Applications of ICT in Education
Nidhi Malik(06305002)
Jubin Chheda(06305003)
under guidance of:
Prof. Uday Desai and Prof. Krithi Ramamaritham
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology,
Bombay
ICT Presentation
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Introduction
ICT stands for “set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, and to create, disseminate, store, and manage information.”
anytime, anywhere
Access to remote learning resources
Motivating to learn
Facilitating the acquisition of basic skills
Active learning
Collaborative learning
. . . .
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Major Challenges
Education is consistently neglected
Opportunity cost of education
No quick fixes to educate rural poor
Under enrollment
Quality education
Curriculum must be relevant
How to distribute human and financial resources
Technology and pedagogy should meet
Identifying the rural needs
Gender specific barriers
Lack of political interest
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Global scenario Just 6% of the global population use Internet
Of these, 88% belong to industrialised countries
USA and Canada account for 57% of the Internet
users
Africa, Asia, and the Middle East account for a mere
1% of the users
The richest account for 20% and the poorest, just
0.2%
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Indian scenario
Only 6% of Indians use Internet
Use is skewed towards the urban, English-educated youth
79% of the Internet connections are in State capitals
ICT is yet to make inroads into rural India
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
India: Numbers kill?
India is the Most Populous country in the world
• More than 1 bn inhabitants
• Nearly 17% of global population
• Growing at 1.6% p.a against global average of 1.3%
• adding to itself the size of Australia every year
Population significantly young & rural
One in every three persons < 15 years of age
stretching resources for primary education
~72% people live in villages
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
India: Inadequate Social Development
More than 2/5ths of population live in poverty
• Stark inequity in wealth distribution
- richest 10% enjoy 34% of income as against mere 4% by poorest 10%
• India ranks 95th in income per capita
Almost 35% people in India are illiterates
• Rural illiteracy even higher at 41%
- stressing urgent need for education in rural areas
• More than 59 mn children out of school
India ranks a dismal 124 (out of 173 countries) on Human Development Index
• Worse than 1970 when India had 82nd rank
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
India: Some Progress…
Expenditure on education growing
81
7165
56
47
34
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001
Illiteracy rates falling
Illiteracy Rate %Edu exp as %Of GDP
1.48
2.11
2.98
3.844.11
0.64
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Existing Knowledge Infrastructure
Poor quality
teachers
Not enough teachers
Non creative, boring
curriculum
High dropout
rates
Poor facilities
Low ITpenetratio
n
• Focus on rote as against hands-on learning
• Emphasis upon passing exams rather than unlocking creativity
•41% drop out between class I-V•54% drop out between class I-VII•69% drop out between class I-IX
• 20% primary schools are single teacher schools
• Shortage of 4 mn teachers
India
PC/1000 people
Internet hosts /1000
people
No. of HK
2.7 254.2
0.2 162.8
• 31% primary schools do not have proper building• 56% primary schools don't offer drinking water• 70% bereft of toilet facilities
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Problems
• Ineffective incentives• Lack of effective knowledge transfer• Low teacher compensation
• Text book rigidity• Discourages questioning habit• Lack of collaborative learning
Non creative curriculum
Poor quality teachers
Emphasis on "teaching" rather than "learning"
Emphasis on "teaching" rather than "learning"
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
What is going on Globally
UNESCO/Education for all
Education for rural people (ERP)
in Africa
German ICT for education
Initiatives
E-education in Nigeria
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
What’s going on in India
Akshaya initiated by Govt. of
Kerala
Gramin Gyan Kendra
Azim Premji Foundation
Asha-2005
Agastya
E-choupal
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Akshaya foundation in Kerala
Launched on Nov.18,2002
in Malappuram Distt.
Network of ICT centres
Broadband connectivity
100% Household literacy
Entrepreneur driven business
model
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Network Consists of two Parts
Backbone Network
-Throughput starts at 8 MBPS. Unlimited expandability.
-Ability to add additional backbones for greater bandwidth if and when required.
-Wireless IP in Local Loop (WipLL)
-Versatile Intelligent Network (VINE).
Access Network
-Used for providing connectivity from the backbone network to the subscribers.
-Point to multi-point radios used.
