INTRODUCTION The term Biodiversity was first coined by Walter G. Rosen in
1986.
The biosphere comprises of a complex collections of innumerable organisms, known as the Biodiversity, which constitute the vital life support for survival of human race.
Biological diversity, abbreviated as biodiversity, represent the sum total of various life forms such as unicellular fungi, protozoa, bacteria, and multi cellular organisms such as plants, fishes, and mammals at various biological levels including gens, habitats, and ecosystem .
There are three types of biodiversity
Diversity of Species
Diversity of Ecosystem
Diversity of Genes
BENEFITS OF BIODIVERSITY
Consumptive value: Food/Drink Fuel Medicine Batter crop varieties Industrial Material
Non-Consumptive Value: Recreation Education and Research Traditional value
Ecological services:
Balance of nature
Biological productivity
Regulation of climate
Degradation of waste
Cleaning of air and water
Cycling of nutrients
Control of potential pest and disease causing species
Detoxification of soil and sediments
Stabilization of land against erosion
Carbon sequestration and global climate change
Maintenance of Soil fertility
THREATS TO BIODIVERSITYNatural causes: Narrow geographical area Low population Low breeding rate Natural disasters
Anthropogenic causes: Habitat modification Overexploitation of selected
species Innovation by exotic species
CONCLUSION Biodiversity is our life. If the Biodiversity got lost at
this rate then in near future, the survival of human being will be threatened. So, it is our moral duty to conserve Biodiversity as well our Environment. Long-term maintenance of species and their management requires co-operative efforts across entire landscapes. Biodiversity should be dealt with at scale of habitats or ecosystems rather than at species level.
The Constitution of India [Article-51-A (g)] - Fundamental Duties
It shall be the duty of every citizen of India,to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.
Wildlife Conservation
What is wildlife?? Causes of endangerment Effects of wildlife depletion Wildlife of India Wildlife conservation Govt role in conservation of
wildlife conclusion
Wildlife includes all non-domesticated plants, animals and other organisms.
Domesticating wild plant and animal species for human benefit has occurred many times all over the planet, and has a major impact on the environment, both positive and negative.
Wildlife can be found in all ecosystems. Deserts, rain forests, plains, and other areas including the most developed urban sites, all have distinct forms of wildlife.
While the term in popular culture usually refers to animals that are untouched by human factors, most scientists agree that wildlife around the world is impacted by human activities.
Habitat Destruction
• Second most critical factor in
species extinction.
There now 20% less forest cover than existed 300 years ago
Poaching and hunting
Another major cause of animal species extinction. Poaching and illegal trade in animals are US$2
billion to $3 billion
National and International Wildlife Trade
Pet Trade
Fur Trade
Meat Trade
Body Parts Trade
T Trade for Biomedical Research
Bio-Diversity of India Wildlife of India is a mix of species of diverse origins.
India is home to a number of rare and threatened animal species.
Home to about 7.6% of all mammalian, 12.6% of avian, 6.2% of reptilian, and 6.0% of flowering plant species.
Tropical rainforest of the Andaman Islands, Western Ghats, and Northeast India, coniferous forest of the Himalaya. dry deciduous forest of central and southern India.
ENDANGERED SPECIES OF ANIMALS
MAJESTIC ELEPHANTS THE INDIAN BISON HISPID HARE SNOW LEOPARD
SWAMP DEER BLUE WHALE DESERT CAT LEAF MONKEY
How to protect endangered animals? To save endangered animals, conserve the
habitat by embracing practices that do not harm the environment. Such practice includes reuse of indecomposable material if you cannot use materials that can be decomposed. Joining lobby groups to push the world for a cleaner and greener environment.
ENDANGERED SPECIES OF PLANTS
Dionaea muscipula
Mammillaria hahniana Pogonia ophioglossoidesGuaiacum santum Kokia drynarioides
Glandularia tampensis Heliconia angusta Magnolia ashei
How to protect endangered plants? Biodiversity is the variety of life. Saving endangered
species (plants) from becoming extinct and protecting their wild places is crucial for our health and the future of our children.
As species are lost so too are our options for future discovery and advancement. The impacts of biodiversity loss include clearly into fewer new medicines, greater vulnerability to natural disasters and greater effects from global warming.
Govt role in conservation of wildlife Wildlife protection act 1972
Project tiger 1972-73
Forest protection act 1980-88
A Anti poaching agencies
State wildlife dept
St State forest dept
Ministry of environment and forest
Army (IF APPLICABLE)
Police
Border security force
Coast guards
Wildlife conservation society
PROJECT TIGER
Project Tiger is a wildlife conservation movement initiated in India in 1972
The project aims at tiger conservation in specially constituted tiger reserves throughout India
Creation of wildlife sanctuaries and reserves with mandatory fencing
Special task force be prepared for preservation of this supreme predator
No forestry operations carried out in core areas
Dept be provided with additional personal and wireless equipment with an immediate effect
Rehabilitation of locals done outside the reserve forest with immediate effect
Immediate compensesation to villagers in case of kill made by tiger
Immediate seize of weapon license from villagers given before 1972 unless prescribed officially.
Conclusion
Increased understanding about the world’s current wildlife situation and an increased emphasis on education will give future generations an opportunity to experience nature to its fullest extent.