408
Div
ulga
ção
ISSN 0102-695X
Revista Brasileira de FarmacognosiaBrazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy
16(3): 408-420, Jul./Set. 2006Received 01/23/06. Accepted 06/20/06
* E-mail: [email protected], Tel. + 55-31-34996970, Fax + 55-31-34996935
Medicinal plants and other botanical products from the Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia
Maria G. Lins Brandão1*, Gustavo P. Cosenza1, Raquel Assis Moreira1,Roberto L.M. Monte-Mor2
1Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil,
2Economic Sciences Faculty, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
RESUMO: “Plantas medicinais e outros produtos vegetais da Farmacopéia Brasileira”. Este artigo descreve os resultados de uma extensa revisão efetuada nas quatro edições da Farmacopéia Brasileira, buscando dados sobre as plantas medicinais e outros produtos vegetais nela descritos. O crescimento da indústria farmacêutica internacional a partir da segunda metade do século passado afetou intensamente a medicina ofi cial no Brasil. O texto faz uma breve análise das transformações sofridas pela Farmacopéia, tomando como base a existência de Monografi as para as espécies vegetais nativas. Os resultados do estudo demonstram uma intensa substituição das plantas nativas do Brasil por medicamentos industrializados e outros produtos vegetais estrangeiros, confi rmando assim a necessidade de investimentos em pesquisa de validação das nossas plantas medicinais.
Unitermos: Farmacopéia Brasileira, plantas medicinais, Brasil.
ABSTRACT: In this paper, we describe the results of a thorough survey in the four editions of the Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia (FBRAS), in a search for data about the plants and other botanical products included in them. The growth of the pharmaceutical industry since the second half of last century markedly affected the Brazilian offi cial medicine. The paper analyses the transformation within the Pharmacopoeia, focusing on the presence of Monographs for Native medicinal plants. The result showed a strong substitution of Native American medicinal plants by industrialized medicine and foreign medicinal plants in FBRAS and confi rms the necessity of investiments in research for the validation of Brazilian Native plants.
Keywords: Offi cial Pharmacopoeia, medicinal plants, Brazil.
INTRODUCTION
In 2001, the Council of Genetic Heritage of Brazil’s Ministry of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (Conselho de Patrimônio Genético do Ministério do Meio Ambiente e Recursos Naturais Renováveis - CGEN/MMA) instituted a decree (2.186-16/2001) establishing a series of regulatory norms for the collection and bioprospection of medicinal plants in the country. Such a decree responded to a recommendation by the Biological Diversity Convention (Convenção da Diversidade Biológica - CDB) and it was considered necessary in the face of the growing interest on products related to the Brazilian biodiversity and of the need to share with traditional populations the profi ts derived from their commercial exploitation.
In April 2006, our research group (GEPLAMT-UFMG) wrote a report for the Public Attorney (Ministério Público) of the state of Minas Gerais about the current situation of the native plants that are commonly used in
this state’s traditional medicine, in an attempt to verify if they require some kind of legal protection (see www.mp.mg.gov.br). More recently, the Federal Government made public, through the Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Commerce, a list of three thousand plants and botanical products for legal protection against foreign patents. All these measures aim to establish forms of protective actions for the country’s biodiversity and traditional medicine, which is still quite unkown.
In this study, we present a list of the medicinal plants and other botanical products described in the four Editions of the Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia (FBRAS) (Pharmacopoeia dos Estados Unidos do Brasil, 1926; Farmacopeia Brasileira, 1959; Farmacopeia Brasileira, 1977; Farmacopeia Brasileira, 1988-1996). The objectives of this study are to contribute for the protection of the native species included in the FBRAS, and to guide Brazilian researches in perfor ming validation studies for them.
409
Maria G. Lins Brandão, Gustavo P. Cosenza, Raquel Assis Moreira, Roberto L.M. Monte-Mor
Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.16(3):jul/set. 2006
METHODS
The Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia (FBRAS) has three older Editions published in 1926, 1959, 1977 and the newest Edition published since 1988. Each edition of FBRAS was carefully revised by us in order to obtain data about the described medicinal plants and other botanical products. Each pharmaceutical product is described in the Pharmacopoeias in the form of Monographs. For herbal products, the Monographs include data about botanical, physical-chemical and chemical analysis. From the Monographs, we extracted data about popular and scientifi c names of each species, their botanical Families, the part of the plant used, and the type of medicine described for each one in the four different Editions: vegetal drug (vd), tincture (tn), fl uid extracts (fe), oils, essencial oils (es), dry extracts (ex) and other forms. All the results were organized in Table 1.
The names of each species and their Botanical Families were updated with data researched in the site of the Missouri Botanical Garden (www.mobot.org). For those species whose names were not found in that site, we maintained the name as described in the FBRAS. References about the geographic origin were obtained from classical literature in the Pharmacognosy area such as Gilg et al. (1942), Youngken (1943), Golse (1955), Casamada (1977), Costa (1996) as well as in hystoric bibliography that described the use of medicinal plants in Minas Gerais in the nineteenth century (Burton, 1977; Dean, 1996; Figueiredo, 2002; Godoy, 1996; Mawe, 1978; Pohl, 1976; Saint-Hilaire, 1974; Silva, 1997; Spix, 1981). Native species from Brazil are indicated in Table 1 with an ‘*’.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In this study, we have performed an extensive revision within the FBRAS editions to verify all the medicinal plants and botanical products there described, looking at a total of 985 Monographs. The Monographs are for 321 different species, distributed in 98 Botanical Families. Table 1 shows the described plant and products, their respective popular and scientifi c names, Botanical Families, the part(s) used for pharmaceutical forms in each Edition of FBRAS. Several plants are intensively used for preparation of medicine as Digitalis and Cinchona species but others, such as Erytroxylum coca, Cannabis sativa or Colchicum automnale, do not have any signifi cant importance as sources of medicines.
The First Edition of FBRAS, published in 1926, includes 1702 Monographs for medicinal products. Among those, 713 Monographs (42%) refer to medicinal plants (228 for vegetal drugs and 83 for powdered drug) and products obtained from extraction: 167 Monographs for fl uid-extracts (fe), 108 Monographs for tinctures (tn), 59 Monographs for dry extracts (ex), 40 for essential oils, 10 for oils and 18 for other products. That edition
was published at a time when medicine preparation was predominatly based on natural products and plants were still the main source of materials for those products. The Second Edition was published in 1956 and includes 814 Monographs. From those, 193 (23,7%) refer to medicinal plants and other botanical products. That edition came out soon after the Second World War, a period in which several synthetic medicines were developed. At that time, an accelerated expansion of pharmaceutical production also began in Brazil with the establishment of multinational pharmaceutical companies in the country. In 1977 the Brazilian Government published the Third Edition of FBRAS including 471 Monographs for medicinal products, but the number of Monographs for medicinal plants and botanical products was strongly reduced to only 23 (4,8%). That edition does not have any Monographs for fl uid-extracts, tinctures and other products from extraction of vegetal drugs. The period was characterized by a strong wave of industrialization in Brazil and by the consolidation of foreign pharmaceutical companies within the country. The Fourth and last Edition includes, until today, only 44 Monographs for medicinal plants and botanical products. Our results show how plants have been highly substituted by synthetic medicines in the Brazilian offi cial medicine throughout the years. Table 2 shows the evolution of the number of Monographs for native Brazilian plants in FBRAS. Among those 713 Monographs in the 1st edition, 196 (27,5%) refer to medicinal plants or botanical products native from Brasil. It can be shown that those species were included in the Pharmacopoeia due their successful use by physicians and pharmacists at that time. The 2nd edition included 205 Monographs for medicinal plants and products, 32 (15,6%) of them referring to Brazilian Native plants and products. Among the 23 Monographs for vegetal products included in the 3rd edition, only 4 (17,4%) refer to Brazilian Native plants, while all the other Monographs refer to exotic or imported species. In FBRAS’s 4th edition, the fi rst Monographs for vegetal drugs were only published in 1996 and today it includes 44 Monographs, 11 (25%) of which referring to Native Brazilian medicinal plants and products.
CONCLUSION
Our survey showed a strong substitution of medicinal plantas and other native products of Brazil by synthetic products and foreign plants within FBRAS in the last decades. It shows how biodiversity and native plants and products are being progressively excluded from Brazil’s offi cial medicine throughout the years. The Fourth Edition includes a larger number of Monographs referring to native plants and products, but they are still of little signifi cance in the face of the vast available and acknowledged biodiversity and the extremely rich and still unknown traditional medicine. Special efforts are urgently necessary to validate and protect these plants.
