiq# sYnwpiq# sYnwpiq# sYnwpiq SRI gurU isMG sBw. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, 1967.SRI gurU isMG sBw. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, 1967.SRI gurU isMG sBw. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, 1967.SRI gurU isMG sBw. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, 1967.
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* soFI, ihMmq isMGsoFI, ihMmq isMGsoFI, ihMmq isMGsoFI, ihMmq isMG gurU rwmdws; jIvn qy rcnw. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1986. (pMjwbI gurU rwmdws; jIvn qy rcnw. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1986. (pMjwbI gurU rwmdws; jIvn qy rcnw. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1986. (pMjwbI gurU rwmdws; jIvn qy rcnw. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1986. (pMjwbI
lyKk lVI nM: 50)lyKk lVI nM: 50)lyKk lVI nM: 50)lyKk lVI nM: 50) ## soFI, qyjw isMG## soFI, qyjw isMG## soFI, qyjw isMG## soFI, qyjw isMG cwr qKq swihb.cwr qKq swihb.cwr qKq swihb.cwr qKq swihb. lwhOr, gurmiq tr`st soswietI, 1934. lwhOr, gurmiq tr`st soswietI, 1934. lwhOr, gurmiq tr`st soswietI, 1934. lwhOr, gurmiq tr`st soswietI, 1934. ## sMqoK isMG## sMqoK isMG## sMqoK isMG## sMqoK isMG SRI soFI cmqkwr. AMimRqsr, BweI jIvn isMG ikrpwl isMG, 1961. SRI soFI cmqkwr. AMimRqsr, BweI jIvn isMG ikrpwl isMG, 1961. SRI soFI cmqkwr. AMimRqsr, BweI jIvn isMG ikrpwl isMG, 1961. SRI soFI cmqkwr. AMimRqsr, BweI jIvn isMG ikrpwl isMG, 1961. # sMqoK isMG# sMqoK isMG# sMqoK isMG# sMqoK isMG SRI soFI cmqkwr ArSRI soFI cmqkwr ArSRI soFI cmqkwr ArSRI soFI cmqkwr ArQwq SRI gurU rwmdws jI qo SRI gurU qyg bhwdr jI q`k sMpUrn Qwq SRI gurU rwmdws jI qo SRI gurU qyg bhwdr jI q`k sMpUrn Qwq SRI gurU rwmdws jI qo SRI gurU qyg bhwdr jI q`k sMpUrn Qwq SRI gurU rwmdws jI qo SRI gurU qyg bhwdr jI q`k sMpUrn
kQw tIkwkwr soFI qyjw isMG. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn isMG, 1978. kQw tIkwkwr soFI qyjw isMG. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn isMG, 1978. kQw tIkwkwr soFI qyjw isMG. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn isMG, 1978. kQw tIkwkwr soFI qyjw isMG. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn isMG, 1978. ## hrdIp isMG## hrdIp isMG## hrdIp isMG## hrdIp isMG swkw nIlwH qwrw qoN bwAd qbwhI dI qvwrIK. rwmpur, 2006. swkw nIlwH qwrw qoN bwAd qbwhI dI qvwrIK. rwmpur, 2006. swkw nIlwH qwrw qoN bwAd qbwhI dI qvwrIK. rwmpur, 2006. swkw nIlwH qwrw qoN bwAd qbwhI dI qvwrIK. rwmpur, 2006. # hrbMs isMG# hrbMs isMG# hrbMs isMG# hrbMs isMG Kwilsqwn srbp`KI AiDAYn. id`lI, pMjwbI rweItrj koAwpyRitv soswietI, Kwilsqwn srbp`KI AiDAYn. id`lI, pMjwbI rweItrj koAwpyRitv soswietI, Kwilsqwn srbp`KI AiDAYn. id`lI, pMjwbI rweItrj koAwpyRitv soswietI, Kwilsqwn srbp`KI AiDAYn. id`lI, pMjwbI rweItrj koAwpyRitv soswietI,
2010. 2010. 2010. 2010. * hrmIq isMGhrmIq isMGhrmIq isMGhrmIq isMG isPqI dw Gr. id`lI, pMmI pRkwSn, 1978. isPqI dw Gr. id`lI, pMmI pRkwSn, 1978. isPqI dw Gr. id`lI, pMmI pRkwSn, 1978. isPqI dw Gr. id`lI, pMmI pRkwSn, 1978. # hrvMq kOr# hrvMq kOr# hrvMq kOr# hrvMq kOr gurU rwmdws; jIvn, icMqn Aqy bwxI. AMimRqsr, rUhI pRkwSn, 2005. gurU rwmdws; jIvn, icMqn Aqy bwxI. AMimRqsr, rUhI pRkwSn, 2005. gurU rwmdws; jIvn, icMqn Aqy bwxI. AMimRqsr, rUhI pRkwSn, 2005. gurU rwmdws; jIvn, icMqn Aqy bwxI. AMimRqsr, rUhI pRkwSn, 2005. # hirismrn isMG# hirismrn isMG# hirismrn isMG# hirismrn isMG qIsry bdl dw s`c; Akwl qKq swihb dI globl idRStI. cMfIgVH, lokgIq qIsry bdl dw s`c; Akwl qKq swihb dI globl idRStI. cMfIgVH, lokgIq qIsry bdl dw s`c; Akwl qKq swihb dI globl idRStI. cMfIgVH, lokgIq qIsry bdl dw s`c; Akwl qKq swihb dI globl idRStI. cMfIgVH, lokgIq
pRkwSn, pRkwSn, pRkwSn, pRkwSn, 2011. 2011. 2011. 2011. ## hoqI, pRym isMG## hoqI, pRym isMG## hoqI, pRym isMG## hoqI, pRym isMG AkwlI PUlw isMG (1914). luiDAwxw, lwhOr bu`k Swp, 1958. AkwlI PUlw isMG (1914). luiDAwxw, lwhOr bu`k Swp, 1958. AkwlI PUlw isMG (1914). luiDAwxw, lwhOr bu`k Swp, 1958. AkwlI PUlw isMG (1914). luiDAwxw, lwhOr bu`k Swp, 1958.
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# knH`eIAw lwl# knH`eIAw lwl# knH`eIAw lwl# knH`eIAw lwl qwrIKqwrIKqwrIKqwrIK----ieieieie----pMjwb, Anuvwdk jIq isMG sIql. pitAwpMjwb, Anuvwdk jIq isMG sIql. pitAwpMjwb, Anuvwdk jIq isMG sIql. pitAwpMjwb, Anuvwdk jIq isMG sIql. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, lw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, lw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, lw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI,
1987. 1987. 1987. 1987. ## kpUr, siqMdrpwl isMG## kpUr, siqMdrpwl isMG## kpUr, siqMdrpwl isMG## kpUr, siqMdrpwl isMG iBMfrWvwly. jlMDr, BwrqI pbilSrj, 1983. iBMfrWvwly. jlMDr, BwrqI pbilSrj, 1983. iBMfrWvwly. jlMDr, BwrqI pbilSrj, 1983. iBMfrWvwly. jlMDr, BwrqI pbilSrj, 1983. # kpUr, ipRQIpwl isMG# kpUr, ipRQIpwl isMG# kpUr, ipRQIpwl isMG# kpUr, ipRQIpwl isMG pMjwb dw ivrsw. jlMDr, inpMjwb dw ivrsw. jlMDr, inpMjwb dw ivrsw. jlMDr, inpMjwb dw ivrsw. jlMDr, inaU bu`k kMpnI, 1966. aU bu`k kMpnI, 1966. aU bu`k kMpnI, 1966. aU bu`k kMpnI, 1966. # krqwr isMG# krqwr isMG# krqwr isMG# krqwr isMG pUrn jIvn ibRqWq; SRI gurU rwmdws swihb jI. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn pUrn jIvn ibRqWq; SRI gurU rwmdws swihb jI. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn pUrn jIvn ibRqWq; SRI gurU rwmdws swihb jI. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn pUrn jIvn ibRqWq; SRI gurU rwmdws swihb jI. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn
isMG, m.n. isMG, m.n. isMG, m.n. isMG, m.n. ## krm isMG## krm isMG## krm isMG## krm isMG krm isMG ihstorkrm isMG ihstorkrm isMG ihstorkrm isMG ihstorIAn dI ieiqhwsk Koj. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk IAn dI ieiqhwsk Koj. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk IAn dI ieiqhwsk Koj. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk IAn dI ieiqhwsk Koj. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk
kmytI, m.n. kmytI, m.n. kmytI, m.n. kmytI, m.n. ## krm isMG## krm isMG## krm isMG## krm isMG pMjwb dw KUnI swkw (1947). AMimRqsr, BweI su~Kw isMG AYNf sMz, 1949. pMjwb dw KUnI swkw (1947). AMimRqsr, BweI su~Kw isMG AYNf sMz, 1949. pMjwb dw KUnI swkw (1947). AMimRqsr, BweI su~Kw isMG AYNf sMz, 1949. pMjwb dw KUnI swkw (1947). AMimRqsr, BweI su~Kw isMG AYNf sMz, 1949. ## kilAwx lwl## kilAwx lwl## kilAwx lwl## kilAwx lwl qwrIKqwrIKqwrIKqwrIK----eyeyeyey----pMjwb. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnivristI, 1968. pMjwb. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnivristI, 1968. pMjwb. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnivristI, 1968. pMjwb. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnivristI, 1968. * kwhlw isMGkwhlw isMGkwhlw isMGkwhlw isMG ShId iblws ; SRI AMimRqsr iv`c nwmDwrI isMG ShId. jIvn ngr, ibSn isMG ShId iblws ; SRI AMimRqsr iv`c nwmDwrI isMG ShId. jIvn ngr, ibSn isMG ShId iblws ; SRI AMimRqsr iv`c nwmDwrI isMG ShId. jIvn ngr, ibSn isMG ShId iblws ; SRI AMimRqsr iv`c nwmDwrI isMG ShId. jIvn ngr, ibSn isMG
ihstorIAn, 1969. ihstorIAn, 1969. ihstorIAn, 1969. ihstorIAn, 1969. #### kwnH isMG nwBwkwnH isMG nwBwkwnH isMG nwBwkwnH isMG nwBw gurSbd rqnwkr mhwn koS. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg pMjwb, 1999. gurSbd rqnwkr mhwn koS. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg pMjwb, 1999. gurSbd rqnwkr mhwn koS. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg pMjwb, 1999. gurSbd rqnwkr mhwn koS. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg pMjwb, 1999.
