TOPIC: WHY IS THE REPRODUCTION OF CELLS IMPORTANT? NAME: _________________

CONCEPT 1: REPRODUCTION ENSURES THAT LIFE EXISTS BEYOND ITS PRESENT GENERATION

WITH A PARTNER, TRY TO ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BELOW: LIST SOME REASONS FOR WHY YOU THINK

THE REPRODUCTION OF CELLS IS IMPORTANT?

HOW ARE THESE THREE TERMS RELATED: REPRODUCTION, SUSTAINABILITY,

CONTINUITY?

Let’s review what the cell is from last year:

There are 2 types of cells:

● ______________________: no true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles

● ______________________: have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

● Animal and plant cells are both __________________ .

A SURVEY OF ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS

Use the diagram to try to label the various parts of the cell with their description.

Cell parts and organelles found in BOTH animal and plant cells:

A. _______ ______________: thin covering that controls the flow of

materials in and out of the cell.

B. ________________: jelly-like substance contains the organelles

(specialized cell parts).

C. ______________________: provide energy for cells.

D. _________________: manufacturing plants for proteins.

E. _______________________ ____________: membrane-covered

channels that act as a transport system for materials made in the

cell.

F. ______________: membrane-covered sacs formed by the

endoplasmic reticulum. Vesicles transport new proteins to the

_______ _______.

G. __________ _______: sorts and packages proteins for transport.

H. ___________: controls all cell activities.

I. _______________:membrane-free organelle that makes ribosomes.

J. ___________ _____________: protects the contents of the nucleus.

K. ___________ ________: openings in the nuclear membrane that

allow only certain materials to pass.

L. ____________: membrane-bound storage containers.

PLANT CELLS

Plant cells are equipped with some structures that animal cells

do _____ have.

A. ________________: trap energy from Sun to make glucose, food for

the plant.

B. ______ _______ :tough, rigid structure that surrounds cell

membrane, provides protection and structural support.

C. _________ ___________: plant cells are equipped with a large

vacuole for storing water.

CONCEPT 2: REPRODUCTION TRANFERS GENETIC INFORMATION FROM PARENTS TO OFFSPRING

Every species has its own strategies for reproduction. See the examples below:

Plants have colours and scents that attract animals that can pick up and transfer pollen to other flowers

Many animals have courtship rituals.

Bacteria reproduce on their own splitting in two.

Despite these differences, there are just two basic ways that living things reproduce:

_________________________ reproduction: offspring come from a single parent. Each offspring receives a copy of the parent’s genetic material. Offspring are genetically ______________________ to their parent and each other.

_________________________ reproduction: offspring come from two parents who each contribute half of the offspring’s genetic material. Offspring are genetically ______________________ than their parent and each other (unless they’re identical twins!).

In both asexual and sexual reproduction, the genetic material/information is passed on to offspring through a molecule called _____________.

DNA carries the master set of instructions for cell function

● instructions in the nucleus are carried in long, two-stranded molecules called

_______________________ ________ (DNA).

● DNA looks like a twisted ___________ - two strands wrap around each other in a spiral

shape.

● The sides of the DNA ladder are made of __________ and __________________.

● The steps of the ladder are made of four ________________ __________________

which are also called _____________________________________:

▪ ______________ (A),

▪ ______________ (G),

▪ _______________ (C), and

▪ ______________ (T).

The arrangement of bases in DNA directs all cell activities

● Everything that occurs within a cell is the result of how bases on the DNA molecule are

______________ (the ______ _______________).

● The bases join in a specific way:

▪ ____ always joins with ____

▪ ____ always joins with ____

● the ________ and _____________ of bases can vary greatly within the DNA molecule.

In humans, a single DNA molecule can be several _______________ base pairs in

length.

DNA in stored in chromatin

● Within each strand of chromatin is _____

molecule of DNA.

● When a cell is growing, the DNA is

___________ and helps in the manufacture

of __________ the cell requires.

● When a __________________ cell is ready

to divide, chromatin coils tightly into X-

shaped _______________________.

● When an organism reproduces, copies of its

chromosomes, and therefore its

___________ are transferred to the offspring

Watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xUrlreMaUrs