410
Medicinal plants and other botanical products from the Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia
Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.
16(3):jul/set. 2006
Tabl
e 1.
Med
icin
al p
lant
s fro
m B
razi
lian
Offi
cial
Pha
rmac
opoe
ia, t
heir
resp
ectiv
e fa
mili
es, s
cien
tifi c
and
pop
ular
nam
es, p
art u
sed
and
prod
uct d
escr
ibed
in e
ach
editi
on.
FAM
ILY
SC
IEN
TIFI
C N
AM
E PO
PULA
R N
AM
E PA
RT
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
ALI
SMA
TAC
EAE
Echi
nodo
rus m
acro
phyl
lus (
Kun
th)
Mic
heli*
C
hapé
u de
Cou
ro /
Chá
min
eiro
Lv
s Fe
vd
AN
AC
AR
DIA
CEA
E An
acar
dium
occ
iden
tale
L.*
C
ajue
iro
Wod
vd
, fe,
tn
Schi
nus t
ereb
inth
ifoliu
s Rad
di*
Aro
eira
/ A
guar
á-yb
a / C
orne
iba
/ A
roei
ra v
erm
elha
R
ind
vd, f
e, tn
API
AC
EAE
Anet
hum
gra
veol
ens L
. En
dro
Fru
vd
Apiu
m g
rave
olen
s L.
Aip
o R
ts
vd
Arch
ange
lica
offic
inal
is H
offm
. A
ngél
ica
Rts
vd
Ca
rum
car
vi L
. A
lcar
avia
Fr
u Es
Co
nium
mac
ulat
um L
. C
icut
a / C
egud
e / A
nsar
inha
mal
hada
/
Cic
uta
mai
ror /
Cic
uta
terr
estre
Fr
u vd
, fe,
pw
Co
rian
drum
sativ
um L
. C
oent
ro
Fru
vd, e
s, pw
V
d
Dor
ema
amm
onia
cum
D. D
on
Gom
a am
onia
ca
Gum
vd
Fe
rula
ass
a-fo
etid
a L.
/ F.
nar
thex
Boi
ss.
Ass
a fé
tida
Ltx
Em, p
il, tn
Fe
rula
gal
bani
flua
Boi
ss. &
Buh
se
Gal
bano
G
um, r
esin
es
, vd
Foen
icul
um v
ulga
re M
ill.
Func
ho
Fru
tn, v
d, e
s, pw
Es
Vd
Ce
ntel
la a
siatic
a (L
.) U
rb ./
Hyd
roco
tyle
um
bella
ta L
.
Aca
riçob
a / H
erva
cap
itão
/Cen
tela
Lv
s tn
, vd,
fe
Vd
Pe
tros
elin
um sa
tivum
Hof
fm.
Sals
a ho
rtens
e / S
alsa
com
um /
Sals
a vu
lgar
Fr
u vd
Pi
mpi
nella
ani
sum
L.
Ani
z / A
niz
verd
e / E
rva
doce
Fr
u vd
, es,
pw
vd, p
w, e
s
Vd
APO
CY
NA
CEA
E G
eiss
ospe
rmum
laev
e (V
ell.)
Mie
rs*
Pa
u pe
reira
/ Pa
u fo
rqui
lha
/ Pau
de
pent
e / C
amar
á de
bilr
o / C
amar
á do
mat
o / C
anud
o am
argo
so /
Ping
uaci
ba
Rnd
vd
, fe,
tn
As
pido
sper
ma
pyrif
oliu
m M
art.
/ M
acag
lia p
erob
a (F
reire
Alle
mão
) Lyo
ns*
Pero
ba /
Pero
ba ro
sa /
Pero
ba re
vess
a / Q
uina
de
cam
pos
/ Sob
ro
Rnd
vd
, fe
Pl
umer
ia la
ncifo
lia M
üll.
Arg
.*
Ago
niad
a / S
ucuu
ba /
Ara
pué
Rnd
vd
, ex,
fe, p
w
Rauw
olfia
serp
entin
a L.
R
auvo
lfia
Rts
vd
St
roph
antu
s gra
tus (
Wal
l. &
Hoo
k.)
Fran
chet
Es
trofa
nto
Sed
tn, v
d, p
w
vd, p
w
AQ
UIF
OLI
AC
EAE
Ilex
para
guar
iens
is A
. Sai
nt-H
il.*
Mat
e / E
rva
mat
e / C
aa-m
irim
/ C
ongo
nha
/ Chá
do
s jes
uíta
s Lv
s vd
, pw
AR
AC
EAE
Acor
us c
alam
us L
. C
álam
o ar
omát
ico
Rts
vd
, pw
, tn
A
REC
AC
EAE
Cocc
us n
ucife
ra L
. / C
. but
yrac
eae
L.
Coc
o Fr
u O
il
Co
pern
icia
cer
ifera
(Arr
uda)
Mar
t*
Car
naub
eira
/ C
arna
úba
/ Car
andá
R
ts, w
ax
vd, e
x, fe
AR
ISTO
LOC
HIA
CEA
E Ar
istol
ochi
a cy
mbi
fera
Mar
t. &
Zuc
c.*
Cas
saú
/ Jar
rinha
/ C
ipó
mil
hom
ens /
Pap
o de
per
u / P
apo
de g
alo
/ Cip
ó m
ata-
cobr
as /
Ang
élic
o /
Cas
saiú
Rts
tn, v
d, e
x, fe
, pw
Ar
istol
ochi
a se
rpen
tari
a L.
/ A.
retic
ulat
a
Nut
t. Se
rpen
tária
/ Se
rpen
tária
da
Virg
ínia
/ V
iper
ina
do
Texa
s Rt
s tn
, fe,
pw
, vd
ASC
LEPI
AD
AC
EAE
Mar
sden
ia c
undu
rang
o R
chb.
F.
Con
dura
ngo
Wod
tn
, vd,
fe, p
w
A
STER
AC
EAE
Achy
rocl
ine
satu
reio
ides
(Lam
.) D
C.*
Mac
ela
/ Mar
cela
/ M
acel
a do
cam
po
Flo
vd
Anac
yclu
s pyr
ethr
um (L
.) Ca
ss.
Py
reth
ro /
Pyre
thro
da
Áfri
ca /
Saliv
aria
/ Pa
rieta
ria d
e Es
panh
a R
ts
vd, t
n
411
Maria G. Lins Brandão, Gustavo P. Cosenza, Raquel Assis Moreira, Roberto L.M. Monte-Mor
Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.16(3):jul/set. 2006
An
them
is no
bilis
L.
Cam
omila
Rom
ana
/ Cam
omila
nob
re /
Cam
omila
ve
rdad
eira
Fl
o tn
, vd,
es,
ex,
fe
Ar
ctiu
m la
ppa
L.
Bar
dana
/ Er
va d
os ti
nhos
os /
Pega
maç
o R
ts
vd, e
x, fe
, pw
Ar
nica
mon
tana
L.
Arn
ica
Rts
, flo
fe
, tn
vd, p
w
vd
Arte
misi
a ci
na B
erg
ex P
olja
kov
Sem
em-c
ontra
/ Sa
nton
ica
/ Bar
botin
a / S
emen
te
de A
lexa
ndria
/ Se
men
cina
Fl
o vd
, pw
Ar
tem
isia
absin
thiu
m L
. Lo
sna
/ Abs
intio
/ G
rand
e ab
sint
io /
Losn
a m
aior
/ A
cint
ro /
Abs
into
Lv
s, fl
o vd
, ex,
fe, t
n
Ar
tem
isia
vulg
aris
L.
Arte
mís
ia /
Arte
mís
ica
com
um /
Arte
mija
/ Fl
or d
e S.
João
Lv
s, fl
o vd
Ba
ccha
ris tr
imer
a (L
ess.)
DC
* C
arqu
eja
amar
ga
Wpl
/ stm
tn
, vd,
fe
Vd
Ch
icor
ium
inty
bus L
. C
hicó
ria /
Chi
cória
selv
agem
/Alm
eirã
o lv
s, rt
s vd
, ex,
fe
Cyna
ra sc
olym
us L
. A
lcac
hofr
a Lv
s
vd, f
e vd
Eu
pato
rium
aya
pana
Ven
t. A
yapa
na
Lvs
vd, f
e, tn
G
rind
elia
cam
poru
m G
reen
e / G
. cu
neifo
lia N
utt.