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# ikrn, rivMdr# ikrn, rivMdr# ikrn, rivMdr# ikrn, rivMdr Kwlsw kOm dw pwsvwn AkwlI PUlw isMG. mwnsw, aufwn pblIkySnz, 2004. Kwlsw kOm dw pwsvwn AkwlI PUlw isMG. mwnsw, aufwn pblIkySnz, 2004. Kwlsw kOm dw pwsvwn AkwlI PUlw isMG. mwnsw, aufwn pblIkySnz, 2004. Kwlsw kOm dw pwsvwn AkwlI PUlw isMG. mwnsw, aufwn pblIkySnz, 2004. * ikRpwl isMG, sMpw.ikRpwl isMG, sMpw.ikRpwl isMG, sMpw.ikRpwl isMG, sMpw. SRI AMimRqsr mihmw koS. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn isMG, 2001. SRI AMimRqsr mihmw koS. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn isMG, 2001. SRI AMimRqsr mihmw koS. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn isMG, 2001. SRI AMimRqsr mihmw koS. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn isMG, 2001. * ikrpwl isMGikrpwl isMGikrpwl isMGikrpwl isMG SRI hirmMdr swihb dw suinhrI ieiqhws. AMimRqsr, SSRI hirmMdr swihb dw suinhrI ieiqhws. AMimRqsr, SSRI hirmMdr swihb dw suinhrI ieiqhws. AMimRqsr, SSRI hirmMdr swihb dw suinhrI ieiqhws. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk RomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk RomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk RomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk
kmytI, 2008. kmytI, 2008. kmytI, 2008. kmytI, 2008. # ikrpwl isMG# ikrpwl isMG# ikrpwl isMG# ikrpwl isMG SRI gurU pMQ pRkwS dI pRsqwvnw. AMimRqsr, mnmohn isMG brwV, 1977. SRI gurU pMQ pRkwS dI pRsqwvnw. AMimRqsr, mnmohn isMG brwV, 1977. SRI gurU pMQ pRkwS dI pRsqwvnw. AMimRqsr, mnmohn isMG brwV, 1977. SRI gurU pMQ pRkwS dI pRsqwvnw. AMimRqsr, mnmohn isMG brwV, 1977. * kohlI, suirMdr isMGkohlI, suirMdr isMGkohlI, suirMdr isMGkohlI, suirMdr isMG AMimAMimAMimAMimRqsr; AnUp rwmdwspur. AMimRqsr, rGbIr rcnw, 1978. Rqsr; AnUp rwmdwspur. AMimRqsr, rGbIr rcnw, 1978. Rqsr; AnUp rwmdwspur. AMimRqsr, rGbIr rcnw, 1978. Rqsr; AnUp rwmdwspur. AMimRqsr, rGbIr rcnw, 1978. # kMvl, jsvMq isMG# kMvl, jsvMq isMG# kMvl, jsvMq isMG# kMvl, jsvMq isMG pMjwbIE! jIxw hY ik mrnw. dUjw soiDA sMskrx cMfIgVH, lokgIq pRkwSn, pMjwbIE! jIxw hY ik mrnw. dUjw soiDA sMskrx cMfIgVH, lokgIq pRkwSn, pMjwbIE! jIxw hY ik mrnw. dUjw soiDA sMskrx cMfIgVH, lokgIq pRkwSn, pMjwbIE! jIxw hY ik mrnw. dUjw soiDA sMskrx cMfIgVH, lokgIq pRkwSn,
2008. 2008. 2008. 2008. * Kwlsw, sqnwm iKwlsw, sqnwm iKwlsw, sqnwm iKwlsw, sqnwm isMGsMGsMGsMG SIR AMimRqsr jI dy drSn ieSnwn Aqy 500 swlW dI ieiqhwsk fwierYktrI. SIR AMimRqsr jI dy drSn ieSnwn Aqy 500 swlW dI ieiqhwsk fwierYktrI. SIR AMimRqsr jI dy drSn ieSnwn Aqy 500 swlW dI ieiqhwsk fwierYktrI. SIR AMimRqsr jI dy drSn ieSnwn Aqy 500 swlW dI ieiqhwsk fwierYktrI.
AMimRqsr, lyKk, m.n. AMimRqsr, lyKk, m.n. AMimRqsr, lyKk, m.n. AMimRqsr, lyKk, m.n. ## grjw isMG igAwnI, sMpw.## grjw isMG igAwnI, sMpw.## grjw isMG igAwnI, sMpw.## grjw isMG igAwnI, sMpw. ShId iblws syvw isMG, Anuvwdk C`jU isMG. luiDAwxw, pShId iblws syvw isMG, Anuvwdk C`jU isMG. luiDAwxw, pShId iblws syvw isMG, Anuvwdk C`jU isMG. luiDAwxw, pShId iblws syvw isMG, Anuvwdk C`jU isMG. luiDAwxw, pMjwbI swihqk MjwbI swihqk MjwbI swihqk MjwbI swihqk
AkwdmI, 1931. AkwdmI, 1931. AkwdmI, 1931. AkwdmI, 1931. # gryvwl, jy.AYs.# gryvwl, jy.AYs.# gryvwl, jy.AYs.# gryvwl, jy.AYs. mu~FlI au`nIvI sdI dw ieiqhws, duAwrw jy.AYs. gryvwl Aqy ieMdU bMgw, Anuvwdk mu~FlI au`nIvI sdI dw ieiqhws, duAwrw jy.AYs. gryvwl Aqy ieMdU bMgw, Anuvwdk mu~FlI au`nIvI sdI dw ieiqhws, duAwrw jy.AYs. gryvwl Aqy ieMdU bMgw, Anuvwdk mu~FlI au`nIvI sdI dw ieiqhws, duAwrw jy.AYs. gryvwl Aqy ieMdU bMgw, Anuvwdk
AmrvMq isMG Aqy mohnjIq isMG. AMimRqsr, gurU nwnk dyv XUnIvristI, AmrvMq isMG Aqy mohnjIq isMG. AMimRqsr, gurU nwnk dyv XUnIvristI, AmrvMq isMG Aqy mohnjIq isMG. AMimRqsr, gurU nwnk dyv XUnIvristI, AmrvMq isMG Aqy mohnjIq isMG. AMimRqsr, gurU nwnk dyv XUnIvristI, 1974. 1974. 1974. 1974.
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* igAwn isMG 'AwrP'igAwn isMG 'AwrP'igAwn isMG 'AwrP'igAwn isMG 'AwrP' SRI gurU AMimRqsr AMmRq pRkwS. isAwlkot, lyKk, 1941. SRI gurU AMimRqsr AMmRq pRkwS. isAwlkot, lyKk, 1941. SRI gurU AMimRqsr AMmRq pRkwS. isAwlkot, lyKk, 1941. SRI gurU AMimRqsr AMmRq pRkwS. isAwlkot, lyKk, 1941. * igAwn isMGigAwn isMGigAwn isMGigAwn isMG sRI AMimRqsr AMimRq pRkws. AMimRqsr, SRI cMd pRYs, m.nsRI AMimRqsr AMimRq pRkws. AMimRqsr, SRI cMd pRYs, m.nsRI AMimRqsr AMimRq pRkws. AMimRqsr, SRI cMd pRYs, m.nsRI AMimRqsr AMimRq pRkws. AMimRqsr, SRI cMd pRYs, m.n. . . . # igAwn isMG, sMpw.# igAwn isMG, sMpw.# igAwn isMG, sMpw.# igAwn isMG, sMpw. SRI gurU pMQ pRkwS, sMpwdk igAwn isMG Aqy ikrpwl isMG. AMimRqsr, mnmohn SRI gurU pMQ pRkwS, sMpwdk igAwn isMG Aqy ikrpwl isMG. AMimRqsr, mnmohn SRI gurU pMQ pRkwS, sMpwdk igAwn isMG Aqy ikrpwl isMG. AMimRqsr, mnmohn SRI gurU pMQ pRkwS, sMpwdk igAwn isMG Aqy ikrpwl isMG. AMimRqsr, mnmohn
isMG brwV, 1974. isMG brwV, 1974. isMG brwV, 1974. isMG brwV, 1974. ## igAwn isMG## igAwn isMG## igAwn isMG## igAwn isMG qvwrIK AMimRqsr. pqvwrIK AMimRqsr. pqvwrIK AMimRqsr. pqvwrIK AMimRqsr. pitAwlw, drbwr, 1922. itAwlw, drbwr, 1922. itAwlw, drbwr, 1922. itAwlw, drbwr, 1922. # igAwn isMG# igAwn isMG# igAwn isMG# igAwn isMG qvwrIK gurU Kwlsw. AMimRqsr, bUtw isMG pRqwp isMG, m.n. qvwrIK gurU Kwlsw. AMimRqsr, bUtw isMG pRqwp isMG, m.n. qvwrIK gurU Kwlsw. AMimRqsr, bUtw isMG pRqwp isMG, m.n. qvwrIK gurU Kwlsw. AMimRqsr, bUtw isMG pRqwp isMG, m.n. * igAwn isMGigAwn isMGigAwn isMGigAwn isMG qvwrIK SRI AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, kyNdrIqvwrIK SRI AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, kyNdrIqvwrIK SRI AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, kyNdrIqvwrIK SRI AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, kyNdrI isMG sBw kmytI, m.n. isMG sBw kmytI, m.n. isMG sBw kmytI, m.n. isMG sBw kmytI, m.n. * gupqw, AYm.jI., sMpw.gupqw, AYm.jI., sMpw.gupqw, AYm.jI., sMpw.gupqw, AYm.jI., sMpw. SRI gurU rwmdws jI; ivAkqIqv PlsPw Aqy bwxI. cMfIgVH, lokgIq pRkwSn, SRI gurU rwmdws jI; ivAkqIqv PlsPw Aqy bwxI. cMfIgVH, lokgIq pRkwSn, SRI gurU rwmdws jI; ivAkqIqv PlsPw Aqy bwxI. cMfIgVH, lokgIq pRkwSn, SRI gurU rwmdws jI; ivAkqIqv PlsPw Aqy bwxI. cMfIgVH, lokgIq pRkwSn,
2001. 2001. 2001. 2001. # gurcrn isMG# gurcrn isMG# gurcrn isMG# gurcrn isMG ShId aShId aShId aShId au~Dm isMG. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1995. u~Dm isMG. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1995. u~Dm isMG. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1995. u~Dm isMG. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1995. # gMfw isMG, sMpw.# gMfw isMG, sMpw.# gMfw isMG, sMpw.# gMfw isMG, sMpw. fwktr BweI joD isMG; AiBnMdn gRMQ. pitAwlw, Kwlsw kwlj, 1962. fwktr BweI joD isMG; AiBnMdn gRMQ. pitAwlw, Kwlsw kwlj, 1962. fwktr BweI joD isMG; AiBnMdn gRMQ. pitAwlw, Kwlsw kwlj, 1962. fwktr BweI joD isMG; AiBnMdn gRMQ. pitAwlw, Kwlsw kwlj, 1962. # gXwn isMG# gXwn isMG# gXwn isMG# gXwn isMG SSSSRI gurU pMQ pRkwS. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg, 1970. RI gurU pMQ pRkwS. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg, 1970. RI gurU pMQ pRkwS. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg, 1970. RI gurU pMQ pRkwS. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg, 1970.
