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Second Healthy City Workshop Bam
Healthy City Concept, Objectives,
Key Elements, Process, Structure
and Partners
By: K. Khosh-Chashm,
WHO Consultant
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Part I
Concept, objectives,history, and programme
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Health Determinants
in an urban setting
Physical
Environment
Social
Environment
Life-style
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Physical Environment
Geography, landscape and climate
Ecological footprint
Architecture
Housing, streets, and physical layouts
Physical, chemical and biological systems
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Urban Environmental Systems
Physical
system
-Temperature
- Sun intensity
- Electromagnetic
radiation
- Radionuclide
radiation
- Dust
Chemical
system-Chemicals in air
- Chemicals in soil
-Chemicals in water
- Chemicals in food
Biological
system
-P
lants-Birds
-Domestic
animals
-Microorganisms,(bacteria, virus,
fungi, algae, etc.)
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Social Environment
Culture, social and religious norms
Social structure, cohesion and participation
Traditional and formal social support networks
Economic opportunities, system and structure
Participation in economy and decision making
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Behaviour
Healthy lifestyle
Social mindedness and consciousness
Self esteem happiness
Aspiration, ambition, dynamism
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Living in a city: health and quality of life
People live longer and healthier lives if:They breath clean air and drink safe water
They live in safe and comfortable housing
They have health supporting behaviour andeasy access to health care services
They have meaningful jobs and income.
They have security
They have friends and feel they belongto their community
They can make choices for their lives.
They have a peaceful home
They have trees, plants and feel they relateto the architecture.
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BackgroundThe international Healthy Cities movement
was first conceived in Canada in 1984 as a
result of theHealthy Toronto 2000: BeyondHealth Care symposium, and was launched
in Europe in 1986 by the World Health
Organization (WHO). The movement has
since spread across the globe and nowinvolves more than 3,000 municipalities.
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Healthy cities in EMR
The initiative started in 1989
First healthy cities workshop inCairo
Iran was one of the first countries to
support the concept and hassupported the programme in the
Region.
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Objective
Improve the health and qualityof life of the citizens.
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ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT
WATER
SUPPLY SANITATION
HEALTHSERVICES
SOCIAL
SERVICES
INCOME
GENERATION
HEALTHY CITY
CONCEPT
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THE AIMS OF HEALTHY CITIES
INITIATIVE
Improve health and environmental
services
Make people partners
Strengthen social support network
Stimulate economic development dialogue
Put health at Center of city social and
political agenda.
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HEALTHY CITY PROJECTS They do not interfere with the work of
responsible agencies: they do not build
heavy investment projects such as water
supply network, sewerage, or housing, or
industries, schools, etc.
Healthy city projects are low investment
support activities.
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Healthy cities projects
They assist in creating linkages between
concerned city and national authorities,
facilitating community participation,
raising awareness and fostering
partnership
They make the implementation of
existing projects more efficient andbetter.
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Strategies/approaches
Develops strong promotional process
Promotes the needs of women and children.
Promote care of elderly
Strengthens health and environment
institutions.
Encourages/establishes networking.
Mobilizes NGOs, Universities, etc... Mobilizes resources.
Creates links between related health
programmes.
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Objective of Healthy Cities
Action in EMR
The basic objective ofhealthy cities
action in the EMR is to improve the
health ofurban dwellers, especially in theurban poor areas, giving priority to the
up-grading ofenvironmental health
services and conditions in the cities and
facilitating networking.
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Part II
Healthy Cities Structure
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Healthy Workers
Providers
People
Recipients
Environment
Environmental Workers
Providers
People
Recipients
Healthy Workers
Providers
People
Recipients
Health
Education
Traditional approach
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Law enforcement
Municipality
Private sector
Health sector
Environment sector
Education Sector
NGOs
Partners
comeand
work together
to improve
health andquality oflife
Healthy City Approach
City dwellers
Economic sector
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Formation of
advocacy/start-
up group
Establishment of
Healthy City
working committee
Implementation
How to mobilize and organize
the HC programme
Appointment ofa
HC coordinator
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How to mobilize and organize
the HC programme
Establish a HC advocacy start-up group
5-6 Likeminded persons who are truly interested in
health and their city.