/ G. s
quar
rosa
(Pur
sh)
Dun
al
Grin
delia
/ M
alm
eque
r do
cam
po
Lvs,
flo
fe, v
d, tn
fe
, vd,
tn
M
atric
aria
recu
tita
L.
Cam
omila
vul
gar /
Cam
omila
dos
ale
mãe
s /
Mat
ricar
ia
Flo
tn, v
d, e
s, ex
vd
, tn
V
d
M
ikan
ia g
lom
erat
a Sp
reng
* G
uaco
/ G
uaco
liso
/ G
uaco
de
chei
ro /
Cip
ó ca
atin
ga
Lvs
tn, v
d, fe
V
d
M
ikan
ia h
irsu
tissi
ma
DC
.*
Cip
ó ca
belu
do
Lvs,
flo
fe
Sene
cio
bras
ilien
sis (S
pren
g.) L
ess*
Ta
snei
rinha
/ C
ravo
do
cam
po /
Cat
ião
/ Mar
ia
mol
e W
pl
vd, f
e
So
lidag
o m
icro
glos
sa D
C*
Arn
ica
silv
estre
/ Er
va la
ncet
a Lv
s, fl
o vd
, fe,
tn
Spila
nthe
s acm
ella
(L.)
Mur
ray*
A
griã
o do
Par
á / J
ambu
/ N
ham
bu /
Jam
bu-a
çu /
Jam
bu-ra
na
Lvs,
flo
vd
, tn
St
evia
reba
udia
na (B
erto
ni) B
erto
ni
Esté
via
Lvs
Vd
Ta
raxa
cum
tara
xacu
m v
ar. s
copu
loru
m
(A. G
ray)
A. H
elle
r Ta
raxa
co /
Den
te d
e le
ão
Rts
vd
BER
BER
IDA
CEA
E Po
doph
yllu
m p
elta
tum
L.
Podó
filo
Rts
fe
, pw
, vd
B
IGN
ON
IAC
EAE
Anem
opae
gma
mira
ndum
(Cha
m.)
Mar
t.
ex D
C*
Cat
uaba
/ C
atui
ba
Rtz
tn
, vd,
ex, f
e
Ja
cara
nda
caro
ba (V
ell.)
A.D
C.*
C
arob
a / C
arob
inha
/ Ca
mbo
ta p
eque
na /
Caro
ba
do c
ampo
ou
roxa
Lv
s vd
, ex,
fe, p
w
Ty
nnan
thus
fasc
icul
atus
Mie
rs /
T.
eleg
antu
s Mie
rs*
Cip
ó cr
avo
/ Cip
ó tri
ndad
e St
m
fe, t
n vd
BO
MB
AC
AC
EAE
Chor
isia
spec
iosa
A. S
aint
- Hil.
*
Pain
eira
Fl
o vd
BR
ASS
ICA
CEA
E Co
chle
aria
offi
cina
lis L
. C
ocle
aria
W
pl, f
ru
vd
Bras
sica
nigr
a (L
.) W
.D.J.
Koc
h M
osta
rda
pret
a Se
d es
, vd,
pw
vd
, pw
Rorip
a ar
mor
acia
(L.)
Hitc
h.
Ráb
ano
Rús
tico
/ Rab
ão rú
stico
/ R
aban
o ba
star
do
/ Sar
amag
o m
aior
R
ts
vd, f
e
Ro
ripa
nastu
rtium
(L. )
Rus
by
Agr
ião
Wpl
vd
BU
RSE
RA
CEA
E Co
mm
ipho
ra m
olm
ol (N
ees)
Bai
llon
Mirr
a O
il, re
sin
tn, e
s, vd
412
Medicinal plants and other botanical products from the Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia
Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.
16(3):jul/set. 2006
Pr
otiu
m h
epta
phyl
lum
(Aub
l.) M
arch
and/
P.
icic
arib
a (D
C.)
Mar
chan
d *
Elem
i / A
lmec
ega
/ Ele
mi d
o Br
asil
/ Gom
a lim
ão
Oil,
resi
n Es
re
s
CA
MPA
NU
LAC
EAE
Lobe
lia in
flata
L.
Lobé
lia /
Taba
co in
dian
o Lv
s, fl
o fe
, pw
, tn
vd, p
w, t
n vd
C
AN
NA
BA
CEA
E Ca
nnab
is sa
tiva
L.
Cân
ham
o da
Índi
a / M
acon
ha /
Mec
onha
/ D
iam
ba
/ Lia
mba
Fl
o tn
, vd,
ex,
fe,
pw
H
umul
us lu
pulu
s L.
Lupu
lino
Flo
fe, v
d
CA
PRIF
OLI
AC
EAE
Sam
bucu
s aus
tralis
Cha
m. &
Sch
lech
.*
Sabu
guei
ro
Flo
vd
Vibu
rnum
pru
nifo
lium
L. /
V. l
enta
go L
. V
ibur
no /
Espi
nhei
ro p
reto
W
od
vd, e
x, fe
, pw
fe
, vd
CA
RIC
AC
EAE
Caric
a pa
paya
L. *
M
amoe
ira /
Cha
mbu
ru
Flo,
fru
vd, f
e, lx
CEC
RO
PIA
CEA
E Ce
crop
ia h
olol
euca
Miq
.*
Im
baúb
a / I
mba
úba
bran
ca /
Imba
íba
/ Am
baíb
a /
Am
baúb
a / Á
rvor
e da
pre
guiç
a sh
oot
vd, f
e
CEL
AST
RA
CEA
E Ev
onym
us a
tropu
rpur
eus J
acqu
in
Evôn
imo
Wod
/ rts
vd, e
x, fe
, pw
M
ayte
nus i
licifo
lia (S
chra
d.) P
lanc
h.*
Espi
nhei
ra S
anta
Lv
s
Vd
CH
ENO
POD
IAC
EAE
Chen
opod
ium
am
bros
ioid
es L
. Er
va d
e Sa
nta
Mar
ia /
Men
truz
/ Ans
erin
a ve
rmífu
ga /
Am
bros
ia /
Erva
de
form
igue
ira /
Uza
idel
la /
Chá
de
Méx
ico
Wpl
, lvs
es
, vd
Es
CLU
SIA
CEA
E G
arci
nia
hanb
uryi
Hoo
ker
Gom
a gu
ta /
Cam
bogi
a G
um
vd
Hyp
eric
um la
xius
culu
m A
. Sai
nt-H
il.*
Ale
crim
bra
vo /
Erva
sant
a Fl
o V
d, fe
CO
MM
ELIN
AC
EAE
Trad
esca
ntia
diu
retic
a M
art.
. Tr
apoe
raba
W
pl
vd, f
e
CO
NV
OLV
ULA
CEA
E Co
nvol
vulu
s sca
mm
onia
L.
Esca
môn
ea
Rts
tn
, vd,
pw
Cu
scut
a um
bella
ta K
unth
* C
ipó
chum
bo
Wpl
vd
, fe
Exog
oniu
m p
urga
(Wen
der.)
Ben
t.
Jala
pa
Rts
tn
, vd,
pw
O
perc
ulin
a m
acro
carp
a (L
inn)
Urb
.*
Jala
pa d
o Br
asil
/ Bat
ata
de p
urga
/ Ja
lapã
o R
ts
vd, f
e vd
, pw
, res
tn
CU
CU
RB
ITA
CEA
E Ap
odan
ther
a sm
ilaci
folia
Cog
n.*
Cip
ó az
ougu
e R
ts
vd, f
e, p
w
Caya
poni
a es
pelin
a (S
ilva
Man
so) C
ogn.
* Es
pelin
a / T
omba
/ Pu
rga
de c
arijó
R
ts
vd, f
e
Ca
yapo
nia
tayu
ya (V
ell.)
Cog
n.*
Taiu
iá /
Tayu
yú /
Abo
brin
ha d
o m
ato
/ Tay
uyá
do
frut
o en
carn
ado
Rts
fe
, vd,
tn
Ci
trullu
s col
ocyn
this
(L.)
Schr
ad.