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** cqr isMG** cqr isMG** cqr isMG** cqr isMG SRI AMimRqsr jI dy gurDwm dIdwr. AMimRqsr, purSwrQI, 1952. SRI AMimRqsr jI dy gurDwm dIdwr. AMimRqsr, purSwrQI, 1952. SRI AMimRqsr jI dy gurDwm dIdwr. AMimRqsr, purSwrQI, 1952. SRI AMimRqsr jI dy gurDwm dIdwr. AMimRqsr, purSwrQI, 1952. * cwqr, hrsw isMGcwqr, hrsw isMGcwqr, hrsw isMGcwqr, hrsw isMG vwr; vwr; vwr; vwr; SRI kwr syvw AMimRq srovr hirmMdr swihb AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, pMjwbI SRI kwr syvw AMimRq srovr hirmMdr swihb AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, pMjwbI SRI kwr syvw AMimRq srovr hirmMdr swihb AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, pMjwbI SRI kwr syvw AMimRq srovr hirmMdr swihb AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, pMjwbI
swihq, 1973. swihq, 1973. swihq, 1973. swihq, 1973. ## iC`br, kysr isMG## iC`br, kysr isMG## iC`br, kysr isMG## iC`br, kysr isMG bMswvlInwmw dsW pwqSwhIAW kw, sMpwdk rqn isMG j`gI. cMfIgVH, pMjwb bMswvlInwmw dsW pwqSwhIAW kw, sMpwdk rqn isMG j`gI. cMfIgVH, pMjwb bMswvlInwmw dsW pwqSwhIAW kw, sMpwdk rqn isMG j`gI. cMfIgVH, pMjwb bMswvlInwmw dsW pwqSwhIAW kw, sMpwdk rqn isMG j`gI. cMfIgVH, pMjwb
XUnIvristI, 1972. XUnIvristI, 1972. XUnIvristI, 1972. XUnIvristI, 1972. # iC`br, kysr isMG# iC`br, kysr isMG# iC`br, kysr isMG# iC`br, kysr isMG bMswvlInwmw dsW pwqSwhIAw kw, sMpwdk ipAwrw isMG pdm. AMimRqsr, isMG bMswvlInwmw dsW pwqSwhIAw kw, sMpwdk ipAwrw isMG pdm. AMimRqsr, isMG bMswvlInwmw dsW pwqSwhIAw kw, sMpwdk ipAwrw isMG pdm. AMimRqsr, isMG bMswvlInwmw dsW pwqSwhIAw kw, sMpwdk ipAwrw isMG pdm. AMimRqsr, isMG
bRdrz, 1997. bRdrz, 1997. bRdrz, 1997. bRdrz, 1997. # iC`br, kysr isMG# iC`br, kysr isMG# iC`br, kysr isMG# iC`br, kysr isMG bMswvlI nwmw dsW pwqSwhIAw kw, bMswvlI nwmw dsW pwqSwhIAw kw, bMswvlI nwmw dsW pwqSwhIAw kw, bMswvlI nwmw dsW pwqSwhIAw kw, sMpwdk jsbIr isMG rwey. AMimRqsr, gurU sMpwdk jsbIr isMG rwey. AMimRqsr, gurU sMpwdk jsbIr isMG rwey. AMimRqsr, gurU sMpwdk jsbIr isMG rwey. AMimRqsr, gurU
nwnk dyv XUnIvristI, 2001. nwnk dyv XUnIvristI, 2001. nwnk dyv XUnIvristI, 2001. nwnk dyv XUnIvristI, 2001. # jgjIq isMG# jgjIq isMG# jgjIq isMG# jgjIq isMG isMG sBw lihr 1873isMG sBw lihr 1873isMG sBw lihr 1873isMG sBw lihr 1873----1902. luiDAwxw, lwhOr bu`k Swp, 1974. 1902. luiDAwxw, lwhOr bu`k Swp, 1974. 1902. luiDAwxw, lwhOr bu`k Swp, 1974. 1902. luiDAwxw, lwhOr bu`k Swp, 1974. # jgjIq isMG# jgjIq isMG# jgjIq isMG# jgjIq isMG isMG sBw lihr 1873isMG sBw lihr 1873isMG sBw lihr 1873isMG sBw lihr 1873----1902. AMimRqsr, jmYq isMG, m.n. 1902. AMimRqsr, jmYq isMG, m.n. 1902. AMimRqsr, jmYq isMG, m.n. 1902. AMimRqsr, jmYq isMG, m.n. # jgdIS isMG# jgdIS isMG# jgdIS isMG# jgdIS isMG ividAk Aqy smwijk Kyqr iv`c kuJ AlOikk lwswnI qjrby. nvI id`lI, nvXu`g ividAk Aqy smwijk Kyqr iv`c kuJ AlOikk lwswnI qjrby. nvI id`lI, nvXu`g ividAk Aqy smwijk Kyqr iv`c kuJ AlOikk lwswnI qjrby. nvI id`lI, nvXu`g ividAk Aqy smwijk Kyqr iv`c kuJ AlOikk lwswnI qjrby. nvI id`lI, nvXu`g
pbilSrz, 1995. pbilSrz, 1995. pbilSrz, 1995. pbilSrz, 1995. ## jgn ## jgn ## jgn ## jgn nwQnwQnwQnwQ Amr ShId srdwr aU`Dm isMG. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, Amr ShId srdwr aU`Dm isMG. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, Amr ShId srdwr aU`Dm isMG. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, Amr ShId srdwr aU`Dm isMG. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI,
1963. 1963. 1963. 1963.
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## joigMdr isMG## joigMdr isMG## joigMdr isMG## joigMdr isMG is`K Drm qy is`K pMQ. inaU id`lI, pRIq pRkwSn, 1971. is`K Drm qy is`K pMQ. inaU id`lI, pRIq pRkwSn, 1971. is`K Drm qy is`K pMQ. inaU id`lI, pRIq pRkwSn, 1971. is`K Drm qy is`K pMQ. inaU id`lI, pRIq pRkwSn, 1971. # # # # joigMdr isMGjoigMdr isMGjoigMdr isMGjoigMdr isMG nhI quDu jyihAw. nvI id`lI, pRIq pRkwSn, 1977. nhI quDu jyihAw. nvI id`lI, pRIq pRkwSn, 1977. nhI quDu jyihAw. nvI id`lI, pRIq pRkwSn, 1977. nhI quDu jyihAw. nvI id`lI, pRIq pRkwSn, 1977. # joS, sohx isMG# joS, sohx isMG# joS, sohx isMG# joS, sohx isMG AkwlI moricAw dw ieiqhws. id`lI, AwrsI pblISrz, 2000. AkwlI moricAw dw ieiqhws. id`lI, AwrsI pblISrz, 2000. AkwlI moricAw dw ieiqhws. id`lI, AwrsI pblISrz, 2000. AkwlI moricAw dw ieiqhws. id`lI, AwrsI pblISrz, 2000. * jMg isMGjMg isMGjMg isMGjMg isMG AMimRqsr isPqI dw Gru. AMimRqsr, is`K ieiqhws rIsrc borf, 1977. AMimRqsr isPqI dw Gru. AMimRqsr, is`K ieiqhws rIsrc borf, 1977. AMimRqsr isPqI dw Gru. AMimRqsr, is`K ieiqhws rIsrc borf, 1977. AMimRqsr isPqI dw Gru. AMimRqsr, is`K ieiqhws rIsrc borf, 1977. * jMg isMGjMg isMGjMg isMGjMg isMG SRI Akwl qKq swihb dy mhwn jQydwr mohn isMG jI; jIvn qy pMQk syvw. SRI Akwl qKq swihb dy mhwn jQydwr mohn isMG jI; jIvn qy pMQk syvw. SRI Akwl qKq swihb dy mhwn jQydwr mohn isMG jI; jIvn qy pMQk syvw. SRI Akwl qKq swihb dy mhwn jQydwr mohn isMG jI; jIvn qy pMQk syvw.
