BAROQUE
BAROQUEPERIOD
Definition of baroque
1 art : of, relating to, or having the characteristics of a style of artistic expression prevalent especially in the 17th century that is marked generally by use of complex forms, bold ornamentation, and the juxtaposition of contrasting elements often conveying a sense of drama, movement, and tension 2 : characterized by grotesqueness, extravagance, complexity, or flamboyance
It began around 1600 in Rome, Italy and spread throughout Europe. It lasted until around mid 17th century.
FACTS
1stL to R:ColosseumEU FlagMap of ItalyChurch of Santi Luca e Martina4
Baroque may have been derived from the Portugese barocco or the Spanish barueco which means irregularly shaped pearl.It is marked by decisive affirmation of native taste and genius in all the arts.
1st L to R:Medusa by CaravaggioLaocoon and His Sons by Athenodoros of Rhodes, Polydorus of Rhodes, and Agesander of RhodesPortrait of Johannes BachChurch of Santa Engracia by Joao Antunes
2ndBaroque Pearls5
HISTORYEARLY BAROQUE
c. 1590s Baroque was a new Biblical art style to support the Catholic Reformation and convey the miracles and sufferings of the Saints. More emotional and imbued with a greater realism. Initial impetus came from the arrival in Rome of Annibale Carracci and Caravaggio. Their presence sparked a new interest in realism.
TOP to BOTTOM, L to R:
Annibale Carraccis Self Portrait with Father and Nephew AntonioThe Temptation of St Anthony Abbot by Annibale Carracci
The Fortune Teller by CaravaggioCaravaggios self portrait6
HIGH BAROQUE
c. 1630s
Marked by the phenomenal quadraturaGenerally considered the most characteristic mode of 17th century artTime in Baroque where most churches were built and frescoes were paintedProduced an astonishing number and variety of international painters of the first rank, including Rembrandt, Rubens, Velzquez, and Anthony van Dyck
LATE BAROQUE
c. 1660
Italy lost its position of artistic dominance to France and late baroque style was especially popular in Germany and AustriaMassive forms of the baroque yielded to the lighter, more graceful outlines of the rococo
ROCOCO/ROCCOCOc. 1730
Sense of movementEnergyTension (real/ implied)Strong contrast of light and shadowsIntense spiritualityInfinite spaceRealism
FEATURES
Rape of the Daughters of Leucippus
1stL to R:ColosseumEU FlagMap of ItalyChurch of Santi Luca e Martina11
Father of Baroque ArtMany of his paintings were considered vulgar in his time, his blunt realism attracted many followers, often known as Caravaggisti
NOTABLEARTISTS
MICHELANGELO MERISI DE CARAVAGGIO
Known for his use of chiaroscuroSome of his famous works include: The Calling of Saint Matthew, The Cardsharps, Judith Beheading Holofernes, and The Conversion of Saint Paul
The Conversion of Saint Paul
Pope Innocent XSpanish painterCaravaggistiLeading artist in the court of King Philip IV
DIEGO VELAZQUEZOne of the most important painters of the Spanish Golden AgeHe is known for painting Las MeninasSome of his other famous works include: Rokeby Venus, The Surrender of Breda, and Pope Innocent X
Flemish/Netherlandish draughtsman and painterLoved portraying the human emotional and psychological stateHis drawings are mostly extremely forceful but not overly detailed
PETER PAUL RUBENS
Some of his famous works include: The Elevation of the Cross, The Descent from the Cross, Massacre of the Innocents, and The Judgement of Paris
The Judgement of Paris
San Carlo alle Quattro FontaneOne of the greatest architects of the 17th century, and a lifelong rival of BerniniStudent of the architecture of Michelangelo
FRANCESCO BORROMINIOne of the most important painters of the Spanish Golden AgeHe is known for painting Las MeninasSome of his other famous works include: Oratorio dei Filippini, Sant'Agnese in Agone, Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza, and San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane
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RENAISSANCE MUSICBAROQUE MUSIC
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