Antenna Design - ReviewAntenna Design - Review
In antenna design, an important design In antenna design, an important design parameter is the wavelength of the EM parameter is the wavelength of the EM wavewave
Wavelength is a function of frequencyWavelength is a function of frequency Antenna length is typically either Antenna length is typically either
1.1. 1 wavelength1 wavelength
2.2. ¼ wavelength¼ wavelength
3.3. ½ wavelength½ wavelength
Frequency vs wavelengthFrequency vs wavelength
Wavelength
¼ wavelength
Wavelength CalculationsWavelength Calculations
Wavelength units:Wavelength units: (wavelength) m/cycle(wavelength) m/cycle f (frequency) cycles/sec = hertzf (frequency) cycles/sec = hertz c (speed of light) m/secc (speed of light) m/sec3.0 x 103.0 x 1088
m/secm/sec Wavelength equationWavelength equation
c / fc / f m/cycle = (m/sec) / (cycles/sec) m/cycle = (m/sec) / (cycles/sec)
Sample calculation Find the wavelength of a frequency of
850 MHz
1. Convert 850 MHz to Hz850 MHz = 850 x 106 Hz = 8.50 x 108 Hz
2. Use wavelength equation= c/f where c = speed of light = 3.0 x 108 m/sec
3. 3.x 108 m/sec ) / (8.50 x 108 cycles/sec)4. = .353 m/cycle
Convert to cm gives
5. = 35.3 cm/cycle6. For a ¼ wavelength antenna =
(35.3cm/cycle)/4=8.825cm/cycle
Design CriteriaDesign Criteria• Maximum size 20mm x 20mmMaximum size 20mm x 20mm• Minimum size 10mm x 10mmMinimum size 10mm x 10mm• Can be rectangular – does not have to be squareCan be rectangular – does not have to be square• Lines need to be about 0.5 mm thickLines need to be about 0.5 mm thick• No sharp cornersNo sharp corners• Length must equal wavelength of chosen applicationLength must equal wavelength of chosen application• Must have a picture frame around the design to Must have a picture frame around the design to allow for cutting into individual antennaallow for cutting into individual antenna• No offensive, controversial, sexual, gang sign, etc. No offensive, controversial, sexual, gang sign, etc. designsdesigns• Keep it simple but originalKeep it simple but original
Some previous Some previous designsdesigns
Some of these designs did not Some of these designs did not follow the design criteriafollow the design criteria
““Hi” designHi” design
Aladdin’s LampAladdin’s LampDimensions not in contrasting
color
Lots of wasted space
XBOX design XBOX design Note-DO NOT USE WHITE ON Note-DO NOT USE WHITE ON
BLACBACKGROUNDBLACBACKGROUND
BatmanBatman
Top Section (enlarged)Full Dimension
Drawing
UNC-Charlotte Crown UNC-Charlotte Crown designdesign
UNCC 49er PickUNCC 49er PickOverall frame size 10.0mm x
8.00 mm
Lots of wasted space
Eagle headEagle head
Clover DesignClover Design
Tree DesignTree Design
UNCC UNCC
Design does not have to be square – can be rectangular provided no side is larger than 20mm
Dilbert Dimension DrawingDilbert Dimension DrawingWay too complex but cool
Final design is 122.5 mm long
The Dilbert Antenna Design
The goal of the dimension drawing is to create a “mask””
•Your mask will be used to create your design on your wafer •It will be printed full size and repeated in rows and columns to fill 100mm wafer•Your mask will be created on a special transparency sheet•Your design will be black to block light with a clear background to allow light to pass•It is a low cost alternative to expensive glass masks which can cost $500 or more each
Antenna Design to Mask Formation – Head Design
Number of good antenna per wafer = 13
Arrayed design printed on special transparency paper
Antenna Design to Mask Formation – Tree Design
Number of good antenna per wafer = 49
Arrayed design printed on special transparency paper
Antenna Design to Mask Formation – Triangle
Design
Number of good antenna per wafer = 21
Arrayed design printed on special transparency paper
Satellite Dish Antenna Satellite Dish Antenna MaskMask
Approximately 70
complete antenna per
wafer
Air Force Logo Antenna Air Force Logo Antenna maskmask
16 complete antenna per
wafer
Death Star Antenna Death Star Antenna MaskMask
Approximately 42
complete antenna per
wafer
Antenna Symbol Antenna Antenna Symbol Antenna MaskMask
Approximately 42
complete antenna per
wafer
UNCC Antenna MaskUNCC Antenna Mask
Approximately 36
complete antenna per
wafer
Dodge Charger MaskDodge Charger Mask
Approximately 84
complete antenna per
wafer
UNCC Crown Antenna UNCC Crown Antenna MaskMask
Approximately 20
complete antenna per
wafer
Simple Spiral Antenna Simple Spiral Antenna DesignDesign
Approximately105 complete antenna per
wafer
Mask TradeoffsMask Tradeoffs
For antennas, size counts, larger is a better antenna
For lower cost, smaller is better – more antenna per wafer gets unit cost lower
For higher quality – use a full length wavelength design
For lower cost – use a ¼ wavelength design
Assignment Assignment One per team required – additional designs are allowed Dimension drawing for your team’s antenna design Overall length must match your antenna design length All corners to be rounded Must Not print on “Black” background Dimensions must be in a contrasting color Keep it simple Preview design before submission Must have a dimensioned frame (box) around the design. This is
necessary as a cutting guide for slicing the wafer into individual antenna. Length and width of frame must be specified.
AutoCAD available on MOSAIC under Mechanical Engineering – Autodesk
AutoCAD tutorial on the Engr 1202 ECE web site TA will work with each team to create their design