luiDAwxw, pMjwbI rweItrj koAwpRyitv soswietI illuiDAwxw, pMjwbI rweItrj koAwpRyitv soswietI illuiDAwxw, pMjwbI rweItrj koAwpRyitv soswietI illuiDAwxw, pMjwbI rweItrj koAwpRyitv soswietI ilimtyf, 2004. imtyf, 2004. imtyf, 2004. imtyf, 2004. # J`br, krqwr isMG# J`br, krqwr isMG# J`br, krqwr isMG# J`br, krqwr isMG AkwlI morcy qy J`br, sMpwdk nrYx isMG. id`lI, nYSnl, 1967. AkwlI morcy qy J`br, sMpwdk nrYx isMG. id`lI, nYSnl, 1967. AkwlI morcy qy J`br, sMpwdk nrYx isMG. id`lI, nYSnl, 1967. AkwlI morcy qy J`br, sMpwdk nrYx isMG. id`lI, nYSnl, 1967. # tWfw, ipAwrw isMG# tWfw, ipAwrw isMG# tWfw, ipAwrw isMG# tWfw, ipAwrw isMG AxgOyly jWbwz is`K XoDy. btwlAxgOyly jWbwz is`K XoDy. btwlAxgOyly jWbwz is`K XoDy. btwlAxgOyly jWbwz is`K XoDy. btwlw, lok ih`q pRkwSn mMc, 2002. w, lok ih`q pRkwSn mMc, 2002. w, lok ih`q pRkwSn mMc, 2002. w, lok ih`q pRkwSn mMc, 2002. * t`lI, mwrk, sMpw.t`lI, mwrk, sMpw.t`lI, mwrk, sMpw.t`lI, mwrk, sMpw. AMimRqsr; SRI mqI gWDI dI AMqlI lVweI, sMpwdk mwrk t`lI Aqy sqIS jYkb, AMimRqsr; SRI mqI gWDI dI AMqlI lVweI, sMpwdk mwrk t`lI Aqy sqIS jYkb, AMimRqsr; SRI mqI gWDI dI AMqlI lVweI, sMpwdk mwrk t`lI Aqy sqIS jYkb, AMimRqsr; SRI mqI gWDI dI AMqlI lVweI, sMpwdk mwrk t`lI Aqy sqIS jYkb,
Anuvwdk hrIS jYn. cOQw sMskrx srihMd, lokgIq pRkwSn, 1986. Anuvwdk hrIS jYn. cOQw sMskrx srihMd, lokgIq pRkwSn, 1986. Anuvwdk hrIS jYn. cOQw sMskrx srihMd, lokgIq pRkwSn, 1986. Anuvwdk hrIS jYn. cOQw sMskrx srihMd, lokgIq pRkwSn, 1986. # iF`loN, hrijMdr isMG# iF`loN, hrijMdr isMG# iF`loN, hrijMdr isMG# iF`loN, hrijMdr isMG gurU rwm dws; jIvn qy rcnw (rwgu Awsw CMq rcnw dw ivSyS sMdrB). AMimRqsr, gurU rwm dws; jIvn qy rcnw (rwgu Awsw CMq rcnw dw ivSyS sMdrB). AMimRqsr, gurU rwm dws; jIvn qy rcnw (rwgu Awsw CMq rcnw dw ivSyS sMdrB). AMimRqsr, gurU rwm dws; jIvn qy rcnw (rwgu Awsw CMq rcnw dw ivSyS sMdrB). AMimRqsr,
srvpRIq isMG, 1993. srvpRIq isMG, 1993. srvpRIq isMG, 1993. srvpRIq isMG, 1993. # iF`loN, hrijMdr isMG# iF`loN, hrijMdr isMG# iF`loN, hrijMdr isMG# iF`loN, hrijMdr isMG gurU rwmdws; gurU rwmdws; gurU rwmdws; gurU rwmdws; jIvn, icMqn qy bwxI. AMimRqsr, vwirs Swh PwauNfySn, 1998. jIvn, icMqn qy bwxI. AMimRqsr, vwirs Swh PwauNfySn, 1998. jIvn, icMqn qy bwxI. AMimRqsr, vwirs Swh PwauNfySn, 1998. jIvn, icMqn qy bwxI. AMimRqsr, vwirs Swh PwauNfySn, 1998.
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# iF`loN, byicMq isMG# iF`loN, byicMq isMG# iF`loN, byicMq isMG# iF`loN, byicMq isMG pMjwb dy au`Gy ShId. jlMDr, inaU bu`k kMpnI, 1991. pMjwb dy au`Gy ShId. jlMDr, inaU bu`k kMpnI, 1991. pMjwb dy au`Gy ShId. jlMDr, inaU bu`k kMpnI, 1991. pMjwb dy au`Gy ShId. jlMDr, inaU bu`k kMpnI, 1991. * iF`lNo, mihMdr isMGiF`lNo, mihMdr isMGiF`lNo, mihMdr isMGiF`lNo, mihMdr isMG bilaU stwr G`lUGwrw. pitAwlw, mdwn pbilSrz, 1991. bilaU stwr G`lUGwrw. pitAwlw, mdwn pbilSrz, 1991. bilaU stwr G`lUGwrw. pitAwlw, mdwn pbilSrz, 1991. bilaU stwr G`lUGwrw. pitAwlw, mdwn pbilSrz, 1991. # qwqlw, drSn isMG, sMpw.# qwqlw, drSn isMG, sMpw.# qwqlw, drSn isMG, sMpw.# qwqlw, drSn isMG, sMpw. sMqwlI dy aujwVy dI dwsqwn; SrnwrQIAw dIAW vMf sMbMDI XwdW, sMpwdk drSn sMqwlI dy aujwVy dI dwsqwn; SrnwrQIAw dIAW vMf sMbMDI XwdW, sMpwdk drSn sMqwlI dy aujwVy dI dwsqwn; SrnwrQIAw dIAW vMf sMbMDI XwdW, sMpwdk drSn sMqwlI dy aujwVy dI dwsqwn; SrnwrQIAw dIAW vMf sMbMDI XwdW, sMpwdk drSn
isMG qwqlw Aqy eIAn twlbt. cMfIgisMG qwqlw Aqy eIAn twlbt. cMfIgisMG qwqlw Aqy eIAn twlbt. cMfIgisMG qwqlw Aqy eIAn twlbt. cMfIgVH, lokgIq pRkwSn, 2007. VH, lokgIq pRkwSn, 2007. VH, lokgIq pRkwSn, 2007. VH, lokgIq pRkwSn, 2007. # iqRlok isMG# iqRlok isMG# iqRlok isMG# iqRlok isMG jIvn SRI gurU rwmdws jI. AMimRqsr, jvwhr isMG ikRpwl isMG, m.n. jIvn SRI gurU rwmdws jI. AMimRqsr, jvwhr isMG ikRpwl isMG, m.n. jIvn SRI gurU rwmdws jI. AMimRqsr, jvwhr isMG ikRpwl isMG, m.n. jIvn SRI gurU rwmdws jI. AMimRqsr, jvwhr isMG ikRpwl isMG, m.n. * Qwpr, jgjIq isMGQwpr, jgjIq isMGQwpr, jgjIq isMGQwpr, jgjIq isMG AMiMmRqsr isPqI dw AMiMmRqsr isPqI dw AMiMmRqsr isPqI dw AMiMmRqsr isPqI dw Gr. AMbwlw kYNt, inaU lweIP, 1977. Gr. AMbwlw kYNt, inaU lweIP, 1977. Gr. AMbwlw kYNt, inaU lweIP, 1977. Gr. AMbwlw kYNt, inaU lweIP, 1977. * drSndrSndrSndrSn vwr AMimRqsr kI, sMpwdk gMfw isMG. AMimRqsr, is`K ihstrI soswietI, 1951. vwr AMimRqsr kI, sMpwdk gMfw isMG. AMimRqsr, is`K ihstrI soswietI, 1951. vwr AMimRqsr kI, sMpwdk gMfw isMG. AMimRqsr, is`K ihstrI soswietI, 1951. vwr AMimRqsr kI, sMpwdk gMfw isMG. AMimRqsr, is`K ihstrI soswietI, 1951. # dlyr, ey.AYs.# dlyr, ey.AYs.# dlyr, ey.AYs.# dlyr, ey.AYs. KUn ShIdKUn ShIdKUn ShIdKUn ShIdW dw. AMimRqsr, lyKk, 2009. W dw. AMimRqsr, lyKk, 2009. W dw. AMimRqsr, lyKk, 2009. W dw. AMimRqsr, lyKk, 2009. * dlyr, ey.AYs.dlyr, ey.AYs.dlyr, ey.AYs.dlyr, ey.AYs. gurU dw c`k; AMimRqsr dI DrqI. AMimRqsr, lyKk, 1977. gurU dw c`k; AMimRqsr dI DrqI. AMimRqsr, lyKk, 1977. gurU dw c`k; AMimRqsr dI DrqI. AMimRqsr, lyKk, 1977. gurU dw c`k; AMimRqsr dI DrqI. AMimRqsr, lyKk, 1977. ** idaul, jI.AYs.** idaul, jI.AYs.** idaul, jI.AYs.** idaul, jI.AYs. jilHAWvwlw bwg. pitAwlwjilHAWvwlw bwg. pitAwlwjilHAWvwlw bwg. pitAwlwjilHAWvwlw bwg. pitAwlw, BwSw ivBwg,pMjwb, 1979. , BwSw ivBwg,pMjwb, 1979. , BwSw ivBwg,pMjwb, 1979. , BwSw ivBwg,pMjwb, 1979. * idlgIr, hrijMdr isMGidlgIr, hrijMdr isMGidlgIr, hrijMdr isMGidlgIr, hrijMdr isMG Akwl qKq swihb; PlsPw Aqy qvwrIK. bYljIAm, is`K XUnIvristI sYNtr, Akwl qKq swihb; PlsPw Aqy qvwrIK. bYljIAm, is`K XUnIvristI sYNtr, Akwl qKq swihb; PlsPw Aqy qvwrIK. bYljIAm, is`K XUnIvristI sYNtr, Akwl qKq swihb; PlsPw Aqy qvwrIK. bYljIAm, is`K XUnIvristI sYNtr,
2000. 2000. 2000. 2000.
