Genetic Engineering and Stem Cells
*Beyond pGLO
*Sticky Ends
*Restriction enzymes:*Have sticky ends or
overhangs of DNA.*This helps to “glue” in the
gene of interest in the right direction.*Must find a plasmid with the
appropriate sticky ends that match your gene.
*PCR
*Polymerase Chain Reaction*Taq polymerase*Nucleotides*Thermocycler
*http://www.dnalc.org/resources/animations/pcr.htm
*iPS stem Cells
*Model for gene therapy
*How might cell-based delivery avoid problems
associated with direct delivery
*Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis
*How do you tell a cell has a certain
gene?
*Gel Electrophoresis:*http://www.dnalc.org/resources/animations/
gelelectrophoresis.html
*Gene Chip:*http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/ani
mations/content/dnachips2.html*How could gene chip technology transform
medicine as we know it?
*What is cloning?
*Learn how a mouse is cloned.*http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/cloni
ng/clickandclone/
*Many copies of identical mice are cloned from mouse embryos. You can have essentially 1000 identical twins with the same genetics.*This has been used in science for many
years.
*Problems with cloning from adult cells
*Epigenetic patterns already in place (how is DNA tagged to turn genes on and off?)*Transplantation process is costly.*Cells are genetically “older”. Telomerase
has been deactivated.