SOCIOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY
2SOCIOLOGY
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Sociology Today you may have thought about what to wear. But did you ask yourself where those garments came from, or who made them?
Where am I wearing?
Video
Sociology • Howard Becker defined sociology as the study of people “doing things together.”
• This reminds us that society and the individual are inherently connected, and each depends on the other.
• Sociologists study this link: how society affects the individual and how the individual affects society. 4
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Sociology
is simply, the scientific study of social behavior and human groups focuses on social relationships
on how those relationships influence people’s behavioron how societies, the sum total of those relationships, develop and change.
Cool Insights
from Sociology
Humans cannot be understood apart from social context (i.e. society)
Society makes us who we are by structuring out interactions and laying out an orderly world before us
Society is a social construction, that is, it is an idea created by humans through social interaction and given a reality through our understanding of it and our collective actions. 6
Society Influences
You
Death… Related to society? Of course!
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Baby Names 8
Names that have
gained the most
popularity, 2004 –
20109
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Sociological
imagination
an awareness of the relationship between an individual and the wider society, both today and in the past
rather than only from the perspective of personal experiences and cultural biases.
key element is to view one’s own society as an outsider would
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Example:Divorce
Divorce, for example, is unquestiona
bly a personal
hardship for a husband and wife who split apart.
However, C. Wright Mills advocated using the
sociological imagination
to view divorce not
as simply an individual’s
personal problem but rather as a
societal concern.
Using this perspective, we can see
that an increase in the divorce
rate actually redefines a major social institution—the family.
Today’s households frequently
include stepparents
and halfsiblings
whose parents
have divorced
and remarried.
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Scenario: • You are walking down the street in your city or hometown. In looking around you, you can’t help noticing that half or more of the people you see are overweight. How do you explain your observation?
13ANTHROPOLOGY
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Anthropology
• Comes from Greek words– anthropos • man/human
– logos/logia • study
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Anthropology
• The science of humanity and its society• A scientific study
– of humanity– the similarities and
diversity of cultures, – it attempts to present an
integrated picture of human kind
Anthropology examines
human societies
cultures
communication – past and present
Human Populations
Biological and Cultural
Differences Similarities
What is anthropology?
19GUESS FROM WHAT COUNTRY
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Canada India
New Guine
aChina
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Brazil Kenya
New Guinea
South Yeme
n
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In light of rapid
technological advance, how
different people from various
parts of the world will appear a century from
now?
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Unifying themes in
Anthropology
Universalism
Integration
Adaptation
Holism
Cultural Anthropolog
y
human society and culture
- describes, analyzes, interprets and explains social and cultural similarities and differences
3 Main Branches of
Cultural Anthropology
• - reconstruct the daily life and customs of people who lived in the past and to trace and explain cultural changes.
• - material remains
Archaeology
3 Main Branches of
Cultural Anthropology • changes
that have taken place in language over time.
• contemporary variations
Anthropological Linguistics
3 Main Branches of
Cultural Anthropology
• how and why recent cultures differ and are similar
• - patterns of thought and behavior such as marriage customs, kinship organization, religion, folk, art, music.
3. Ethnology
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ANTHROPOLOGY
Physical Archaeology Anthropological Linguistics
Social/ Cultural
• Paleoanthropology• Primatology• Human Genetics• Demography• Growth &
Development• Osteology (Forensic)
• Prehistoric• Historical• Contract
• Historical• Descriptive• Sociolinguistics• ethnolinguistics
• Economic• Kinship• Medical• Psychological• Urban• Applied• Gender• Political• Religion
Cultural
THINK ABOUT THIS!!!
If one disturbs a woman in the bath,
what body parts does she cover?
According to Helen
Colton (1983)
Islamic woman FACEPrerevolutionary Chinese woman FEETSumatran woman KNEES
According to Helen
Colton (1983)
Laotian woman BREASTS
Samoan woman NAVEL
North American or European woman
BREASTS and GENITAL AREA
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Compare and contrast anthropolog
y and sociology
• Pair activity
33END
THANK YOU!