Colo
cínt
ide
fru,
sed
tn
, ex,
pw
Cu
curb
ita p
epo
L. /
C. m
axim
a D
uche
sne
Abó
bora
/ Je
rimum
/ Je
rimu
Fres
h se
d vd
vd
Fevi
llea
trilo
bata
L.*
N
hand
iroba
/ Fa
va d
e Sa
nto
Inác
io d
o B
rasil
/ Ci
pó
de ja
boti
/ Gua
peva
Se
d vd
, tn
CU
PRES
SAC
EAEA
Ju
nipe
rus c
omm
unis
L.
Zim
bro
/ Jun
iper
o Fr
u vd
, fe,
es
Juni
peru
s oxy
cedr
us L
.
Cad
e W
ood
Oil
Oil
Ju
nipe
rus s
abin
a L.
Sa
bina
Fr
esh
flo
vd, f
e, e
s
DIL
LEN
IAC
EAE
Dav
illa
rugo
sa P
oir.*
C
ipó
cabo
clo
/ Cip
ó ca
rijó
/ Sab
aibi
nha
/ Fol
ha d
e lix
a / C
ap-h
omem
Lv
s vd
, fe
vd
DR
YO
PTER
IDA
CEA
E D
ryop
teris
filix
-mas
(L.)
Scho
tt Fe
to m
acho
/ D
ente
rrur
a R
ts
Ex,v
d Ex
, vd
E RIC
AC
EAE
Arct
osta
phyl
os u
va-u
rsi (
L. )
Spre
ngel
U
va u
rsin
a / B
ruxu
lo
Lvs
vd, f
e, p
w
Vd
E RY
THR
OX
YLA
CEA
E Er
ythr
oxyl
lum
coc
a La
m.
Coca
/ Ip
adu
Lvs
tn, v
d, fe
, pw
E UPH
OR
BIA
CEA
E Cr
oton
elu
teria
(L.)
W. W
right
C
asca
rilha
W
od
tn, v
d, e
x, fe
, pw
Cr
oton
tigl
ium
L.
Cro
ton
Sed
Oil
Euph
orbi
a re
sini
fera
O. B
erg
Eufo
rbio
Lt
x Em
pl, v
d
413
Maria G. Lins Brandão, Gustavo P. Cosenza, Raquel Assis Moreira, Roberto L.M. Monte-Mor
Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.16(3):jul/set. 2006
H
evea
bra
silie
nsis
(Will
d. e
x A
. Jus
s.)
Mül
l. A
rg.*
B
orra
cha
/ Bor
rach
a do
Par
á / C
autc
hu /
Gom
a el
átic
a Lt
x vd
M
allo
tus p
hilip
pine
nsis
var.
palli
dus A
iry
Shaw
K
amal
a Fr
u vd
, tn
Ph
ylla
nthu
s niru
ri L.
* Q
uebr
a-pe
dra
Lvs
V
d
Phyl
lant
hus t
enel
lus R
oxb.
* Q
uebr
a-pe
dra
Lvs
V
d
Rici
nus c
omm
unis
L.
Mam
ona
Sed
oil
Oil
F AB
AC
EAE
Abru
s pre
cato
rius L
. Je
quiti
ri / P
eriq
uiti
/ Yuk
eryt
y / O
lhos
de
pom
bo /
Tent
o / A
rvoe
iro /
Ass
acu-
miri
m /
Juqu
eriti
Se
d vd
Ac
acia
cat
echu
(L. f
.) W
illd.
/ Ac
acia
su
ma
Buch
.-Ham
. ex
Wal
l.
Cat
o / C
ato
de p
egu
/ Cat
echu
/ Te
rra
japo
nica
Ex
d ex
, tn
Ac
acia
sene
gal (
L.) W
illd.
G
oma
arab
ica
Gum
vd
, pw
Ar
achi
s hyp
ogae
a L.
* A
men
doim
Se
d O
il oi
l
Oil
As
traga
lus g
umm
ifer L
abill
. G
oma
alca
tira
Gum
vd
, pw
vd
, pw
Bowd
ichi
a vi
rgili
oide
s Kun
th*
Su
cupi
ra /
Sico
pira
/ Se
bipi
ra
Sed
fe, t
n
Co
paib
a of
ficin
alis
(L.)
Kun
tze
/ C.
coria
cea
(Mar
t.) K
untz
e / C
. lan
gsdo
rfii
(Des
f.) K
untz
e / C
. obl
ongi
folia
(Mar
t.)
Kun
tze*
Bál
sam
o de
cop
aíba
B
alsa
m
Es
Er
ythr
ina
mul
ungu
Mar
t.ex
Bent
h.*
Mul
ungu
/ M
urun
gu /
Suin
a / S
apat
inho
de
jude
u /
Bic
o de
pap
agai
o W
od
fe, t
n vd
G
lycy
rrhi
za g
labr
a L.
A
lcaç
uz /
Rego
liz
Rts
vd, e
x, fe
, pw
vd
, pw
, ex,
fe
vd
V
d
Lo
ncho
carp
us p
ecko
lti W
awra
* Ti
mbó
bot
icár
io
Wod
tn
, vd,
ex,
fe
Myr
ospe
rmum
per
eira
e R
oyle
*
Bál
sam
o pe
ruvi
ano
/ Bál
sam
o do
Per
u B
alsa
m
vd, t
n
M
yrox
ylon
bal
sam
um (L
.) H
arm
s B
álsa
mo
de T
olú
Bal
sam
vd
, tn
vd, t
n
Pipt
aden
ia c
olub
rina
(Vel
l.) B
enth
.*
Ang
ico
Wod
, gum
fe
Ph
ysos
tigm
a ve
neno
sum
Bal
f. f.
Fava
de
cala
bar
Sed
tn, e
x, v
d, p
w
Pter
ocar
pus m
arsu
pium
Rox
b.
Kin
o / K
ino
de M
alab
ar /
Din
o de
Mad
ras /
Kin
o de
Coc
hin
juic
e Ju
ice
Se
nna
alex
andr
ina
P. M
ill.
Se
ne
Lvs
vd, f
e, p
w
vd, p
w
vd
Vd
Se
nna
occi
dent
alis
L.*
Fede
goso
/ M
ager
ioba
/ Pa
jam
ario
ba /
Paye
riaba
/ Fo
lha
de p
agé
/ Tar
aruc
u / M
aman
gá /
Lava
-pra
tos
Rts
vd
, fe
St
ryph
node
ndro
n ad
strin
gens
(Mar
t.)
Cov
ille*
B
arba
timão
/ B
arba
de
timan
/ U
abat
imó
/ Ybá
tim
o rin
d fe
, tn
vd
V
d
Sw
eetia
ele
gans
(Vog
el) B
enth
. *
Pero
binh
a ca
mpe
stre
/ Pe
robi
nha
/ Per
obin
ha d
o ca
mpo
/ Le
ptol
bio
Rts
, wod
vd
, fe
Ta
mar
indu
s ind
ica
L.
Tam
arin
do
Fru
Polp
a, v
d
F AG
AC
EAE
Que
rcus
infe
ctor
ia G
. Oliv
ier
Gal
ha
Gal
ha
tn, v
d, p
w
F L
AC
OU
RTI
AC
EAE
Carp
otro
che
bras
ilien
sis (R
addi
) End
l. *
Sapu
cain
ha
Sed
Oil
F U
MA
RIA
CEA
E Fu
mar
ia o
ffici
nalis
L.
Fu
már
ia /
Erva
mol
arin
ha
flo
vd, f
e
GEN
TIA
NA
CEA
E Er
ythr
aea
cent
auriu
m (L
.) B
orkh
. C
enta
urea
Men
or /
Que
bra
febr
e Fl
o V
d, fe
G
entia
na lu
tea
L. /
G. p
anno
nica
Sco
p. /
G
. pur
pure
a L.
/ G
. pun
ctat
a L.
G
enci
ana
/ Arg
ença
na
Rts
tn
, vd,
ex,
fe,
pw
ex, f
e, v
d,
pw, t
n
Vd
414
Medicinal plants and other botanical products from the Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia
Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.
16(3):jul/set. 2006
GER
AN
IAC
EAE
Ger
aniu
m m
acul
atum
L.
Ger
ânio
R
ts
vd, f
e, p
w
H
AM
AM
ELID
AC
EAE
H
amam
elis
virg
inia
na L
. H
amam
elis
Lv
s tn
, ex,
fe, v
d ex
, fe,
vd,
tn
V
d
Liqu
idam
bar o
rient
alis
Mill
. Es
tora
que
Bal
sam
B
als,
Es
bals
am
HIP
POC
AST
AN
AC
EAE
Aesc
ulus
hip
poca
stanu
m L
.
