ANDROID Technology
A
PRESENTATION
ON
ByMr. Ravindra Jagannath Mandale
Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science & EngineeringRIT, Rajaramnagar
Mobile computing What is Android ?OHAAndroid’s market sharesAndroid featuresWhy to learn Android?Developers angleAndroid platformArchitecture Tools in androidExamples of advanced appsConclusion
Contents
Mobile devices are making a significant change in our daily life and we are increasingly rely on mobile devices.
Need of Mobile OS.Eg. Google’s Android, Microsoft’s Windows
Mobile, Apple’s iOS, etc.
Mobile Computing
Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications.
Linux kernel based O.S. found by Andy Rubin in 2005.Google ->OHA (Open Handset Alliance)The first truly open and comprehensive platform for
mobile devices such as smart phones or tablet computers.
WHAT IS ANDROID?
A business alliance consisting of 47 companies to develop open standards for mobile devices.
OHA (Open Handset Alliance)
According to GARTNER SURVEY (The world's leading information technology research and advisory company)
Mobile OS market share in Q4 2012
Android’s UI includes windows, views and widgets.
Android provides an integrated browser engine-
Webkit
SQLite for structured data storage
Provides 2D and 3D graphics with OpenGL library
Supports Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, GPRS, EDGE,3G,GSM
telephony, media, camera, compass, accelerometer
(hardware dependent)
Android features
A simple and powerful SDKNo licensing, distribution, or development feesDevelopment over many platform Linux, Mac OS,
Windows, etc.Excellent documentationPrize (amazon’s kindle)Job opportunity
Why Android ?
How to make money? Creation of innovative apps Ads Creation of paid app Creating app in like to the market demand Immediate correct ions of app functionalities after taking input
from users Creating update for the app Challenges Varity of devices Choice of technology Continuous innovation in your app Quality Flexibility of product Changing market trends
Developer's Angle
Platform roadmap
Android Architecture
Providing environment on which every Android application runs Each Android application runs in its own process, with its
own instance of the Dalvik VM. Dalvik has been written such that a device can run multiple
VMs efficiently. Executing the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format
.dex format is optimized for minimal memory footprint. Compilation process
Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM)
Views:
-Building block for UI components.
Eg.button,textview,etc.Activities:
-An activity is a user interface concept. An activity usually represents a single screen in your application. It generally contains one or more views.
-Interaction with users: creating a window to place UI
-full screen windows, floating windows, embedded inside of another activity
-Eg. Registration, Messaging GUI
ANDROID APPLICATION ARCHITECTURE
Services
-Background processes for long durations and higher priority than inactive activities.
- No UI and used for responding for events, eg. N/W operationIntent
-Inter-communication among activities or servicesResource
-Externalization of strings and graphicsBroadcast receivers
-A broadcast receiver is a component that responds to systemwide broadcast announcements. Many broadcasts originate from the system.
-No UI
ANDROID APPLICATION ARCHITECTURE
Notification
-signaling users: Light, sound, icon, dialog, notification
-Eg. new message arrivesContent Providers
-share data between applications
-Android defines a standard mechanism for applications to share data (such as a list of contacts) without exposing the underlying storage, structure, and implementation.
ANDROID APPLICATION ARCHITECTURE
An Android project contains all the files that includes the source code for our Android app. The Android SDK tools make it easy to start a new Android project with a set of default project directories and files.
Two ways:
1) Eclipse (with the ADT plugin)
2) SDK tools from a command line
Creating an Android Project
The Android Emulator(AVD) -Implementation of the Android virtual machine
-Test and debug your android applications.
-limitations include USB connections, camera and video capture, headphones, battery simulation, and Bluetooth.
Dalvik Debug Monitoring Service (DDMS) -Monitor and control the DVM
-Logcat (to see logged messages)
Tools for Android
DALVIK DEBUG MONITORING SERVICE
ANDROID DEBUG BRIDGE(ADB)
-Manage the state of an emulator instance or Android-powered device
-Copy files, install compiled application packages, and run shell commands
Tools available for Android
ANDROID DEBUG BRIDGE(ADB)
Traceview
-Graphical analysis tool for viewing the trace logs from your Android application
-Debug your application and profile its performanceMkSDCard :
-Creates an SDCard disk image
Tools available for Android
Foundation of an Android application.Identify any user permissions the application requires, such as
Internet access or read access to the user’s contacts.Declare the minimum API Level required by the application, based
on which APIs the application uses.Declare hardware and software features used or required by the
application, such as a camera, bluetooth services, or a multitouch screen.
API libraries the application needs to be linked against (other than the Android framework APIs), such as the Google Maps library.
The Manifest File
Symbian:Symbian is only used by Nokia hence Nokian OSSource code for Symbian is not available to anybodyMain feature- Multitasking We cant create applications in this platform since it is licensedAndroid :More modern and user friendlyEasier to use than SymbianOpen source operating systemfeature- Multitasking and it allows to create applications for freeUsed in many new models
Symbian Vs Android
Evernote apps-to prepare notes regarding courses & it has reminder tool.
-to record lecture in classesShare your Board apps-to capture blackboard image in the classQuickpedia -easily access Wikipedia on our phoneGoogle docs apps
-edit and access our document with the help of any computer
Advanced Android Apps
Now a days, Android powers millions of phones, tablets and other devices in a wide variety of screen sizes and form factors. By taking advantage of Android’s flexible layout system, we can create applications that gracefully scale from large tablets to smaller phones.
There are different useful security application programs and services are available for Android whereby a registered users can find the approximate location of the phone. This helps to locate lost or stolen phones.
Summary
For downloading sdk you can visit to following website: http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing/index.html?pkg=adt
Where to find Android SDK?
The Android Application Development College Challenge- IEEE
Online development guide http://developer.android.com/guide/index.html
References