ANTI-PIRACY OPERATIONS IN THE ANTI-PIRACY OPERATIONS IN THE HORN OF AFRICA. HORN OF AFRICA.
THE HN EXPERIENCE ON COMBATING THE HN EXPERIENCE ON COMBATING PIRACYPIRACY
RSS, Venice 19-22 Oct 2010
Vice Admiral Dimitrios ElefsiniotisVice Admiral Dimitrios Elefsiniotis
Chief of HNGSChief of HNGS
2
Outline
General Information – Background Anti-Piracy Operations in the HoA The Hellenic Navy’s Contribution
HN’s Experience Strategic Operational Tactical
The Way Ahead Epilogue
3
International Endeavors to Combat Piracy
• Anti-Piracy Operations in the HoA (Broader Area)
NATO: Allied Provider – Allied Protector – Ocean Shield (OCT 08-DEC 08) (APR 09-JUL 09) (AUG 09-DEC 12)
TF 508
European Union: Atalanta TF 465 (Dec 08-DEC 12)
Combined Maritime Forces (CMF): COALITION FORCES / CTFs (fully since JAN 09-TBD) TF - 151
Other National Forces: China – Russia – Japan – India Forces and Malaysia – Saudi Arabia – South Korea Units
4
SHared Awareness DEconfliction (SHADE)
Malaysia?
Overarching Legal Basis – UNCLOS, UNSCR
Mercury Environment
MSC-HOA
India?
Russia?China?
NATO
UKMTO
CMF
IRTC Coordination
Two way information Flow
Merchant Community
Two way coordination
Nation sharing Information only
International Maritime
Organisation
EU
Japan?
5
5
45 E40 E 50 E 60 E
15 N
10 S
5 S
0
5 N
10 N
55 E 65 E
20 N
70 E
Mogadishu
Aden
AREA OF anti-piracy OPERATIONS
53 E
ARABIAN SEA
SOMALI BASIN
GOA
SeychellesMombasa
POA 1
IRTC
POA 2
POA 3
POA 4
POA 5
POA 6
POA 7
POA 8
13 N
Coordination by SHADE Forum Meetings
POA: Pirate Operating Area
IRTC: Internationally Recommended transit Corridor
GOA: Gulf of Aden
Boosasso
BAM (Bam-Al-Mandeb)
South Red Sea
INDIAN OCEAN
SomalilandPuntland
6
Proportion of Forces Assigned and Statistics
6
UNITS EMPLOYED IN IRTC
CTF 50838%
CTF 15130%
CTF 46529%
OTHERS3%
UNITS EMPLOYED IN SB
CTF 50828%
CTF 15110%
CTF 46556%
OTHERS6%
3 1 1
8
2 2 1
7
47
16
6 2 5 4 2 2 11 1 3 3
13
3 36 4
15 4
11
02468
1012141618202224
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
1 1 24 3 36 6
36
0 0 0 0 0 0 01134 5
02468
1012141618202224
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
2009
2010
for GOA & IRTC
36
2 16 5 32
1210
5
2 1
914
3
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 05 6
302468
1012141618202224
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
14 5
0 1
9
1
813
6
2524
02468
1012141618202224
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
11
for Somali Basin200
9
2010
PIRATED
ATTACKS
DISRUPTION
Legend: EUNAVFOR: CTF 465SNMG-2: CTF 508CMF: CTF 151
7
Greece15% Japan
15%
Germany8%
China8%
S.Korea4%
Other50%
GreeceJapanGermanyChinaS.KoreaOther
HELLENIC MERCHANT FLEET Top 5 Merchant Fleet Countries of the World by Owner
GWT (for vessels above 1000gt)
Source: Indicators issued from various sources such as ISL Bremen for World fleet and trading figures and Clarkson Research Studies for shipbuilding and scrapped vessels.
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The Hellenic Navy Contribution
NATO / OCEAN SHIELD - 1 frigate + 1 Organic Helo (SNMG2 Unit) (from JUN 10 on a case by case basis)
EU / ATALANTA- First Tactical Commander (CTG) on board HS PSARA (with 2-3 on board Staff Officers/FHQ) (JAN-APR 09)- 1 Frigate + 1 Organic Helo (Dec 08-UFN)- 2 Officers at the OHQ Northwood - 1 Officer (Support Area Staff/FSA Djibouti) - 1 Officer at the FHQ Afloat
CMF (CTF 150, 151, 152) - 1 Officer (Op. Enduring Freedom / USCENTCOM)- 1 Officer (CTF 151 Bahrain HQ Staff / Planning Officer)- 1 Officer (CTF 151 on board Staff)
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Root Causes of Piracy Unaddressed Scarce Operational Resources and
increased needs Logistics at all levels Major Legal Concerns
Difficulties at Strategic Level
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Difficulties at Operational Level
Pirate Action Groups (PAGs) increase and expand
Attitude of the Shipping Industry Info Operations
11
Well Organized and Powerful Enemy Military Structure Intelligence Gathering Infrastructure Logistics Support
Tactics Timing Weather Area
Difficulties at the Tactical Level
12
The Way Ahead
Cooperation with the Shipping Industry Improvement of Coordination Through
SHADEEvolution of Piracy (more equipped,
aggressive, organized, interconnected etc)Need for a sufficient legal frameworkFace the root causes -> Regional Capacity
Building
13
Regional Capacity Building / NMIOTC
Delivering Training Tailored to the Needs Delivering Training Tailored to the Needs of our African Colleaguesof our African Colleagues
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Epilogue
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International Day of Naval History
Naval Battle of Elli, Dec 1912 Naval Battle of Lepanto, Oct 1571
Naval Battle of Trafalgar, Oct 1805
Naval Battle of Jutland, May 1916
Naval Battle of Midway, Jun 1942
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The Battle of Salamis (480 BC)
• Gave substance to the importance of Sea Power
• Became a turning point in world history