53
* idlgIr, hrijMdr isMGidlgIr, hrijMdr isMGidlgIr, hrijMdr isMGidlgIr, hrijMdr isMG is`K qvwrIK 'c Akwl qKq swihb dw rol. bYljIAm, is`K XUnIvristI pRYs, is`K qvwrIK 'c Akwl qKq swihb dw rol. bYljIAm, is`K XUnIvristI pRYs, is`K qvwrIK 'c Akwl qKq swihb dw rol. bYljIAm, is`K XUnIvristI pRYs, is`K qvwrIK 'c Akwl qKq swihb dw rol. bYljIAm, is`K XUnIvristI pRYs,
2008. 2008. 2008. 2008. # idlgIr, hrijMdr isMG# idlgIr, hrijMdr isMG# idlgIr, hrijMdr isMG# idlgIr, hrijMdr isMG SRomxI AkwlI dl (1920SRomxI AkwlI dl (1920SRomxI AkwlI dl (1920SRomxI AkwlI dl (1920----2000). dUjw sMskrx bYljIAm, is`K XUnIvristI 2000). dUjw sMskrx bYljIAm, is`K XUnIvristI 2000). dUjw sMskrx bYljIAm, is`K XUnIvristI 2000). dUjw sMskrx bYljIAm, is`K XUnIvristI
sYNtr, 2000. sYNtr, 2000. sYNtr, 2000. sYNtr, 2000. * dIn idAwl isMGdIn idAwl isMGdIn idAwl isMGdIn idAwl isMG fwiemMf jublI bu`k; AYjUkySnl kmytI ,cIP Kwlsw dIvwn AMimRqsr Aqy srb ihMd fwiemMf jublI bu`k; AYjUkySnl kmytI ,cIP Kwlsw dIvwn AMimRqsr Aqy srb ihMd fwiemMf jublI bu`k; AYjUkySnl kmytI ,cIP Kwlsw dIvwn AMimRqsr Aqy srb ihMd fwiemMf jublI bu`k; AYjUkySnl kmytI ,cIP Kwlsw dIvwn AMimRqsr Aqy srb ihMd
is`K AYjUkySnl kwnPrMs 75 swlW dw sMKyp vrnx qy jwxkwrI 1908is`K AYjUkySnl kwnPrMs 75 swlW dw sMKyp vrnx qy jwxkwrI 1908is`K AYjUkySnl kwnPrMs 75 swlW dw sMKyp vrnx qy jwxkwrI 1908is`K AYjUkySnl kwnPrMs 75 swlW dw sMKyp vrnx qy jwxkwrI 1908----1983. 1983. 1983. 1983. AMimRqsr, cIP Kwlsw dIvwn, m.n. AMimRqsr, cIP Kwlsw dIvwn, m.n. AMimRqsr, cIP Kwlsw dIvwn, m.n. AMimRqsr, cIP Kwlsw dIvwn, m.n.
** d`q, vI.AYs.** d`q, vI.AYs.** d`q, vI.AYs.** d`q, vI.AYs. jilHAWvwlw bwg. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1972. jilHAWvwlw bwg. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1972. jilHAWvwlw bwg. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1972. jilHAWvwlw bwg. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1972. * DwlIvwl, kyvl, sMpw.DwlIvwl, kyvl, sMpw.DwlIvwl, kyvl, sMpw.DwlIvwl, kyvl, sMpw. AMimRqsr dw rMgmMc. AMimRqsr, mMc rMgmMc, m.n. AMimRqsr dw rMgmMc. AMimRqsr, mMc rMgmMc, m.n. AMimRqsr dw rMgmMc. AMimRqsr, mMc rMgmMc, m.n. AMimRqsr dw rMgmMc. AMimRqsr, mMc rMgmMc, m.n. # nrwiex isMG, sMpw.# nrwiex isMG, sMpw.# nrwiex isMG, sMpw.# nrwiex isMG, sMpw. isMG grj. AMimRqsr, gurmiq pusqk BMfwr, 2003. isMG grj. AMimRqsr, gurmiq pusqk BMfwr, 2003. isMG grj. AMimRqsr, gurmiq pusqk BMfwr, 2003. isMG grj. AMimRqsr, gurmiq pusqk BMfwr, 2003. ## nirMdrpwl isMG## nirMdrpwl isMG## nirMdrpwl isMG## nirMdrpwl isMG pMjwb dw ieiqhws. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1969. pMjwb dw ieiqhws. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1969. pMjwb dw ieiqhws. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1969. pMjwb dw ieiqhws. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, 1969. * nwrw, eISr isMGnwrw, eISr isMGnwrw, eISr isMGnwrw, eISr isMG gurU nwnk pRkwS ArQwq ieiqhws gurU rwmdws jI swihb qy sRI AMimRqsr sQwpnw gurU nwnk pRkwS ArQwq ieiqhws gurU rwmdws jI swihb qy sRI AMimRqsr sQwpnw gurU nwnk pRkwS ArQwq ieiqhws gurU rwmdws jI swihb qy sRI AMimRqsr sQwpnw gurU nwnk pRkwS ArQwq ieiqhws gurU rwmdws jI swihb qy sRI AMimRqsr sQwpnw
smwcwr. nvIN id`lI, lyKk, 1977. smwcwr. nvIN id`lI, lyKk, 1977. smwcwr. nvIN id`lI, lyKk, 1977. smwcwr. nvIN id`lI, lyKk, 1977. * nwrw, eISr isMGnwrw, eISr isMGnwrw, eISr isMGnwrw, eISr isMG gurU rwmdws pRkwS ArQwgurU rwmdws pRkwS ArQwgurU rwmdws pRkwS ArQwgurU rwmdws pRkwS ArQwq ieiqhws gurU rwmdws jI swihb qy SRI AMimRqsr q ieiqhws gurU rwmdws jI swihb qy SRI AMimRqsr q ieiqhws gurU rwmdws jI swihb qy SRI AMimRqsr q ieiqhws gurU rwmdws jI swihb qy SRI AMimRqsr
sQwpnw smwcwr. nvI id`lI, lyKk, 1977. sQwpnw smwcwr. nvI id`lI, lyKk, 1977. sQwpnw smwcwr. nvI id`lI, lyKk, 1977. sQwpnw smwcwr. nvI id`lI, lyKk, 1977.
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# inrMjn isMG# inrMjn isMG# inrMjn isMG# inrMjn isMG pMjwb dy pRis`D sMq mhWpurK. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 1993. pMjwb dy pRis`D sMq mhWpurK. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 1993. pMjwb dy pRis`D sMq mhWpurK. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 1993. pMjwb dy pRis`D sMq mhWpurK. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 1993. # pdm, # pdm, # pdm, # pdm, ipAwrw isMGipAwrw isMGipAwrw isMGipAwrw isMG sMKyp is`K ieiqhws (1469sMKyp is`K ieiqhws (1469sMKyp is`K ieiqhws (1469sMKyp is`K ieiqhws (1469----1499). AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 1990. 1499). AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 1990. 1499). AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 1990. 1499). AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 1990. * pRkwS isMGpRkwS isMGpRkwS isMGpRkwS isMG gurU rwmdws jI qy sRI AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, drbwr swihb, 1968. gurU rwmdws jI qy sRI AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, drbwr swihb, 1968. gurU rwmdws jI qy sRI AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, drbwr swihb, 1968. gurU rwmdws jI qy sRI AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, drbwr swihb, 1968. ######## pRqwp isMGpRqwp isMGpRqwp isMGpRqwp isMG AkwlI lihr. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 1951. AkwlI lihr. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 1951. AkwlI lihr. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 1951. AkwlI lihr. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 1951. * pRqwp isMGpRqwp isMGpRqwp isMGpRqwp isMG AMimRqsr isPqI dw Gr SIR AMimRqsr dw ieiqhws qy gwief. AMimRqsr, BweI AMimRqsr isPqI dw Gr SIR AMimRqsr dw ieiqhws qy gwief. AMimRqsr, BweI AMimRqsr isPqI dw Gr SIR AMimRqsr dw ieiqhws qy gwief. AMimRqsr, BweI AMimRqsr isPqI dw Gr SIR AMimRqsr dw ieiqhws qy gwief. AMimRqsr, BweI
au`qm isMG gurbcn isMG, 1977. au`qm isMG gurbcn isMG, 1977. au`qm isMG gurbcn isMG, 1977. au`qm isMG gurbcn isMG, 1977. # pRqwp isMG# pRqwp isMG# pRqwp isMG# pRqwp isMG gurduAwrw suDwr ArQwq AkwlI lihr. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw bRdrz, 1983. gurduAwrw suDwr ArQwq AkwlI lihr. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw bRdrz, 1983. gurduAwrw suDwr ArQwq AkwlI lihr. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw bRdrz, 1983. gurduAwrw suDwr ArQwq AkwlI lihr. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw bRdrz, 1983. # pRym, pRym isMG# pRym, pRym isMG# pRym, pRym isMG# pRym, pRym isMG kurbwnI dy puMj BwgkurbwnI dy puMj BwgkurbwnI dy puMj BwgkurbwnI dy puMj Bwg---- 1. qIjw sMskrx cMfIgVH, pMjw1. qIjw sMskrx cMfIgVH, pMjw1. qIjw sMskrx cMfIgVH, pMjw1. qIjw sMskrx cMfIgVH, pMjwb styt XUnIvristI tYkst b styt XUnIvristI tYkst b styt XUnIvristI tYkst b styt XUnIvristI tYkst
bu`k borf, 1995. bu`k borf, 1995. bu`k borf, 1995. bu`k borf, 1995. # pRym, pRym isMG# pRym, pRym isMG# pRym, pRym isMG# pRym, pRym isMG kurbwnI dy puMj BwgkurbwnI dy puMj BwgkurbwnI dy puMj BwgkurbwnI dy puMj Bwg---- 2. qIjw sMskrx cMfIgVH, pMjwb XUnIvristI tYkst bu`k 2. qIjw sMskrx cMfIgVH, pMjwb XUnIvristI tYkst bu`k 2. qIjw sMskrx cMfIgVH, pMjwb XUnIvristI tYkst bu`k 2. qIjw sMskrx cMfIgVH, pMjwb XUnIvristI tYkst bu`k
borf, 1995. borf, 1995. borf, 1995. borf, 1995. * pwl suirMdrjIq ipwl suirMdrjIq ipwl suirMdrjIq ipwl suirMdrjIq isMGsMGsMGsMG AMimRqsr dI DrqI qy hor kivqwvw. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn isMG, AMimRqsr dI DrqI qy hor kivqwvw. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn isMG, AMimRqsr dI DrqI qy hor kivqwvw. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn isMG, AMimRqsr dI DrqI qy hor kivqwvw. AMimRqsr, BweI cqr isMG jIvn isMG,
1999. 1999. 1999. 1999. ** ipAwrw isMG inrCl** ipAwrw isMG inrCl** ipAwrw isMG inrCl** ipAwrw isMG inrCl sQwpnw SRI AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, lyKk, 1977. sQwpnw SRI AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, lyKk, 1977. sQwpnw SRI AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, lyKk, 1977. sQwpnw SRI AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, lyKk, 1977.