Cas
tanh
eiro
da
Índi
a W
od
vd, f
e vd
Vd
I RID
AC
EAE
Croc
us sa
tivus
L.
Aça
frão
Es
tigm
tn
, vd,
ex,
fe,
pw
Ir
is flo
rent
ina
L. /
I. pa
llida
Lam
. / I.
ge
rman
ica
L.
Lírio
Flo
rent
ino
/ Líri
o de
Flo
renç
a / Í
ris fl
oren
tino
Rts
vd
, pw
J UG
LAN
DA
CEA
E Ju
glan
s reg
ia L
. N
ogue
ira
Lvs
vd, f
e
KR
AM
ERIA
CEA
E Kr
amer
ia a
rgen
tea
Mar
t. ex
Spr
eng.
* R
atân
ia /
Ratâ
nia
do P
ará
Rts
tn
,vd,
ex,
fe,
pw
ex, f
e, v
d, tn
L AM
IAC
EAE
Cuni
la m
icro
ceph
ala
Ben
th.
Poej
o Lv
s, fl
o vd
, fe
Gle
chom
a he
dera
cea
L.
Her
a Te
rrest
re /
Erva
de
S. J
oão
Aer
par
ts
vd, f
e, v
d
G
lech
on sp
athu
lata
Ben
th.
Man
gero
na /
Man
gero
na d
o ca
mpo
Lv
s, fl
o vd
, fe
Lava
ndul
a an
gusti
folia
Mill
. A
lfaze
ma
Flo
vd, e
s Es
Leon
otis
nepe
taef
olia
(L.)
R. B
row
n C
ordã
o de
frad
e / R
ubim
W
pl
vd, f
e
Le
onur
us si
biric
us L
. Er
va M
acaé
Lv
s, fl
o vd
, fe
Mel
issa
offic
inal
is L.
Er
va c
idre
ira /
Mel
issa
A
eria
l pts
vd
, fe,
es
Men
tha
arve
nsis
L.
Hor
telã
do
Bras
il A
eria
l pts
es, v
d
Men
tha
pipe
rita
subs
p. c
itrat
a Br
iq.
H
orte
lã p
imen
ta
Aer
ial p
ts
vd, f
e, e
s
M
enth
a vi
ridis
(L.)
L.
Hor
telã
com
um
Aer
ial p
ts
Es
Oci
mum
bas
ilicu
m L
. A
lfava
ca
Lvs /
flo
vd
Oci
mum
can
um S
ims
Alfa
vaca
cam
pest
re /
Rem
édio
do
vaqu
eiro
/ Se
gure
lha
lvs
/ flo
vd
, fe
Pe
ltodo
n ra
dica
ns P
ohl *
Pa
raca
ri / H
orte
lã d
o Br
asil
/ Hor
telã
o do
mat
o Fl
o vd
, fe
Rosm
arin
us o
ffici
nalis
L.
Ale
crim
lv
s vd
, es
Es
Sa
lvia
offi
cina
lis L
. Sá
lvia
/ Sa
lva
Lvs
vd
Thym
us se
rpyl
lum
L.
Serp
ão
Lvs
Es
Thym
us v
ulga
ris L
. To
milh
o / T
hym
o Fl
o vd
, es,
fe
Es
LAU
RA
CEA
E Ci
nnam
omum
zeyl
anic
um J.
S.Pr
esl.
Cane
la-d
o-Ce
ilão
rind
tn, v
d, e
s, fe
, pw
vd
, pw
, es,
fe, t
n vd
vd
Ci
nnam
omum
cas
sia
(Nee
s) B
lum
e C
anel
a-da
-Chi
na
rind
vd,
pw
vd, p
w,
La
urus
nob
ilis L
. Lo
urei
ro /
Lour
eiro
com
um /
Lour
o / L
ouro
co
mum
Fr
u vd
D
icyp
elliu
m c
aryo
phyl
latu
m N
ees*
C
anel
a cr
avo
/ Cra
veiro
do
Mar
anhã
o / P
au c
ravo
/ Im
ira a
taia
/ Ib
yrag
iynh
á ou
Kiy
nia
(Tup
inic
o) /
Lica
ri-K
ani (
Cara
íba)
Wod
tn
, vd,
fe
Ne
ctan
dra
pube
rula
(Sch
ott)
Nee
s C
anel
a pr
eta
/ Can
ela
pret
a da
serr
a / C
anel
a am
argo
sa /
Lour
o pr
eto
/ Lou
ro a
mar
goso
s /
Surin
êa /
Pau
de S
ant’A
na
Wod
tn
, vd,
ex,
fe
Sa
ssaf
ras s
assa
fras (
L.) H
. Kar
st.
Sass
afrá
s R
ind/
rts
es, p
w, v
d Es
Oco
tea
sass
afra
s (M
eisn
.) M
ez *
C
anel
a Sa
ssaf
rás /
Can
ela
func
ho /
Lour
o sa
ssaf
rás
/ Anh
u-yb
a-pe
abya
Ri
nd
tn, v
d, fe
, pw
Pe
rsea
gra
tisim
a L.
A
baca
teiro
Lv
s vd
, fe
vd, f
e
415
Maria G. Lins Brandão, Gustavo P. Cosenza, Raquel Assis Moreira, Roberto L.M. Monte-Mor
Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.16(3):jul/set. 2006
L EC
YTH
IDA
CEA
E Ca
rini
ana
bras
ilien
sis C
asar
.*
Jequ
itibá
/ Je
quiti
bá ró
seo
/ Jec
uia
/ Ygi
bybá
W
od
fe, v
d
LILI
AC
EAE
Alliu
m sa
tivum
L.
Alh
o B
ulbs
Vd
Al
oe fe
rox
Mill
./ A.
bar
bade
nsis
Mill
. A
loe
/ Aze
vre
Juic
e ex
, tn
Juic
e, p
w
vd
Colc
hicu
m a
utum
nale
L.
Cól
chic
o / N
arci
so d
e ou
tono
/ A
çafr
ão b
asta
rdo
Sed
tn, e
x, fe
, pw
vd
vd
Co
nval
laria
maj
alis
L.
Lírio
con
vale
/ Lí
rio d
os v
ales
/ C
onva
laria
/ M
ugue
to
Flo
vd, f
e, tn
Sc
hoen
ocau
lon
offic
inal
e (S
chltd
l. &
C
ham
.) A
. Gra
y ex
Ben
th.
Cev
adilh
a Se
d vd
, tn
U
rgin
ea m
ariti
ma
(L.)
Bake
r Sc
ila /
Alb
arrã
bra
nca
/ Ceb
ola
alba
rrã
/ Ceb
ola
mar
itim
a Bu
lbs
tn, v
d, fe
, pw
Ve
ratr
um v
iride
Aito
n H
eléb
oro
Ver
de /
Hel
ébor
o am
eric
ano
Rts
tn
, fe,
pw
fe
, vd
L IN
AC
EAE
Linu
m u
sitat
issim
um L
. Li
nho
/ Lin
haça
Se
d vd
, oil,
pw
L OG
AN
IAC
EAE
Budd
leja
bra
silie
nsis
Jacq
. Ex
Spre
ng.*
B
arba
sco
/ Ver
basc
o br
asile
iro
Lvs
vd, f
e
G
else
miu
m se
mpe
rvir
ens (
L.) J
. St.-
Hil.
G
elsê
mio
/ Ja
smim
da
Virg
inia
/ Ja
smim
am
arel
o R
ts
tn, v
d, e
x, fe
, pw
St
rych
nos n
ux v
omic
a L.
N
oz v
ômic
a Se
d tn
, ex,
fe, p
w
tn
St
rych
nos p
seud
o-qu
ina
A.S
aint
-Hil.
* Q
uina
do
Cam
po /
Qui
na d
o C
erra
do /
Qui
na d
e M
ato
Gro
sso
Wod
vd
, fe
L OR
AN
THA
CEA
E St
ruth
anth
us m
argi
natu
s (D
esr.)
