BioChem 330 -‐ Course Outline • Metabolism and Bioenerge1cs (II)
– ENZYME CATALYSIS: • kineAc constants kcat, Km
• CatalyAc strategies, the serine proteases
– CATABOLISM (breakdown) • Carbohydrates
– Glycolysis – Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle – Electron Transport – Chemiosmosis and ATPase
• FaQy acids and amino acids
Figure 20-26
Fa7y Acid Biosynthesis Reac1ons in Cytoplasm
Figure 20-30
Figure 20-31
Figure 20-31 part 1
AMP AMPK ACC
AMP dependent protein kinase
ATP AMPK ACC
AMPK Fuel Gauge for Cell
Figure 20-36
Prostaglandins are made from faQy acids in response to infecAon or trauma
Page 719
Cyclo-‐oxygenase (COX) Inhibitors prevent formaAon of Prostaglandin and relieve pain and fever
Nonspecific Specific for COX-‐2
Page 721
Biosynthesis of Cholesterol p721-‐729
Figure 20-37
Biosynthesis of Cholesterol
Four steps from HMG-‐CoA to the isopenentenyl pyrophosphate – step 1 is most highly regulated
Figure 20-38
Biosynthesis of Cholesterol Part 2
Three steps from the isopentenyl pyrophosphate – to squalene
Check out all the isoprene units in squalene!
Figure 20-39
Squalene is set up for CyclizaAon in the next Step
Figure 20-39
Here’s the Magical CyclizaAon Step
Page 724
Shedding some –CH3 and oxidizing those carbons and reducing others converts
lanosterol to cholesterol
Figure 20-41
Cholesterol can direct protein
synthesis by inducing
transloca1on of ac1vator precursors
from the ER to the Golgi
Figure 20-43
Figure 20-42
Cholesterol lowering
drugs such as these prevent heart disease by inhibi1ng HMG-‐CoA reductase
Figure 20-44
Diseases of Cholesterol Transport