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## ## ## ## iPlOrI, SrDw rwmiPlOrI, SrDw rwmiPlOrI, SrDw rwmiPlOrI, SrDw rwm is`KW dy rwj dI iviQAw. jlMDr, 1956. is`KW dy rwj dI iviQAw. jlMDr, 1956. is`KW dy rwj dI iviQAw. jlMDr, 1956. is`KW dy rwj dI iviQAw. jlMDr, 1956. * bhwdr isMGbhwdr isMGbhwdr isMGbhwdr isMG AMimRqsr gRMQ. AMimRqsr, cSmynUr, 1894. AMimRqsr gRMQ. AMimRqsr, cSmynUr, 1894. AMimRqsr gRMQ. AMimRqsr, cSmynUr, 1894. AMimRqsr gRMQ. AMimRqsr, cSmynUr, 1894. # btwlvI, Aihmd Swh# btwlvI, Aihmd Swh# btwlvI, Aihmd Swh# btwlvI, Aihmd Swh qwrIKqwrIKqwrIKqwrIK----eyeyeyey----pMjwb, Anuvwdk gurbKS isMG. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, pMjwb, Anuvwdk gurbKS isMG. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, pMjwb, Anuvwdk gurbKS isMG. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI, pMjwb, Anuvwdk gurbKS isMG. pitAwlw, pMjwbI XUnIvristI,
1969. 1969. 1969. 1969. ** blkwr isMG** blkwr isMG** blkwr isMG** blkwr isMG Akwl qKq swihb joq qy jugq. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, Akwl qKq swihb joq qy jugq. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, Akwl qKq swihb joq qy jugq. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, Akwl qKq swihb joq qy jugq. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI,
1995. 1995. 1995. 1995. * Bgq isMGBgq isMGBgq isMGBgq isMG isPqI dw Gr Aqy jIvn SRI gurU rwmdws jI smyq cwr sO swlw ieiqhws sRI isPqI dw Gr Aqy jIvn SRI gurU rwmdws jI smyq cwr sO swlw ieiqhws sRI isPqI dw Gr Aqy jIvn SRI gurU rwmdws jI smyq cwr sO swlw ieiqhws sRI isPqI dw Gr Aqy jIvn SRI gurU rwmdws jI smyq cwr sO swlw ieiqhws sRI
AMimRqsr jI. nvI id`lI, suMdr, 1977. AMimRqsr jI. nvI id`lI, suMdr, 1977. AMimRqsr jI. nvI id`lI, suMdr, 1977. AMimRqsr jI. nvI id`lI, suMdr, 1977. * Bjn isMGBjn isMGBjn isMGBjn isMG SRI hirmMdr swihb. cMfIgVH, pMjwb stySRI hirmMdr swihb. cMfIgVH, pMjwb stySRI hirmMdr swihb. cMfIgVH, pMjwb stySRI hirmMdr swihb. cMfIgVH, pMjwb styt XUnIvristI tYkstt XUnIvristI tYkstt XUnIvristI tYkstt XUnIvristI tYkst----bu`k borf, 1999. bu`k borf, 1999. bu`k borf, 1999. bu`k borf, 1999. # BrpUr isMG# BrpUr isMG# BrpUr isMG# BrpUr isMG BgqI qy SkqI dw kyNdr. AMimRqsr, rGbIr rcnw pRkwSn, 1978. BgqI qy SkqI dw kyNdr. AMimRqsr, rGbIr rcnw pRkwSn, 1978. BgqI qy SkqI dw kyNdr. AMimRqsr, rGbIr rcnw pRkwSn, 1978. BgqI qy SkqI dw kyNdr. AMimRqsr, rGbIr rcnw pRkwSn, 1978. ## BMgU, rqn isMG## BMgU, rqn isMG## BMgU, rqn isMG## BMgU, rqn isMG sRI gurU pMQ pRkwS,sRI gurU pMQ pRkwS,sRI gurU pMQ pRkwS,sRI gurU pMQ pRkwS, sMpwdk jIq isMG sIql. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk sMpwdk jIq isMG sIql. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk sMpwdk jIq isMG sIql. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk sMpwdk jIq isMG sIql. AMimRqsr, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk
kmytI, 1984. kmytI, 1984. kmytI, 1984. kmytI, 1984. # BMgU, rqn isMG# BMgU, rqn isMG# BMgU, rqn isMG# BMgU, rqn isMG SRI gurU pMQ pRkwS, sMpwdk blvMq isMG iF`loN. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 2004. SRI gurU pMQ pRkwS, sMpwdk blvMq isMG iF`loN. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 2004. SRI gurU pMQ pRkwS, sMpwdk blvMq isMG iF`loN. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 2004. SRI gurU pMQ pRkwS, sMpwdk blvMq isMG iF`loN. AMimRqsr, isMG bRdrz, 2004. # # # # BMgU, rqn isMGBMgU, rqn isMGBMgU, rqn isMGBMgU, rqn isMG pRwcIn pMQ pRkwS, sMpwdk vIr isMG. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw smwcwr, 1962. pRwcIn pMQ pRkwS, sMpwdk vIr isMG. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw smwcwr, 1962. pRwcIn pMQ pRkwS, sMpwdk vIr isMG. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw smwcwr, 1962. pRwcIn pMQ pRkwS, sMpwdk vIr isMG. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw smwcwr, 1962.
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# B`lw, jsbIr isMG# B`lw, jsbIr isMG# B`lw, jsbIr isMG# B`lw, jsbIr isMG ieiqhws bwbw b`uFw jI. id`lI, mnpRIq pRkwSn, 2003. ieiqhws bwbw b`uFw jI. id`lI, mnpRIq pRkwSn, 2003. ieiqhws bwbw b`uFw jI. id`lI, mnpRIq pRkwSn, 2003. ieiqhws bwbw b`uFw jI. id`lI, mnpRIq pRkwSn, 2003. # B`lw, jsbIr isMG# B`lw, jsbIr isMG# B`lw, jsbIr isMG# B`lw, jsbIr isMG ieiqhwsk gurduAwry; ie`k srvyKx. id`lI, mnpRIq pRkwSn, 2001. ieiqhwsk gurduAwry; ie`k srvyKx. id`lI, mnpRIq pRkwSn, 2001. ieiqhwsk gurduAwry; ie`k srvyKx. id`lI, mnpRIq pRkwSn, 2001. ieiqhwsk gurduAwry; ie`k srvyKx. id`lI, mnpRIq pRkwSn, 2001. * mhW isMG, sMpw.mhW isMG, sMpw.mhW isMG, sMpw.mhW isMG, sMpw. SRI drbwr swihb. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw smwcwr, 1963. SRI drbwr swihb. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw smwcwr, 1963. SRI drbwr swihb. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw smwcwr, 1963. SRI drbwr swihb. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw smwcwr, 1963. # # # # mihqwb isMGmihqwb isMGmihqwb isMGmihqwb isMG nWvW qy QWvW dw koS. AMimRqsr, myhr isMG sujwn isMG, 1959. nWvW qy QWvW dw koS. AMimRqsr, myhr isMG sujwn isMG, 1959. nWvW qy QWvW dw koS. AMimRqsr, myhr isMG sujwn isMG, 1959. nWvW qy QWvW dw koS. AMimRqsr, myhr isMG sujwn isMG, 1959. * mjITw, rwm isMGmjITw, rwm isMGmjITw, rwm isMGmjITw, rwm isMG AMimRqsr dy juJwr joDy. AMimRqsr, izlw PrIfm PweItrj AwrgynweIzySn, AMimRqsr dy juJwr joDy. AMimRqsr, izlw PrIfm PweItrj AwrgynweIzySn, AMimRqsr dy juJwr joDy. AMimRqsr, izlw PrIfm PweItrj AwrgynweIzySn, AMimRqsr dy juJwr joDy. AMimRqsr, izlw PrIfm PweItrj AwrgynweIzySn,
1983. 1983. 1983. 1983. * mnsuKwnI, goibMd isMGmnsuKwnI, goibMd isMGmnsuKwnI, goibMd isMGmnsuKwnI, goibMd isMG gurU rwmdws; jIvn bwxI qy PlsPw. AMimRqsr, lok swihq, 1997. gurU rwmdws; jIvn bwxI qy PlsPw. AMimRqsr, lok swihq, 1997. gurU rwmdws; jIvn bwxI qy PlsPw. AMimRqsr, lok swihq, 1997. gurU rwmdws; jIvn bwxI qy PlsPw. AMimRqsr, lok swihq, 1997. # mwn isMG inrMkwrI# mwn isMG inrMkwrI# mwn isMG inrMkwrI# mwn isMG inrMkwrI pMjwb dw Gor duKWq. cMfIgVH, lokgIq pRkwSn, 20pMjwb dw Gor duKWq. cMfIgVH, lokgIq pRkwSn, 20pMjwb dw Gor duKWq. cMfIgVH, lokgIq pRkwSn, 20pMjwb dw Gor duKWq. cMfIgVH, lokgIq pRkwSn, 2008. 08. 08. 08. ## imhr isMG## imhr isMG## imhr isMG## imhr isMG gurpurb drSn. AMimRqsr, Arjn isMG jYml isMG, m.n. gurpurb drSn. AMimRqsr, Arjn isMG jYml isMG, m.n. gurpurb drSn. AMimRqsr, Arjn isMG jYml isMG, m.n. gurpurb drSn. AMimRqsr, Arjn isMG jYml isMG, m.n. * muhkmdInmuhkmdInmuhkmdInmuhkmdIn ausiqq SRI drbwr AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, gulwb isMG, 1869. ausiqq SRI drbwr AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, gulwb isMG, 1869. ausiqq SRI drbwr AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, gulwb isMG, 1869. ausiqq SRI drbwr AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, gulwb isMG, 1869. * irport SRRI drbwr swihb SRI AMimRqsr; AkwlI lihr qo bwAd pihlI irportirport SRRI drbwr swihb SRI AMimRqsr; AkwlI lihr qo bwAd pihlI irportirport SRRI drbwr swihb SRI AMimRqsr; AkwlI lihr qo bwAd pihlI irportirport SRRI drbwr swihb SRI AMimRqsr; AkwlI lihr qo bwAd pihlI irport----1929., m.n. 1929., m.n. 1929., m.n. 1929., m.n. ## irport SRI drbwr swihb AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, SRI drbwr swihb kmytI, 1932. ## irport SRI drbwr swihb AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, SRI drbwr swihb kmytI, 1932. ## irport SRI drbwr swihb AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, SRI drbwr swihb kmytI, 1932. ## irport SRI drbwr swihb AMimRqsr. AMimRqsr, SRI drbwr swihb kmytI, 1932.