Blu
me
Er
va d
e pa
ssar
inho
/ Er
va d
e pa
ssar
inho
miú
da /
Enxe
rto d
e pa
ssar
inho
/ O
cra
Lvs
vd, f
e
L YC
OPO
DIA
CEA
E Ly
copo
dium
cla
vatu
m L
. Li
copó
dio
Espo
ros
vd, t
n
MA
GN
OLI
AC
EAE
Dry
mis
wint
eri W
inte
r *
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ca d
e an
ta /
Cas
ca d
e W
inte
r / P
arat
udo
/ C
apor
oca
/ Mel
ambo
W
od
tn, v
d, fe
Ill
iciu
m v
erum
Hoo
k. f.
B
adia
na /
Bad
iana
da
Chi
na /
Ani
s est
rela
do /
Ani
s da
Chi
na
Fru
vd, e
s, pw
, tn
vd, p
w, t
n vd
V
d
MA
LVA
CEA
E Al
thae
a of
ficin
alis
L.
Alté
ia /
Mal
vais
co
Rts
vd
, pw
vd
, pw
Gos
sypi
um h
erba
ceum
L.
Alg
odoe
iro
wod
fe
O
il
Mal
va sy
lves
tris L
.
Mal
va /
Mal
va se
lava
gem
/ M
alva
mai
or
Lvs
vd
vd
V
d
Ure
na lo
bata
L
Gua
xim
a / G
uaxi
ma
roxa
/ M
alva
isco
silv
estre
Lv
s vd
MA
RA
NTH
AC
EAE
Mar
anth
a ar
undi
nace
ae L
.*
Ara
ruta
/ A
raru
ta d
o B
rasi
l, da
s Ant
ilhas
ou
das
Índi
as O
cide
ntai
s St
arch
vd
MEL
IAC
EAE
Cabr
alea
can
gera
na S
alda
nha
Can
gera
na /
Caj
á-ra
na /
Cay
aran
a W
od
vd, f
e
MEN
ISPE
RM
AC
EAE
Chon
dode
ndro
n pl
atyp
hyllu
m (
A. S
aint
- H
il.) M
iers
* A
bútu
a / B
utua
/ B
aga
da p
raia
/ Ja
botic
aba
de c
ipó
/ Par
reira
bra
va /
Parr
eira
silv
estre
Rt
s tn
, ex,
fe, p
w
vd, p
w
Ja
trorr
hiza
pal
mat
a (L
am.)
Mie
rs*
Calu
mba
Rt
s ex
, fe,
pw
, tn
vd, p
w
MEN
YA
NTH
AC
EAE
Men
yant
hes t
rifol
iata
L.
Trev
o aq
uátic
o / T
rifol
io fi
brin
o / T
revo
d´á
gua
/ tre
vo d
os c
harc
os
Lvs
vd
MO
NIM
IAC
EAE
Peum
us b
oldu
s Mol
ina
B
oldo
Lv
s vd
, fe
vd, p
w, f
e, tn
Vd
Si
paru
na a
pios
yce
(Mar
t. Ex
Tul
.) A
. DC.
*
Lim
oeiro
bra
vo /
Lim
oeiro
do
mat
o / L
imão
bra
vo
/ Lim
ãozi
nho
/ Cid
reira
do
mat
o / C
idril
ha si
lves
tre
/ Neg
ra m
ina
Lvs
vd
MO
RA
CEA
E D
orste
nia
mul
tifor
mis
var.
arifo
lia
(Lam
.) B
urea
u *
Car
apiá
/ Ca
apiá
/ C
ontra
-her
va
Rts
vd
, fe
M
orus
nig
ra L
. A
mor
a Fr
u Ju
ice
416
Medicinal plants and other botanical products from the Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia
Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.
16(3):jul/set. 2006
MY
RIS
TIC
AC
EAE
Myr
istic
a fr
agra
ns H
outt.
N
oz m
osca
da
Sed
es, b
utte
r, pw
Es
M
YR
TAC
EAE
Euca
lypt
us c
itrio
dora
Hoo
k.
Euca
lipto
-lim
ão
Lvs
es
Euca
lypt
us g
lobu
lus L
abill
. Eu
calip
to
Lvs
tn, v
d, fe
, es
Es
V
d
Euge
nia
unifl
ora
L.*
Pita
ngue
ira
Lvs
V
d
Mel
aleu
ca le
ucad
endr
on L
. C
ajep
ute
Lvs
Es
Es
Ps
idiu
m g
uaya
va R
addi
G
oiab
eira
/ G
uaia
ba /
Ara
çá u
açu
/ Gua
iava
/ K
oyha
b (T
upi)
/ Dja
mbo
é W
od
vd, f
e
V
d
Sy
zygi
um a
rom
atic
um (L
.) M
err.
& P
erry
C
ravo
da
Índi
a flo
tn
, vd,
es,
pw
vd, p
w, e
s
Vd
NY
CTA
GIN
AC
EAE
Boer
havi
a hi
rsut
a Ja
cq.*
Er
va to
stão
/ Ta
ngar
aca
/ Peg
a pi
nto
/ Bre
do d
e po
rco
Rts
vd
, fe
OLA
CA
CEA
E Pt
ycho
peta
lum
ola
coid
es B
enth
. *
Mui
rapu
ama
/ Mar
apua
ma
Rts
tn
, ex,
fe, v
d vd
O
LEA
CEA
E Fr
axin
us o
rnus
L.
M
aná
Wod
Ju
ice
Ole
a eu
rope
a L.
O
liva
Sed
oil
oil
O
il O
RC
HID
AC
EAE
Vani
lla p
lani
folia
And
rew
s*
Bau
nilh
a Fr
u vd
, tn
vd, t
n
P A
PAV
ERA
CEA
E Pa
pave
r rho
eas L
. Pa
poul
a ru
bra
Peta
ls
vd, f
e
Pa
pave
r som
nife
rum
L.
Dor
mid
eira
/ Pa
poul
a br
anca
fr
u vd
, tn,
ex,
fe,
lx
ex, f
e, p
w, t
n
P ASS
IFLO
RA
CEA
E Pa
ssifl
ora
alat
a C
urtis
* M
arac
ujá
Lvs
fe, v
d, tn
vd
vd
PED
ALI
AC
EAE
Sesa
mum
indi
cum
L.
Ger
gelim
se
d oi
l
oi
l P H
YTO
LAC
AC
EAE
Petiv
eria
tetr
andr
a B.
A. G
omes
Pi
pi /
Erva
de
pipi
/ Ti
pi /
Erva
de
guin
á / E
rva
d´al
ho /
Emby
a-ye
ndo
/ Em
boay
embo
/ O
coem
bo /
Muc
ura-
caá
Rts
vd
, fe,
tn
P IN
AC
EAE
Abie
s abi
es R
usby
Pe
z de
Bor
gonh
a / P
ez b
ranc
o / P
ez d
os v
osgo
s /
Pez
amar
elo
/ Res
ina
amar
ela
Res
in
vd
La
rix la
rix (L
.) K
arst
. Te
rebe
ntin
ha d
e V
enez
a / T
ereb
enol
eo d
o La
ricio
W
od
resi
n
Pi
nus m
onta
na M
ill.
Pinh
eiro
Lv
s es
, fe
Pinu
s pal
ustri
s Mill
. Te
rebi
ntin
a / T
ereb
entin
a co
mum
/ Te
rebe
ntin
a do
pi
nhei
ro /
tere
bent
ina
de B
ordé
os /
Tere
bent
ina
fran
cesa
Res
in
vd, e
s Es
Pi
nus s
ylve
stris
L.
Pinh
eiro
silv
estre
sh
oot
vd
P I
PER
AC
EAE
Hec
keri
a um
bella
ta (L
.) K
unth
*
Parip
arob
a / C
aa-p
eua
/ Caa
peba
/ Ca
peba
/ C
aom
a / C
ataj
é / A
guax
ima
Rts
vd
, fe,
tn
Pi
per a
dunc
um L
. A
perta
ruão
lv
s fe
Pi
per a
ngus
tifol
ium
Lam
. M
atic
o / E
rva
de s
olda
do /
Moh
o-m
oho
/ Pim
enta
m
atic
o lv
s tn
, vd,
fe, p
w
Pi
per c
ubeb
a L.
f.
Cub
eba
fru
tn, v
d, e
x, fe
, es
, pw
PLU
MB
AG
INA
CEA
E St
atic
e br
asili
ensis
Boi
ss*
Gua
icur
u / B
aicu
ru
rts
vd, f
e
P OA
CEA
E Ag
ropy
rum
repe
ns (L
. ) P
al. B
eauv
ois
Gra
ma
Rts
vd
, ex,
fe
Cym
bopo
gon
citra
tus (
DC.
