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Module 1 Revision 1.2 1
Trainer : MS Jo/Engineering Director
Nov 2011
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Topics
Review of API 682 First Edition Mission Statement
API 682 Second Edition
ISO 21049 and API 682 Third Edition Scope of Standard
Key Concepts
Seal Types Seal Arrangements
Categories
API Pipe Plan
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Review of API 682 First Edition
Created by industry
leaders in rotating
equipment
Designed to capturefield experience
Defaults to proven
solutions
Applies to the most
common applications
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Mission Statementfrom API 682 First Edition
This standard is designed to default to the
equipment types most commonly
supplied that have a high probability ofmeeting the objective of a least three
years of uninterrupted service while
complying with emissions regulations.
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API 682 Second Edition
Success of FirstEdition
Applications outside ofrefineries
Application to non-API610
Advancement insealing technology
Creation of anInternational standard
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ISO 21049
Review of API 682Second Edition byworldwide ISO membercountries
Reorganization of somechapters
Rewording of someclauses
Error corrections
Modified piping planselection flowchart
New piping plan
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API 682 Third Edition
Release of ISO
21049 created two
standards that were
not identical Third Edition
released to make
682 identical to ISO
21049
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Scope of StandardComparison of Editions
First Edition Second Edition, ISO
21049, Third Edition
Size Seal sizes from1.50 to 4.50
(30mm to 120mm)
Shaft diameters from
0.75 to 4.30
(20mm to 110mm)
Temperature -40F to 500F
(-40C to 260C)
-40F to 750F
(-40C to 400C)
Pressure (absolute) 0 to 515 PSIA
(0 to 34.5 bar)
0 to 615 PSIA
(0 to 42 bar)
Fluids Water, sour water, caustic,amines, some acids, most
HCs
Water, sour water, caustic,
amines, some acids, most
HCs
Pumps API-610, ISO 13709 ANSI/ASME B73.1 andB73.2, ISO 3069 Frame C,
API-610, ISO 13709
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Key Concepts
Terminology
Seal Types
Seal Arrangements
Seal Categories
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Seal Types
Over the years, seal companies havereleased numerous designs andvariations
No standardization in seal designs,materials, or dimensions
Challenge for API 682 Task Force wasto create standard seal types definingseal design, materials, installationenvelope, and operating windows
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Type A Seal
Rotating flexible element, multiple springs, O-ring secondaries
Silicon Carbide versus premium grade blister resistant Carbon
Fluoroelastomer O-rings (FKM) Alloy C276 springs (316 for single spring option)
Type 316 SS sleeve, gland, and other metal parts
Throttle bushing in gland
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Type B Seal
Rotating bellows, O-ring secondaries
Silicon Carbide versus premium grade blister resistant Carbon
Fluoroelastomer O-rings (FKM) Alloy C-276 bellows
Type 316 SS sleeve, gland, and other metal parts
Throttle bushing in gland
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Type C Seal
Stationary bellows, flexible graphite secondaries
Silicon Carbide versus premium grade blister resistant Carbon
Alloy 718 bellows Type 316 SS sleeve, gland, and other metal parts
Premium carbon floating bushing in gland
Bronze anti-coke device
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Rotating vs Stationary
The default Type A and Type B seals have arotating flexible element
A stationary flexible element is an alternate
The default Type C seal has a stationaryflexible element
A rotating flexible element is an alternate
If surface speed at the faces exceeds 4500
ft/min (23 m/s), a stationary flexible element
must be used
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Seal Arrangements
The seal arrangement defines thenumber or seals, their orientation, anddetails about the seals operation
Designations Contacting wet (CW)
Containment seals (CS) Non-contacting dry-running
Contacting dry-running Non-contacting (NC)
Wet running seals
Dry-running dual seals
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Contacting Wet Seal - CW
Typical mechanical seal
Mechanical seal designed to run onliquid fluid film
Does not intentionally createhydrodynamic forces
Requires vapor suppression to keep
fluid in a liquid phase Designed to run for a minimum of
25,000 hours
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Containment Seal - CS
Designed as a dry running backup seal Outer seal in a dual non-pressurized
arrangement
May be either a non-contacting orcontacting design
Operates on buffer gas or vaporized
process fluid Run for 25,000 hours at 10 PSI and at
least 8 hours under process conditions
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Non-Contacting Seal - NC
May be used as a primary seal or as a
dual pressurized seal
Seal is designed to create
hydrodynamic forces to separate thefaces under all operating conditions
Designed to run for a minimum of
25,000 hours
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Arrangement 1
1CW-FX or 1CW-FL configuration
Single mechanical seal
May have a fixed or floating throttle bushing
May have single point or distributed flush
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Arrangement 2Liquid Buffer Fluid