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* virAwm isMvirAwm isMvirAwm isMvirAwm isMGGGG AMimRqsr jI dy srovr dI kwr syvw. AMimRqsr, gurmq pRYs, 1923. AMimRqsr jI dy srovr dI kwr syvw. AMimRqsr, gurmq pRYs, 1923. AMimRqsr jI dy srovr dI kwr syvw. AMimRqsr, gurmq pRYs, 1923. AMimRqsr jI dy srovr dI kwr syvw. AMimRqsr, gurmq pRYs, 1923. * virAwm isMGvirAwm isMGvirAwm isMGvirAwm isMG SRI AMimRqsr jI dy s`c KMf srovr dI kwr (ih`sw pihlw). AMimRqsr, gurmq pRYs, SRI AMimRqsr jI dy s`c KMf srovr dI kwr (ih`sw pihlw). AMimRqsr, gurmq pRYs, SRI AMimRqsr jI dy s`c KMf srovr dI kwr (ih`sw pihlw). AMimRqsr, gurmq pRYs, SRI AMimRqsr jI dy s`c KMf srovr dI kwr (ih`sw pihlw). AMimRqsr, gurmq pRYs,
1923. 1923. 1923. 1923. * ividAwvqIividAwvqIividAwvqIividAwvqI gurU rwmdws jIvn qy bwxI. smwxw, sMgm pblIkySnz, 2005. gurU rwmdws jIvn qy bwxI. smwxw, sMgm pblIkySnz, 2005. gurU rwmdws jIvn qy bwxI. smwxw, sMgm pblIkySnz, 2005. gurU rwmdws jIvn qy bwxI. smwxw, sMgm pblIkySnz, 2005. * SIR drbwr swihb jI dy sMKyp hwl. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw trYkt suswietI, 1993. SIR drbwr swihb jI dy sMKyp hwl. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw trYkt suswietI, 1993. SIR drbwr swihb jI dy sMKyp hwl. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw trYkt suswietI, 1993. SIR drbwr swihb jI dy sMKyp hwl. AMimRqsr, Kwlsw trYkt suswietI, 1993.
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h`Q ilKq nM : MS 193 g isrlyK : ausqiq sRI AMimRqsr (ADUrI) lyKk : kvI sONDw p`qry : 329 A – 333 A Awkwr : 11X13 s.m. ilKq: 8X10 s.m. vyrvw : EhI Awm vyrvwAwm vyrvwAwm vyrvwAwm vyrvw : EhI: EhI: EhI: EhI
AwrMB : AQ ausqiq sRI AMimRqsr jI kI ] CMdu ] qIn lok mih qwlu n AYsw jYsw dyiKAw AMimRqsr ] qwl miD hir mMdru nIkw mwnhu sRI rwm kw Gr ] moqI cUnI hIrw pMnw qw mih lwgI hY bhu jr ]…
AMq : … gurU rwm dws kw shr Ajwiebu nr nwrI suKu pwvYgo ] dgr bgr bwjwr AO bI QI keI jojn lO hoie jwvYgo ] jo jo ngrI inkt bsY Ab bIc bwjwrin AwvYgo ] qo dy bIc bjwr muhr ky kOfI ko n curwvYgo ] pRgt mwieAw sB hI QIsI gu…..
h`Q ilKq nM : MS 655 A
isrlyK : ausqq sRI AMmRqsr jI kw ] lyKk : sONDw sQwn : kwly p`qry : 32 a - 37 A Akwr : 15 X 12 s.m. ilKq : 11 X 11 s.m. vyrvw : EhI [sqrW pRqI pMnw-10 hn[ Awm vyrvw : ilKweI Awm krky TIk TIk [ poQI dI hwlq cMgI [ AwrMB : “< siqgur pRswid ]sRI vwhgurU jI kI Pqy ] ausqq sRI AMmRqsr jI kI ] CMd]” AMq : AMimRqsr qy qIn kos kwly pscm Er ] sMDU bhu qw mY bsY auqmu hY vhu Taur] vwsI iqs
hI ngr kw soNDw kv (kiv) kw nwau ] sMqn kI srnwgqI rwKY iqn kau rwm ] ausqiq sMpUrnM ] sRI AMmRqsr jI kI ] pVy suxy moK muKiq pwvY Bul cuk soD pVnw [
59
h`Q ilKq nM : MS 1102 e isrlyK : ausqiq sRI AMimRqsru jI kI p`qry : 45 A – 57 A Awkwr : 15 X 10 s.m. ilKq : 9.5 X 5.5 s.m. vyrvw : EhI [ sqrW pRqI pMnw-7 hn[ Awm vyrvw : hVqwl Pyr ky suDweI kIqI hoeI hY [ ilKweI DibAW vwlI [ AwrMB : “< siqgur pRswid ] ausqiq sRI AMimRqsru jI kI ] qIn lok mY qwlu n AYsw jYsw dyiKAw sRI
AMimRqsir ] qwl mD hirmMdir nIkw mwno sRI rwm jI kw Gr ] moqI cunI hIrw pMnw qw mih lwgI hY bhu jir ]”
AMq : “sMqn kI srxwgqI rwKY iqn kO rwm 3 ] ausqiq sRI AMimRqsru kI smwpiq Bul cUk bKs lYxw]” ] ] ] ]
h`Q ilKq nM : MS 57 c isrlyK : ausqq sRI drbwr swihb jI kI lyKk : sONDw kiv p`qry : 114 a- 121 a sQwn : AMimRqsr (kwly ipMf) Awkwr : 12X18 s.m. ilKq: 9X12 s. m. vyrvw : EhI ivSys : sONDw kiv qy Ph.D. ho cu`kI hY qy QIisz Cp cuikAw hY[ lyKk fw: Drm isMG hY] Awm vyrvw : EhI ArMB : < siqgur pRswid] ausqiq sRI drbwr swihb jI kI] svYXw KwrI mY bYT qIAw inj sIs pY
ipMgl eyik qhW clw AwieAw] nwvq kwg BieAw iqh sÍyq su dyKu kY ipMgl qW ko luBwieAw] mY iesnwn krO ies nIr mY so Awpny mn mY TihrwieAw] …
AMq : …ausqiq jo gurduAwr kI soNDy khI bnwie] sun kir ikrpw kIjIau siq gur hoie shwie] AMimRqsr qy qIn kos kwly pscm aur] sMDU bhu qw mY bsY auqm hY vhu Tor] vwsI iqs hI ngR kw soDW k`v kw nwmu] sMqn kI srnw gqI gKY iqn ko rwm]
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h`Q ilKq nM : MS 448 k isrlyK : AMimRqsr ausqq lyKk : rvwl kiv p`qry : 41 a Akwr : 28.5X19 s.m. ilKq: 24.5X15 s.m. vyrvw : EhI Awm vyrvw : EhI AwrMB : < sqgur pRswid ] kYsI rv rsm Gtw pY hY thl isMG jYsI nIl mnn kIAw vlI phwr
hY ] kYsI nIl minn kIAw vlI sbj sYl jYsI ibRj kMujn mY Xmunw kI Dwr dyKI jYsI bIjurI ky swr pwnp Apwr hY ] kYsI bujuIrI ky swr pwnp Apwr dyKI jYsI sRI guibMd isMG qyrI qrvwr hY ]…
AMq : …gjY sur hÍW qo eIhW swDU sur gjY sdw suDw hÍY dW qo eIhW suDwsr ko drs hY ] pWn kIey vWky hoq Amr sumh hMU ky jIvn mukœ ey sB ky prs hY ] gÍwl kiv jogin kO durlB khW hY vY jogI BogI duhn ko hoq Xih Xh rs hY ] hÍW hY hirmMdr eIhW hir gur mMdr hY XW qy gurpur surpur qy srs hY ] 6 ]
h`Q ilKq : MS 711 | isrlyK : AMimRqsr jI kI mirAwdw p`qry : 29 a – 30 a Akwr : 20 X 11 s.m. ilKq : 14 X 7 s.m. vyrvw : EhI [ sqrW pRqI pMnw –7 hn[ Awm vyrvw : poQI dI hwlq Awm krky cMgI [ AwrMB : “< siqgur pRswid ] 0 0 0 0 Awid bIcwr ] AMimRqsr jI kI imrjdw (mirAwdw) sq
gmwnu 18000 ATwrih hjwrw Gumwau ivic ibsbwr Awhw ] Aqy suieny dIAw pauVIAW AwhIAw]”
AMq : “jy koeI audmu kr kY iesnwnu kr kY iesnwn krygw iqs kI prm hiq hovYgI ]”
61
h`Q ilKq nM : MS 17 A isrlyK : AMimRqsr mhwqm p`qry : 11 A -14 A Awkwr : 17X17 s.m. ilKq: 9X12 s.m. vyrvw : EhI Awm vyrvw : EhI AwrMB : < sRI gxyswie nm: dohrw] sRI siqgur nwnk sdw pUjau duie kir jor] jwqy sMsy sB imtY