) Sta
pf
Cap
im li
mão
Lv
s
Vd
Cy
mbo
pogo
n m
artin
ianu
s (R
oxb.
) Sch
ult.
Pa
lma
rosa
Lv
s
Es
Cy
mbo
pogo
n wi
nter
ianu
s Jow
itt e
x B
or
Jaça
pé /
Cap
im li
mão
Lv
s Es
Es
Hor
deum
vul
gare
L.
Mal
te /
mal
ta
Sed
ex, v
d ex
, vd
417
Maria G. Lins Brandão, Gustavo P. Cosenza, Raquel Assis Moreira, Roberto L.M. Monte-Mor
Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.16(3):jul/set. 2006
Im
pera
ta e
xalta
ta (R
oxb.
) Bro
ngn.
Sa
pé /
Sapé
mac
ho
Rts
ex
, fe
ex, v
d
Zea
may
s L.*
M
ilho
Estil
/ est
. vd
, ex,
fe
P O
LYG
ALA
CEA
E
Poly
gala
sene
ga L
.
Polig
ala
/ Pol
igal
a da
Virg
inia
/ Se
nega
rts
tn
, fe,
pw
, vd
fe, v
d, p
w, t
n
Vd
P OLY
GO
NA
CEA
E Po
lygo
num
bist
orta
L.
Bis
torta
R
ts
vd, f
e
Rh
eum
pal
mat
um L
./ R.
offi
cina
le B
aill.
Ru
ibar
bo
Rts
tn, v
d, e
x, fe
, pw
ex
, fe,
vd,
pw
Vd
P TER
IDA
CEA
E Ad
iant
um c
apill
us- v
ener
is L.
A
venc
a / A
venc
a co
mum
/ C
ablo
de
Vên
us /
Cap
illar
ia d
e M
ontp
ellie
r fr
onde
vd
, fe
Ad
iant
um p
edat
um L
. A
venc
a do
Can
adá
/ Cap
illar
ia d
o C
anad
á fr
onde
vd
, fe
P U
NIC
AC
EAE
Puni
ca g
rana
tum
L.
Rom
eira
/ R
omãz
eira
W
od, r
ts
vd, e
x, fe
, pw
RA
NU
NC
ULA
CEA
E Ac
onitu
m n
apel
us L
. A
côni
to
Rts
tn, e
x, fe
, pw
vd
, pw
, tn
vd
Adon
is ve
rnal
is L.
A
doni
s Fl
o tn
, vd,
fe, p
w
Cim
icifu
ga ra
cem
osa
(L.)
Nut
t.
Cim
ífuga
Rt
s tn
, vd,
fe, p
w
Hyd
rasti
s can
aden
sis L
.
Hid
rast
e rts
tn
, ex,
fe, v
d,
pw
ex, f
e, v
d, tn
vd
V
d
Pu
lsat
illa
pulsa
tilla
(L.)
H. K
arst
. / P
. pr
aten
sis (L
.) M
ill.
Puls
atila
/ A
nem
ola
/ Ane
mon
a / C
ampa
rilha
/ Fl
or
de P
asch
oa
Lvs,
flo
vd, t
n
RH
AM
NA
CEA
E Rh
amnu
s fra
ngul
a L.
A
mie
iro p
reto
/ Fr
angu
la
wod
vd
, fe,
pw
Rh
amnu
s pur
shia
na D
C.
Cás
cara
Sag
rada
W
od
tn, f
e, e
x, p
w
vd, p
w, e
x,
fe, t
n vd
V
d
RO
SAC
EAE
Amyg
dalu
s com
mun
is L.
var
. dul
cis
(Mill
.) D
C.
Am
êndo
a do
ce
sed
vd
Am
ygda
lus c
omm
unis
L. v
ar. a
mar
a Lu
dwig
ex
DC
A
mên
doa
amar
ga
Sed
vd, e
s, oi
l
Cr
atae
gus o
xyac
anth
a su
bsp.
pa
lmstr
uchi
i (Li
ndm
.) H
rabe
tova
-Uhr
ova
C
rate
go /
Pilti
eiro
/ Es
pinh
eiro
alv
ar
flo
vd
, fe
vd
Cy
doni
a cy
doni
a (L
.) H
. Kar
st.
Mar
mel
o Se
d vd
H
agen
ia a
byss
inic
a J.F
. Gm
el.
Cuss
o / C
osso
/ K
ouss
o / K
oso
Flo
vd, f
e, p
w
Prun
us d
omes
tica
L.
Am
eixa
/ A
mei
xa p
reta
Fr
u vd
, fe
vd, f
e
Qui
llaja
sapo
naria
Mol
ina
Qui
láia
/ Ca
sca
do P
anam
á
Wod
vd
, fe,
tn
Rosa
gal
lica
L./ R
. dam
asce
na M
ill.
Ros
a ru
bra
/ Ros
a ve
rmel
ha /
Ros
a fr
ance
sa
Flo
vd, f
e, E
s
Ru
bus r
osae
foliu
s Sm
. Fr
ambo
esa
Fru
vd
R
UB
IAC
EAE
Borr
eria
cen
trant
hoid
es C
ham
. &
Schl
echt
.*
Sabu
guei
rinho
do
cam
po
Wpl
vd
, fe
Ch
ioco
cca
brac
hiat
a R
uiz
& P
av. *
C
ainc
a / C
anin
ana
/ Cip
ó cr
uz /
Cruz
eirin
ha /
Fedo
rent
a/ D
ambr
e / R
aiz
de fr
ade
Rts
tn, v
d, e
x, fe
Ci
ncho
na c
alis
aya
Wed
d.
Qui
na a
mar
ela
/ Qui
na c
alis
aya
Wod
vd
, ex,
pw
, tn
ex, f
e, v
d,
pw, t
n vd
Ci
ncho
na su
ccir
ubra
Pav
. Ex
Klo
tzsc
h/
C. p
ubes
cens
Vah
l Q
uina
ver
mel
ha /
Qui
na ru
bra
Wod
vd
, ex,
fe, p
w
vd, p
w
vd
Vd
Ce
phae
lis ip
ecac
uanh
a (B
rot.)
Sto
kes *
/
Ceph
aelis
acu
min
ata
Kar
sten
Ip
ecac
uanh
a / I
peca
cuan
ha a
nela
da /
Ipec
acua
nha
pret
a / P
oaia
Rt
s tn
, ex,
fe, v
d,
pw
ex, f
e, p
w, t
n vd
V
d
Re
miji
a fe
rrug
inea
(A. S
t.-H
il.) D
C. *
Q
uina
min
eira
/ Q
uina
de
rem
ijio
/ Qui
na d
a se
rra
Wod
vd
, fe,
tn
418
Medicinal plants and other botanical products from the Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia
Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.
16(3):jul/set. 2006
RU
TAC
EAE
Citru
s aur
antiu
m v
ar a
mar
a L.
La
ranj
eira
am
arga
Fr
u es
, fe,
vd,
tn,
pw
fe, v
d, p
w, t
n
Ci
trus a
uran
tium
var
dul
cis L
. La
ranj
eira
doc
e Fr
u vd
, es,
vd
Citru
s med
ica
L.
Lim
ão
Fru
vd, e
s, vd
Es
Cusp
aria
ang
ostu
ra (S
pren
g.) A
. Lyo
ns
Ang
ustu
ra /
Ang
ustu
ra v
erda
deira
R
nd
Ex, f
e
Pa
rape
talif
era
betu
lina
(PJ
Berg
ius)
WY
Y
oung
/ P.
serr
atifo
lia (C
urtis
) WY
You
ng
Buc
co /
Buc
hu
Lvs
vd, f
e
Pi
loca
rpus
jabo
rand
i Hol
mes
/ P.
m
icro
phyl
lus S
tapf
ex
War
dlew
orth
*
Jabo
rand
i Lv
s tn
, fe,
vd,
pw
vd
, tn
vd
Vd
Ru
ta g
rave
olen
s L.
Arr
uda
Wpl
vd
, es
Xant
hoxy
lum
ting
oass
uiba
A. S
aint
-Hil.
* Ti
ngua
ciba
W
od
tn, f
e, v
d
S AN
TALA
CEA
E Sa
ntal
um a
lbum
L.