2CW-CW configuration
Dual non-pressurized seal with a liquid bufferfluid
Same as the First Edition Arrangement 2 seal
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Arrangement 2Vapor or No Buffer Fluid
2CW-CS configuration
Contacting wet seal with a dry runningcontainment seal
Containment seal may be either contacting ornon-contacting
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Arrangement 2Vapor or No Buffer Fluid
2NC-CS configuration
Inner seal is designed to be non-contacting
and operate with liquid, vapor, or mixed phaseprocess
Outer seal a containment seal
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Arrangement 3Liquid Barrier Fluid
3CW-FB configuration
Contacting wet seals oriented in a series (orface-to-back) orientation
Default Arrangement 3 liquid seal
Same as the First Edition Arrangement 3 seal
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Arrangement 3Liquid Barrier Fluid
Alternate designs for
Arrangement 3
liquid seals
3CW-BB or 3CW-FFconfigurations
May be required for
specific applicationor pump designs
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Arrangement 3Gas Barrier Fluid
3NC-BB configuration
Default Arrangement 3 gas seal Non-contacting gas seals in a back-to-back
orientation
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Arrangement 3Gas Barrier Fluid
Alternate designs for
Arrangement 3 gas
seals
3NC-FF or 3NC-FBconfigurations
May be required for
specific applicationor pump designs
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Categories
Different applications may require
different levels of seal sophistication
Current practice of specifying modified
API-682 seals
Size restrictions based on pump
construction
Cost impact of seals
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Categories
Three categories
Category 1General duty services in
chemical pumps
Category 2Heavy duty services;similar to API-610 7thedition seals
Category 3Heavy duty services;
similar to API 682 First Edition seals
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Comparison of Categories
FEATURE CATEGORY 1 CATEGORY 2 CATEGORY 3
Seal chamber size ISO 3069 Type C,
ANSI/ASME B73
ISO 13709/API 610 ISO 13709/API 610
Temperature range -40C to 260C
-40F to 500F
-40C to 400C
-40F to 750F
-40C to 400C
-40F to 750F
Pressure range
absolute
22 bar
315 PSIA
42 bar
615 PSIA
42 bar
615 PSIA
Face materials Carbon vs self-
sintered SiC
Carbon vs reaction
bonded SiC
Carbon vs reaction
bonded SiC
Distributed flush
requirements
When required or
specified
When required or
specified
Required
Gland plate metal
to metal contact
Required Required inside
and outside bolt
circle diameter
Required inside
and outside bolt
circle diameter
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Comparison of Categories
FEATURE CATEGORY 1 CATEGORY 2 CATEGORY 3
Seal sleeve size
increments
None 10mm increments 10mm increments
Throttle bushing
requirements
Fixed carbon,
floating carbon
optional
Fixed non-sparking
metal, floating
carbon optional
Floating carbon
Pumping ring HQ
curve required
No If specified Required
Scope of vendor
qualification test
Test as Category 1
unless faces tested
as Category 3
Test as Category 1
unless faces tested
as Category 3
Test as Category 3
as entire seal
assemblyProposal document
requirements
Minimal Minimal Rigorous including
qualification tests
Contract data
requirements
Minimal Minimal Rigorous
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Review
API 682 Second Edition represents a majorrevision over the First Edition
ISO 21049 and API 682 Third Edition provideadditional refinement to the standard
The Standard has categorized three types ofseals: Type A, B, and C
There are three basic arrangements:Arrangement 1, 2, and 3
To address differing needs for features anddocumentation, there are three categories ofseals: Category 1, 2, and 3
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Module 4 Revision 1.2
Piping Plans
The complete listing of piping plans is covered inAnnex
Continuation of piping plans from the First Edition
New piping plans introduced in Second Edition: Moved over from API 610
Variations of dual pressurized liquid plans
Plans for containment and dual gas seals
New piping plans introduced in ISO 21049 / API 682Third Edition:
Detection of atmospheric side leakage
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Plan 14
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Plan 53A
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Plan 53B
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Plan 53C
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Plan 65
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Plan 71
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Plan 72
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Plan 74
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Plan 75
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Plan 76
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Seal Code
Informative
Different from 1stEdition
Different from API 610
Four segment code
First segmentseal category (C1, C2, C3)
Second segmentarrangement (A1, A2, A3)
Third segmentseal type (A, B, C)
Fourth segmentpiping plan (e.g. 11)
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Seal Code
C1A1B11 Category 1 seal
Arrangement 1 (single seal)
Type B seal (bellows)
Plan 11 C3A3A53B
Category 3 seal
Arrangement 3 (dual pressurized seal)
Type A seal (pusher) Plan 53B (liquid barrier fluid pressurized
by a bladder accumulator)
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Thank you
for
your Attention.