auqm miq ijm Bor] [ ]dohrw]gur gxys Aru swrdw bMdo ihq icq lwie] jwkI ikRpw iblwsqy auqm mq ko pwie]2]…
AMq : …do :] ikRq jug pRBwv sr qum kihXo mmnwQ] qRyqw ko pRBwv Puin kho skl ibD gwQ]6] ieiq sRI BivKXq purwxy aumw mhysur sMbwdy AimRqsr mhwqmy nwm duqIE iDAwie]2] sRI mhwdyvau vwc dohrw
h`Q ilKq nM : MS 59 e isrlyK : AMimRqsr mhwqm p`qry : 225 A -259 A Awkwr : 12X16 s.m. ilKq: 9X12 s.m. vyrvw : EhI Awm vyrvwAwm vyrvwAwm vyrvwAwm vyrvw : EhI: EhI: EhI: EhI ArMB : <siqgur pRswid] ]dohrw] gur gnys Ar swrdw bMdo ihq icq lwie] jwkI ikRpw iblwsqy
aUqm miq ko pwie]1]… AMq : …drb dyh dwn dyh mwn dyih qws Awdr kIjIAY] sr so js sunwie dyh goibdg pRIq lwie
dyh mukq pMQ idKwie qw sun nmskwr kIjIAY] hir crn pRIq lwie dyh gur ko js sunwie dyih kwl pMQ Cfwie qws crn pUjIAY] sMq sMg kIjIAY dwn mwn dIjIAY] jnm lwB jIjIAY so AYsI miq dIjIAY] ieq sRI BivKq purwny amw mhys sMbwdy AMimRqsr mhwqmy nwm As†moiDAw sm,wpiq msq suB Asq] APjU]=]
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h`Q ilKq nM : MS 938 | isrlyK : AMimRqsr mhwqm p`qry : 481 A - 488 A Awkwr : 41 X 34 s.m. ilKq : 31 X 28 s.m. vyrvw : EhI [ sqrW pRqI pMnw - 22 hn[ Awm vyrvw : hwSIey qoN bwhr vI iliKAw hoieAw hY [ hVqwl Pyr ky suDweI kIqI hoeI [ ilKweI suMdr, poQI
dI hwlq TIk TIk [ AwrMB : <siqgur pRswid ] dohrw ] gur gxso Ar swrdw bMdau ihq icq lwie ] jwkI ikrpw
iblws qy auqm miq ko pwie ] 1] dohrw ] jy gxys ikRpw kry mUk hoie vw cwl ] ipgM cry prbq Aimq pwvY buiD ibswl ] 2 dohrw ] sIqw pq ky crn kO bMDau bwrMbwr ] jw kI ikRpw iblws qy auqro swgr pwr ]3] dohrw ] sMq crx Pun bMd kY bMdau sMqn rYx ] jwkI ikRpw ktWK qy dIsq hY hir nYx ]4] cOpeI ] prbq mY suMdr kYlwsw ] aumw sMB qhk rYin vwsw ] pwd kv tp suMdr qih sohY ] jo iblok mun ky mn mohY ] qIn kwl suMdr qh CwieAw ]
AMq : pMnw nMbr 487 - 88 “AstomoiDAwie ] hir crn pRIq lwie dyih gur ko jsu sunwie dyih kwl pMQ Cfwie dyih qws crn pUjIey ] sMq sMg kIjIey dwn mwn dIjIey jnm lwB lIjIey AYysI miq BIjIey ]37] ieiq sRI BivKq purwny aumw mhysr sMbwd AMimRqsr mhwqmy nwm Astmo iDAwie ]8]1] Bul cuk bKsxI ] ] ] ] ]
h`Q ilKq nM : MS 50 h isrlyK : AMimRqsr mhwqm lyKk : sMq dws ( tIkwkwr) p`qry : 111 a - 141 a Awkwr : 11X18 s.m. ilKq: 8X12 s. m. vyrvw : EhI Awm vyrvw : ieh ikRq BivKq pUrwn aumw mhySvr sMbwd dw tIkw hY[ ArMB : < siqgur pRswid] dohrw] gur gxys Ar swrdw bMdEu ihq icq lwie] jwkI ikRpw iblws
qy auqm miq ko pwie]1]do] jy gxys ikrpw kry mUk hoie vwcwl] ipMg cry prbq Aimq pwvy buiD iblws]2]…
AMq : …dohrw] ] shs ikRq phly snÎo BwKw krI bnwie] BUl cUk kb kI iCmhu sMq sunhu mn lwie]29] isv gOrI sMbwd ieh igr kYlws pr hoie] sMq dws sMqn sunÎo BwKw krI su soie]30] ieiq sRI BivKÎq purwxy Eumw mhysu sMbwdy AMimRqsR [ AMimRqsr] mhwqmy As†m DÎwX sMpUrn msqu suB msqu]8]
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h`Q ilKq nM : MS 658 sMgRih isrlyK : AMimRqsr mhwqm, gurbwxI p`qry : 1 – 15 , 16 - 350 (gurbwxI) ic`qr: pihlw p`qrw nmUny dw hY Akwr : 17 X 25 s.m. ilKq: 13 X 17 s.m. vyrvw : ijld bwAd ivc bMnI hoeI[ isAwhI kwlI, vKryvyN leI lwl[ hwSIAw nIlI, lwl, kwlIAW
lkIrW ivckwr v`fI pIlI lkIr[ sqrW pRqI pMnw-13 hn[ Awm vyrvw : gRMQ dI hwlq cMgI [ hwSIey ivc ikDry ikDry ilKq, pihlw p`qrw nMbr qoN bgYr KwlI hY, jo
PitAw hoieAw hY qy iek pqrw AKIr qy KwlI hY [ SurU ivc gRMQ dy pMny aupr bhuq suMdr fIzweIn bxwieAw hoieAw hY [
AwrMB : “<siqgur pRswid ] ] ; “sRI gxysswXnm : ] nmonmw : ]do: ] [ gux gxys Aru swrdw bMdo ihqu icqu lwie ] jwkI ikRpw blys qy auqm miq ko pwie ] 1 ] jo gnys ikRpw krY mUk hoie Qw cwil ] ipMgu cVY prbiq Aimiq pwvY buiD ibswlu ] 2 sIqwpiq ky crn ko bMdo bir bwru ] jwkI ikRpw blys qY auqroN swgru pwru ]”
AMq : “ieiq sRI BivKÎq purwxy aumw mhysur sMbwdy AMimRqsr mhwqmy nwmu Asstmo iDAwie smwpqM ] 8 ] 1 ]
ieiq sRI AmimRqsru suDw srovr mhwqmy gurU ausqiq smwpquM msuqu suB msqu ] 1 ] 1 ] ] suMB ] 1 ] ]”
h`Q ilKq : MS 725 k isrlyK : sRI AMimRqsr jU kI ausqiq lyKk : gupwl isMG smW : sMmq 1890 p`qry : 21 a – 25 a Akwr : 17 X 11 s.m. ilKq : 14 X 7 s.m. vyrvw : EhI [ sqrW pRqI pMnw –9 hn[ Awm vyrvw : ilKweI suMdr, poQI dI hwlq TIk [ AwrMB : “AQ sRI AMimRqsr jU kI ausqiq ilKXqy ] ]kibqu]” AMq : “Xh kibq ko dskV jo khXo suDwsr Bwie ] pFY sunY Plu pwveI jo AMimRqsr nwie ]”
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h`Q ilKq nM : MS 1060 k isrlyK : sRI AMimRqsr mhwqm p`qry : 88 A - 104 A Awkwr : 16 X 10 s.m. ilKq: 10X7 s.m. vyrvw : EhI[ sqrW pRqI pMnw-9 hn[ Awm vyrvw : ilKweI suMdr, poQI dI hwlq TIk TIk [ AwrMB : “<siqgur pRswid ]sRI gxyswienm] AQ sRI AMimRqsr mhwqm ilKXqy ] dohrw ]gur
gxys ArU swrdw bMdo ihq icq lwie ] jwkI ikRpw bly sBy auqm miq ko pwie]” AMq : “Bgiq AwpxI dyih mwDo Bv swgr ky Brn ko] ieiq sRI rwm Astk sMpUrxM ]smwpqM] suB
suB msqu suMB Bvyq]”
h`Q ilKq : MS 710 isrlyK : suDwsr dI mihmw AMimRqsr dI isPq lyKk : iDAwn isMG p`qry : 1- 5 A Akwr : 17 X 25 s.m. ilKq : 14 X 20 s.m. vyrvw : ijld KwkI kwgz nwl sIqI hoeI[ isAwhI kwlI[ hwSIAw dovyN pwsy iek iek kwlI lkIr[
sqrW pRqI pMnw-18 hn[ Awm vyrvw : poQI dI hwlq cMgI , ilKweI suMdr [ AwrMB : “< siqgur pRswid ] sYÍ ] sB gurUAn mY gurU nwnk jI qReI lok ibKY ijn nwm jpwXo ]
soeI srUp Bey gurU AMgd sRI gurU Amr srUp shwXo]” AMq : “AYsy AYsy ipAwry ijn Awie ky svwry kwm qwko AB rwm js rhXo jg Cwie kY ] kOlsr nOqn
bnwXo hrKwXo mn Xw qy hm khXo hY kCK js gwiekY ]”