Sând
alo
citri
no
Wod
vd
, es
SA
PIN
DA
CEA
E Pa
ullin
ia c
upan
a K
unth
* G
uara
ná /
Uar
aná
Sed
fe, v
d, p
w
fe, v
d, p
w, t
n vd
V
d S A
POTA
CEA
E Ch
ryso
phyl
lum
gon
ocar
pum
(Mar
t.&
Eich
ler)
Eng
ler (
Agu
ai)
Mon
ésia
/ B
uran
hem
/ G
uara
nhem
/ Ca
sca
doce
W
od
tn, v
d, e
x
Pa
laqu
ium
Bla
nco
Gut
a pe
rcha
/ G
etta
nia
Juic
e ju
ice
S C
RO
FULA
RIA
CEA
E D
igita
lis la
nata
Ehr
hart
Dig
italis
lana
ta
Lvs
vd
, pw
vd
D
igita
lis p
urpu
rea
L.
Ded
alei
ra /
Dig
ital /
Erv
a de
dal /
Luv
as d
e N
. Se
nhor
as
Lvs
tn, v
d, e
x, fe
, pw
vd
, pw
vd
S IM
AR
OU
BA
CEA
E Pi
cras
ma
exce
lsa (S
w.)
Plan
ch. *
Q
uáss
ia /
Quá
ssia
da
Jam
aica
/ Q
uáss
ia d
e Su
rinam
W
od
tn, v
d, e
x, fe
Si
mar
ouba
am
ara
Aub
l.*
Sim
arub
a / M
arub
a / M
arup
á rn
d fe
, vd
vd
S MIL
AC
AC
EAE
Smila
x ja
pica
nga
Gris
eb. *
Ja
peca
nga
/ Jup
ican
ga /
Inha
peca
nga
/ Sal
sa d
o ca
mpo
R
ts
vd, f
e
Sm
ilax
papy
race
a D
uham
el, S
. syp
hilit
ica
Gris
eb. /
S. o
ffici
nalis
Kun
th /
Sm
ilax
med
ica
Schl
tdl.
& C
ham
.*
Sals
apar
rilha
/ Sa
lsap
arril
ha d
o Pa
rá /
Sals
apar
rilha
de
Min
as d
e G
erai
s / S
alsa
parri
lha
do M
éxic
o Rt
s vd
, ex,
fe, p
w
S OLA
NA
CEA
E At
ropa
bel
lado
nna
L.
Bel
adon
a Lv
s vd
, ex,
fe,
pw, t
n vd
, pw
, ex,
fe
, tn
vd
Vd
Br
unfe
lsia
hope
ana
Ben
th.*
M
anac
á / M
anac
an /
Jera
taca
/ Je
rata
caca
/ C
agam
bá /
Jasm
im d
o Pa
ragu
ai /
Man
ajá
Rts
vd
, fe,
tn
Ce
stru
m la
evig
atum
Sch
lt.
Coe
rana
Lv
s tn
, vd,
fe
Dat
ura
arbo
rea
L Tr
ombe
teira
Lv
s
vd
D
atur
a str
amon
ium
L.
Estra
môn
io /
Figu
eira
do
infe
rno
Lvs
tn, v
d, e
x, fe
, pw
vd
vd
H
yosc
yam
us n
iger
L.
Mei
men
dro
/ Mei
men
dro
negr
o Lv
s tn
, ex,
fe, p
w
vd, p
w
So
lanu
m d
ulca
mar
a L.
D
oce
amar
ga /
Dul
cam
ara
/ Uva
de
cão
/ Erv
a m
oura
de
trepa
/ V
inha
da
Índi
a w
od
vd, f
e, p
w
So
lanu
m p
anic
ulat
um L
.*
Juru
beba
/ Ju
ripeb
a / J
ubeb
a / J
uven
a / J
uúna
R
ts
tn, e
x, fe
, vd
S T
ERC
ULI
AC
EAE
Cola
niti
da (V
ent.)
Sch
ott &
End
l.
Col
a / N
oz d
e co
la /
Gur
u / O
mbe
nê /
Nan
gouê
/ N
oz d
e G
ondj
a Se
d tn
, ex,
fe, p
w
vd, f
e
St
ercu
lia v
illos
a R
oxb.
/ S.
ure
ns R
oxb.
/ S.
trag
acan
tha
Lind
l.
Gom
a ca
raia
G
um
vd
, pw
Th
eobr
oma
caca
u L.
C
acau
Se
d fe
, but
ter
vd, p
w,
butte
r
419
Maria G. Lins Brandão, Gustavo P. Cosenza, Raquel Assis Moreira, Roberto L.M. Monte-Mor
Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.16(3):jul/set. 2006
W
alth
eria
dou
radi
nha
A. S
aint
-Hil.
* D
oura
dinh
a A
eria
l par
ts
vd
S T
YR
AC
AC
EAE
Styr
ax to
nkin
ense
Cra
ig /
S. si
amen
se
Rod
orf /
S. b
enzo
ides
Cra
ib
Ben
joim
/ B
enjo
im d
e Si
am
Res
in
vd, t
n tn
TILI
AC
EAE
Tilia
cor
data
Mill
. / T
. pla
typh
yllo
s Sco
p.
Tilia
Fl
o vd
VA
LER
IAN
AC
EAE
Vale
riana
offi
cina
lis L
. V
aler
iana
Rt
s tn
, vd,
ex,
fe,
pw
fe, t
n, v
d
Vd
VER
BEN
AC
EAE
Lant
ana
cam
ara
L. *
C
amba
rá
Lvs
vd, f
e
Li
ppia
pse
udo-
thea
Sch
auer
*
Chá
de
pede
stre
/ Ch
á de
frad
e / C
apitã
o do
mat
o Lv
s, fl
o vd
, fe
Stac
hyta
rphe
ta d
icho
tom
a (R
uiz
& P
av.)
Vah
l *
Ger
vão
roxo
Lv
s vd
, fe
VIO
LAC
EAE
Anch
ieta
e sa
luta
ris A
. Sai
nt-H
il. *
C
ipó
sum
a / P
erei
guar
/ Pi
ragu
ara
/ Piri
guar
a R
ts
tn, v
d, e
x, fe
Vi
ola
odor
ata
L.
Vio
leta
/ V
iola
Fl
o vd
VIT
AC
EAE
Ciss
us a
lata
Jacq
.*
Mãe
boa
Lv
s vd
, fe
Z I
NG
IBER
AC
EAE
Alpi
nia
offic
inar
um H
ance
G
alan
ga
Rts
vd
, pw
Cu
rcum
a do
mes
tica
Val
eton
C
urcu
ma
Rts
vd, p
w, t
n
Curc
uma
zedo
aria
(Chr
istm
.) R
osco
e
Zedo
ária
R
ts
vd, p
w
Elet
taria
car
dam
omum
(L.)
Mat
on
Car
dam
omo
/ Car
dam
omo
de M
alab
ar
Sed
tn, v
d, e
s, pw
vd
, pw
Rene
alm
ia e
xalta
ta L
. f. *
Pa
cová
/ Pa
co s
eroc
a / C
uité
açú
Se
d vd
, es,
tn
Zing
iber
offi
cina
lis L
.
Gen
gibr
e Rt
s tn
, es,
vd, f
e,
es
Z YG
OPH
YLL
AC
EAE
Gua
jacu
m o
ffici
nalis
L. /
G. s
anct
um L
. G
uáia
co /
Pau
sant
o w
od
tn, v
d, e
x, fe
* Sp
ecie
s nat
ive
from
Bra
zil
es =
ess
entia
l oils
; ex
= dr
y ex
tract
; fe
= fl u
id-e
xtra
ct; fl
o =
fl ow
ers;
lvs =
leav
es; o
il = fi x
ed o
il, p
w =
pow
dere
d dr
ug; r
nd =
rind
; rts
= ro
ots;
sed
= se
ed, t
n =
tinct
ure;
vd
= v
eget
al d
rug;
wod
= w
ood;
wpl
= w
hole
pla
nt.
420
Medicinal plants and other botanical products from the Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia
Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.
16(3):jul/set. 2006
Table 2. Number of monographs for native species in each edition of Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia
Edition of Number (%) of Monographs Pharmacopoeia Native Others Total 1st edition (1926) 196 (27,5) 517 (72,5) 713 2nd edition (1959) 32(15,6) 173 (84,4) 205 3rd edition (1977) 4 (17,4) 19 (82,6 ) 23 4th edition (1996) 11 (25) 33 (75) 44
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