ATRS World ConferenteRio de Janeiro-July/2005
OPERATIONAL ANALYSES OF THE GUARULHOS AIRPORT
APRON SERVICE ROAD SYSTEM
Hugo PietrantonioOswaldo Sansone Rodrigues Filho
Nicolau Dionísio Fares Gualda
Polytechnic SchoolUniversity of São Paulo/Brazil
Outline of the Presentation
• Short introduction on the Guarulhos Airport today ... and the planned expansion on its current Master Plan
• Description of the study and its results: – the data collection for the study of the apron roads
– the concepts and results on vehicular parameters
– the selection of level of service criteria and their use
– the forecasting of trips for alternative lay-outs of the airport
– the forecasting of traffic for alternative apron roads
– the specific results gathered with the application
• General conclusions and guidance on further reasearch
The Guarulhos Airport ...
• The international airport of the São Paulo Metropolitan Area (20 million inhabitants): 35 million pax/year, supplemented by Congonhas (domestic demand) and Viracopos/Campinas (general support, cargo demand)
Current Airport AreaTPS2
TPS1RLD
RCRG
TC
SA
LA
BT2BT1
TPS3TPS4
BT3BT4RLE
RS
R3POTC
OSA
General Support
Holding Areas
Features of the Study
• Due care with the apron service road system
• No previous study on operational parameters for the specific vehicles and on analysis methods
• Direct study from field data and first concepts:– CCTV cameras were used for data collection on the
operation of the vehicles on the apron service roads– Daily Reports on the schedule of flights for data on
trip demand (to be related to traffic flows ...)
• Analyses based on peak hours of traffic flow
Determination of Vehicular Parameters – Links & Junctions
• Specific vehicle types and operating rules ...• On road links: equivalent factors
– Intrinsic: passage of each vehicle type (size, speed)– Extrinsic: queues following extra-slow vehicle
following platoon (n=2) extra-slow vehicle
• On junctions: critical gaps and following times
• Conceptual details and formulas in the paper ...
Results on Vehicular Parameters
• Road links:
• Junctions:
intrinsic
+ extrinsic (queue
following extra-slow vehicles,
i.e. loaders)
conventional formulas
can estimate shared lane
capacity, queues ...
Level of Service Criteria and Target Values for Design
• Directly observable measure (for validation)
• Sensible criteria (as severe LoS requirements)
• Used for selecting appropriate design options
• Road links: practical capacity set at 50% and platoon after extra-slow vehicles up to 2v, mean– If not: turnouts, dual lane road, re-route ...
• Junctions: practical capacity set at 50% and 10% chance of 2v or + waiting (20% terminals)– If not: double lanes, decompose, re-route ...
Main Design Options
• On road links:
• On junctions:
Turnouts: extra-slow vehicles can be overtaken on moving ... e.g. 18 s to overtake with 60 m
Double lanes on the approach only
Decomposing: waiting position make possible to carried-out the maneuver in stages ...
Options to be avoided: re-route demand or change lay-out, support/holding areas
Forecasting of Trip Generation based on Future Scenarios
• Activities:
• Flights/Aircrafts: Typical turnaround and needs, initially from Airport Planning Manuals but validated to peak-hour flow before forecasting
Passenger E&D Bridges/Stais, Bus/Walk
Luggage/Cargo/Mail Tractors/Dollies/Carts, Loaders/ConveyorBelts
Catering/Cleaning Servicing Trucks
Towing/Push back Tractors
Fueling/ElectricPower
Air Conditioning/Pressure Maintenance Vehicles
Tractors, Servicing Trucks, Vans/Pick-ups
Forecasting of Traffic Flows and Design of the Apron Roads
• Tasks: - from needs of flights to O/D tripsimportant: support and holding areas
local movements and trips- “loading” of trips in their routesresults: flows on links and junctions
best design option/section
• Conventional, after getting the O/D trips
• LoS criteria: best design option, or re-route ...
• Again: carefull validation before forecasting
Conclusions and Further Research
• Need of a Method for analysis and design of apron service road systems of Airports– Need of operational parameters for specific vehicle
types and operating rules: results were validated ...– Need of procedure for forecasting trip generation
and traffic flow: importance of designation of support and holding areas and of validation ...
– Improvements: need and design of holding areas
• Successfull application to the update of the Guarulhos Airport Master Plan ...
Results on Vehicular Parameters
• Road links:
• Junctions:
intrinsic
+ extrinsic (queue
following extra-slow vehicles,
i.e. loaders)
conventional formulas
can estimate shared lane
capacity, queues ...
Hmin,i Ci=1/Hmin,i Ei,0=Hmin,i/Hmin,0
Standard Vehicle(0=up to pick-ups)
1st Vehicle Other Vehicles
Simple: opposed flow in one lane (one-way)
Complex: opposed flow two lane and/or two-way
Determination of Vehicular Parameters – Links & Junctions
• Specific vehicle types and operating rules ...• On road links: equivalent factors
– Intrinsic: passage of each vehicle type (size, speed)– Extrinsic: queues following extra-slow vehicle
following platoon (n=2) extra-slow vehicle
• On junctions: critical gaps and following times
• Conceptual details and formulas in the paper ...
Intrinsic: own use of road
Extrinsic, for extra-slow only, increase use of road by others Opposing flow
Critical gap: for first in the queue
Following time: others in queue