BS911 WBL in Cardiac Rehabilitation:

Guide To Good Presentations

Outline

• General tips on PowerPoint presentations

• General tips on presentation skills• Specific tips on presenting to

cardiac rehabilitation clients• Practice session

Making PowerPoint Slides

Avoiding the Pitfalls of Bad Slides

Tips to be Covered

• Outlines• Slide Structure• Fonts• Colour• Background• Graphs• Spelling and

Grammar• Conclusions• Questions

Outline

• Make your 1st or 2nd slide an outline of your presentation– Ex: previous slide

• Follow the order of your outline for the rest of the presentation

• Only place main points on the outline slide– Ex: Use the titles of each slide as main

points

Slide Structure – Good

• Use 1-2 slides per minute of your presentation

• Write in point form, not complete sentences

• Include 4-5 points per slide• Avoid wordiness: use key words

and phrases only

Slide Structure - Bad

• This page contains too many words for a presentation slide. It is not written in point form, making it difficult both for your audience to read and for you to present each point. Although there are exactly the same number of points on this slide as the previous slide, it looks much more complicated. In short, your audience will spend too much time trying to read this paragraph instead of listening to you.

The 666 rule for simplicity in design:

• No more than 6 words per bullet • 6 bullets per image • 6 word slides in a row

Slide Structure – Good

• Show one point at a time:– Will help audience concentrate on

what you are saying– Will prevent audience from reading

ahead– Will help you keep your presentation

focused

Slide Structure - Bad

• Do not use distracting animation

• Do not go overboard with the animation

• Be consistent with the animation that you use

Fonts - Good

• Use at least an 18-point font• Use different size fonts for main

points and secondary points– this font is 24-point, the main point

font is 28-point, and the title font is 36-point

• Use a standard font like Arial

Fonts - Bad

• If you use a small font, your audience won’t be able to read what you have written

• CAPITALISE ONLY WHEN NECESSARY. IT IS DIFFICULT TO READ

• Don’t use a complicated font

Colour - Good

• Use a colour of font that contrasts sharply with the background– Ex: blue font on white background

• Use colour to reinforce the logic of your structure– Ex: light blue title and dark blue text

• Use colour to emphasize a point– But only use this occasionally

Colour - Bad

• Using a font colour that does not contrast with the background colour is hard to read

• Using colour for decoration is distracting and annoying.

• Using a different colour for each point is unnecessary– Using a different colour for secondary

points is also unnecessary• Trying to be creative can also be bad

Background - Good

• Use backgrounds that are attractive but simple

• Use backgrounds which are light or dark

• Use the same background consistently throughout your presentation

Background – Bad

• Avoid backgrounds that are distracting or difficult to read from

• Always be consistent with the background that you use

Don’t Use Pictures As Backgrounds

Because now the audience is looking at the picture and not

the words!

Figures - Good

• Use graphs rather than just tables and words– Data in graphs are easier to

comprehend & retain than raw data– Trends are easier to visualize in graph

form

• Always title your graphs

Figures - Bad

January February March AprilBlue Balls 20.4 27.4 90 20.4Red Balls 30.6 38.6 34.6 31.6

January February March AprilBlue Balls 20.4 27.4 90 20.4Red Balls 30.6 38.6 34.6 31.6

Graphs - Good

Items Sold in First Quarter of 2002

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10

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100

January February March April

Blue Balls

Red Balls

Graphs - Bad

20.4

27.4

90

20.4

30.6

38.6

34.631.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

January February March April

Blue Balls

Red Balls

Graphs - Bad

• Minor gridlines are unnecessary• Font is too small• Colours are illogical• Title is missing• Shading is distracting

Talking About Graphs and Figures

• Outline the object• Introduce it• Explain axes• Explain findings• Give time for the audience to take

it in

Heart Rate Response to Public Speaking

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1st Time 2nd Time 3rd Time 4th Time

HR(bpm)

Exposures

Spelling and Grammar

• Proof your slides for:– speling mistakes– the use of of repeated words– grammatical errors you might have make

• If English is not your first language, please have someone else check your presentation!

Conclusion

• Use an effective and strong closing– Your audience is likely to remember

your last words

• Use a conclusion slide to:– Summarize the main points of your

presentation– Suggest future avenues of research or

leaning

Questions??

• End your presentation with a simple question slide to:– Invite your audience to ask questions– Provide a visual aid during question

period– Avoid ending a presentation abruptly

How to Present a Presentation

Pitfalls, and preventing ‘death by PowerPoint’

Strategic Choices: Factors affecting the Purpose of a

message

• What do you know about the topic?

• The Authority of the Listeners or Their Capacity to Act.

Factors affecting the Purpose of a message

• What does this audience have the ability or authority to do?– The Existing Attitudes of the

Listeners.

Factors affecting the Purpose of a message

• The Nature of the Presentation.– What is appropriate for this occasion?– The Time Limits of the Speech.– What’s possible within the time or

space that you have?

Create a Thesis

• An single idea or ‘take home message’– Something the audience should

remember

Level of Communication

• Who are your audience?• What do they know?• What do you need to tell them?• How will you do this?

Types of Communication

• Lecturing or talking?• Asking questions

– Getting answers

• Inviting questions– Interaction

Talk to Your Audience

• Face them• Make eye contact

– ‘Lighthousing’

• Project your voice• Don’t read

– Slides– Handouts, notes or cards

Overall Structure

• Tell them what you are going to tell them

• Tell them• Then tell them what you told them

Practise Your Presentation

Practice

• Practice does not make perfect• Perfect practice makes perfect• Practise with an audience

– Delivery– Timing– Deployment

• Drafting • Know what is coming up next

Summary

• Follow rules for generating presentation slides

• Identify goals, knowing audience • Presenting well• Good slides can = good

presentation?• Well rehearsed slides = good

presentation

Exercise: In groups of 3

• Choose a patient education topic in CR.• Create a 6-min presentation

– 4-5 slides

• Version one must contain two common pitfalls– One pitfall in design– One pitfall in delivery

• Version two must be ‘perfect’

• Describe phase Phase III and/or Phase IV cardiac rehabilitation • List the objectives of comprehensive CR programmes • Describe the history of a chosen cardiac rehabilitation programme • Discuss specific issues in setting up a programme at Phase III and/or

Phase IV relating to required documentation• Explain how cardiac rehabilitation fits into the overall provision of

health care• Describe the process of CR programme administration • Discuss issues in CR programme staffing, planning and

implementation• Identify and discuss the roles of key staff in CR. • Identify and discuss staff training needs and issues in CR.• Evaluate the provision of a given cardiac rehabilitation programme

in relation to national guidelines.• Explain ethical issues relating to CR when working within the NHS • Discuss the financial circumstances of a chosen cardiac

rehabilitation programme.• Discuss a chosen topic within the patient education part of a cardiac

rehabilitation programme with patients in a manner which they can understand.

• Explain the properties of good communication between practitioner and cardiac rehabilitation client.

• Explain the process for monitoring patient progression through all or part of their Phase III and/or Phase IV cardiac rehabilitation.

• Explain the process of reflective learning and write a reflective statement of their experience working in cardiac rehabilitation.

• Explain the process of portfolio building in work-based learning• Analyse your own learning experience during work-based learning