-Last mile bandwidth of 4 MBPS, shared.
-Ability to limit bandwidth to each subscriber as per requirement.
-Products selected to minimize recurring costs
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Services that can run on the network
Voice, data video
E-learning
E-governance and connectivity
to govt. organizations
Rural mobile telephony
Project – access, skill and
content
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Akshaya - Threads
Malappuram District panchayath
‘Market’ failures & Digital Divide
The project : access, skill & content
The Entrepreneur angle
Stakeholder consultations
Location identification
State Facilitation-Content, IT ‘Mela’, ‘Fight’ with Bankers – Loan of Rs. 6.8 cr
E-Literacy programme 630 Akshaya centres
15 hr. e-literacy CD
Rs. 120 per person
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Malappuram:Profile
Most populous District in Kerala
3 M; 6.5 L Families
3550 Sq. Km.
Backward Social/ Educational
indices
Poor ICT infrastructure
Mobiles outstrip fixed lines
since 2000
<200 internet connections
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Akshaya Accessibility
District wide network
630 access points
One centre for 1000-1500 families
One centre for every 5 kms
Basic PC operations
Email, browsing net
Govt. popular websites
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Akshaya – Other Services
Agriculture, health, education
and employment
Interactive portals
Akshaya-Women Empowerment
Akshaya- Water resources
management
Akshaya-Puzhakkattiri Herbal
village
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Agastya International Foundation
Awaken minds with Creativity
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
The Agastya Model
Scalable
Innovative and Creative
Sustainable
Replicable
Collaborative
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
First Pillar: Creative Learning Center (CLC)
Hands-on learning in a creative
and interactive setting
Enhance teaching skills
Rural schools interaction
and training program
Vocational training, knowledge
and skill transfer
Mobile Labs and science fairs
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Second Pillar: Teacher Education Center
Building Educators
Intellectually sound
Excellence in teaching,
training & education
Professional competencies
Creativity techniques
In-field experiences
Evaluation procedures and
teaching strategies
Feeder of community ,state &
country
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Third Pillar: Agastya Gurukul (AG)
“Multiplier effect of Teacher Education"
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Fourth Pillar: Ecology and Cultural Center
Integrated Humanistic Education
Ecology and
environment
Art, sculpture, craft, music
Visiting scholars
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Mobile Labs and Teacher Training Workshops
• A single mobile lab can reach 800 teachers every year
• Provide teacher education at village doorstep• Emphasis on hands-on teaching with the use of
experiments• Increase in teacher motivation and skills • Can cover remote areas in rural India
• Top class teacher education center • High-quality teacher training provided by
experts from leading institutions like IISc, TIFR, etc
• Encourage use of hands-on experiments to explain scientific concepts
• Development of communication and leadership skills in teachers
• Knowledge transfer between urban & rural teachers
Mobile Laboratories
Teacher Training Workshops
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
• Exposes village children to science concepts and experiments
• A single mobile lab can reach ~40,000 rural children every year
• Provides education right at the village doorstep• Emphasis on hands-on learning using
experiments, simulated games, interactive lectures, etc
• Can cover remote areas in rural India
• Can reach up to 60,000 children in a month• Exposure to science concepts provided by
experts from leading institutions like IISc, TIFR, etc
• Increases interest in learning and awareness among village children
• Creates community and parental involvement• Knowledge transfer between urban & rural areas
Mobile Laboratories
Science Fairs
Creativity
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Agastya in a Nutshell
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
Agastya: Achievements
Touched more than 100,000 children in rural India through
the mobile laboratories
Trained more than 5,000 teachers
Set up an auto learning center and a science laboratory at
Kuppam
Expanded the program to include Kolar in Karnataka in
addition to Kuppam
Program also expanded to Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka
Plans to launch in Rajasthan, West Bengal & Gujarat
ICT for Education: Nidhi Malik Jubin Chheda,
References
Varma’s Portal: http://www.cse.iitb.ac.in/~a_varma/portal/
Hardeep’s Portal
http://www.cse.iitb.ac.in/~hardeep/portal/index.html
AKSHAYA - Official Website of Kerala
Agastya International Foundation portal
http://www.agastya.org/