Municipality/Ministry of Interior
Health
Media
Education
Environment
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Characteristics and responsibilities
of the advocacy group
To have leadership quality and genuine interestfor health and caring for their city.
To contact; community groups, religious
organizations, public health and environmentaldepartments, municipality departments,institutions dealing with urban, social andpublic policies, agencies and individuals
concerned with urban studies, private sectors,civil society, NGOs public figures, sport
personalities, media, professional associations,women and youth organization, etc.
To promote the HC concept and build widepublic support.
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Healthy Cities Committee
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Responsibilities of HC Committee
To developHC work plans projects andactivities.
To ensure extending outreach to lowest community levelfor priority health programmes.
Encouraging community groups to be involved.
To facilitate the function of the city health forum
Mobilize people and resources for priority projects.
Prepare city health profile.
To collect information and facilitate networking.
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Healthy City Forum
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Healthy City Forum
Objectives
Topromote and make health more visible
Tofacilitate healthpartners come together
Tofacilitatepreparing city healthprofile
Tofacilitate identifying health priorities and goals
Tofacilitate developing city health plan
To involveyouthpromote, theiraspirations and needs.
To mobilize media and all other resources for health
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City Health Forum
Road Traffic
Accident
Nutrition
No Smoking
PCVD
Green
Industries
Examples:
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Bam Healthy city
project
Part III
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Bam Healthy City Project has twoPhases:
I. Interim
II. Long term
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Objectives of Bam Healthy City
Interim To support the activities of different sectors,
especially health, environment and socialservices (addressing the current urgentneeds.
To facilitate community orientation andparticipation in needs identification,prioritization, planning and implementation.
To provide effective coordination for thework of supporting NGOs, UN and externalsupport agencies.
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Objectives of Bam Healthy City
Long termTo create institutionalized dialogue,
mechanisms and collaboration between allstakeholders in concept development, planningand implementation of reconstruction activities.These include housing, education, environment,municipal management, social welfare services,economic development, and employment toensure that health, environment, ecological andhealth related social norms are wellincorporated and coordinated in the
reconstruction process.
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Needs and opportunities
Total Institutional reconstruction:
Government offices, municipal offices, social services,
schools, teaching and learning institutions, police,media, Etc.
This task is the first priority
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Needs and opportunities
Total physical reconstruction:Housing, roads, government buildings, water, sewerage,
health services, transportation, communication, utilities, etc.
Social and total economic reconstruction:Survivors rehabilitation, reestablishment of social networks,
resolving disputes, economic rehabilitation: commerce,
service sector, banking, agriculture, industry etc.
Environmental rehabilitation:Rehabilitation of urban gardens, cleaning of rubbles, repair
of irrigation system, etc.
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In view of such monumental work ahead and
inter related activities, no where more than in
Bam dialogue, coordination, collaboration are
needed.
Healthy city programme with a wider city and district
perspective provides a unique opportunity to bring all
sectors closer and help to create better communicationand relationship between city, province and national
authorities in a coordinated and supporting fashion.
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Bam
People from surrounding areas will be attracted
to Bam
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Y
X
Macro
Mini
Micro
Coordinated
Economic
Development
Plans
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Critical issues in reconstruction of
Bam People from surrounding areas of the city will migrate
to city because of job opportunities and housing.
Population analysis and consideration of differentscenarios will be critical for short and long term
development plans for different sectors. All agricultural, industrial and commercial economic
plans for Bam should have a district and Bam regionperspective.
Macro, mini and micro national economic
development plans for Bam area, provincial minischemes, and city level
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Critical issues in reconstruction of
Bam Bam attracts huge international interest. Success can
bring huge prestigious rewards for Iran. Failure, Godforbidden, has a big negative impact.
Innovative ideas in all sectors should be considered.
Bam has a tremendous potential for tourism,consequently the reconstruction and physical layout forthis Garden City should be compatible with the Iranian
culture, rich and attractive traditional architecture andnatural ecology.