Biodiversity &Human Society
Biodiversity &Human Society
What is our role in the natural world?
What is our role in the natural world?
Passenger Pigeon~2 million B.C. - 1914 A.D.Passenger Pigeon
~2 million B.C. - 1914 A.D.
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25% of all birds in North
America
25% of all birds in North
America
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John James AudubonJohn James Audubon"I dismounted, seated myself on an eminence, and began to
mark with my pencil, making a dot for every flock that passed. In a short time finding the task which I had, undertaken
impracticable, as the birds poured in in countless multitudes, I rose, and counting the dots then put down, found that 163 had been made in twenty-one minutes. I
traveled on, and still met more the farther I proceeded. The air was literally filled with Pigeons; the light of noon-day
was obscured as by an eclipse, the dung fell in spots, not unlike melting flakes of snow; and the continued buzz of wings had a tendency to lull my senses to repose."...Before
sunset I reached Louisville, distance from Hardensburgh fifty-five miles. The Pigeons were still passing in undiminished
numbers, and continued to do so for three days in succession.”
Aldo LeopoldAldo Leopold
"The pigeon was a biological storm. He was the lightning that played
between two opposing potentials of intolerable intensity: the fat of the land and the oxygen of the air. Yearly the feathered tempest roared up, down
and across the continent, sucking up the laden fruits of forest and prairie, burning them in a traveling blast of
life.”[Sand County Almanac. "On A Monument to the Pigeon"]
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Hats,…Hats,…
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Pigeon Pies,…Pigeon Pies,…
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…& Hunting.
…& Hunting.
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Martha:The
last of a
species(1914)
Martha:The
last of a
species(1914)
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R.I.P.R.I.P.
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NW SalmonNW Salmon
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“The quantities of salmon which frequent these waters is beyond calculation and seems to be so great as to challenge human ingenuity to affect it in any way.”
Richard Rathim, 1899
NW SalmonNW Salmon
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“The quantities of salmon which frequent these waters are now so few, and obstacles resulting from human ingenuity so great, that extinction seems inevitable. It is no longer a question of why there are so few salmon, it is amazing that they simply exist at all.”
Perry Harvester, 1996
“Four Horsemen of the Environmental Apocalypse”*
“Four Horsemen of the Environmental Apocalypse”*
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1. Habitat Loss2. Overkill3. Introduced Species4. Introduced Disease
*E.O.Wilson from “The Diversity of Life”
Habitat LossHabitat Loss
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1. Habitat Destruction2. Habitat Degredation
Habitat DestructionHabitat Destruction
1. Complete Loss2. Fragmentation
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Habitat Destruction:Fragmentation
Habitat Destruction:Fragmentation
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Barriers
Edge Effects
“Island Effects”
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Habitat Destruction:Edge Effects
Habitat Destruction:Edge Effects
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Edge
Habitat Destruction:Edge Effects
Habitat Destruction:Edge Effects
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Habitat Destruction:Island Effects
Habitat Destruction:Island Effects
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Distance of Island affects Colonization
Size of Island affects Extinction
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Habitat Degredation
”Weakening Habitat”
Habitat Degredation
”Weakening Habitat”
1. Pollution(Chemical change)
2. Physical change3. Simplification
Lead Smelter, Texas
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Habitat SimplificationHabitat Simplification
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Tall grass Prairie
Corn Field