BUILDING OF SAVANNAH AND THE
ARRIVAL OF THE COLONISTS
SS8H2 The student will
analyze the colonial period
of Georgia’s history.
• a. Explain the importance of James Oglethorpe,
the Charter of 1732, reasons for settlement
(charity, economics, and defense), Tomochichi,
Mary Musgrove, and the city of Savannah.
• b. Evaluate the Trustee Period of Georgia’s
colonial history, emphasizing the role of the
Salzburgers, Highland Scots, malcontents, and the
Spanish threat from Florida.
• c. Explain the development of Georgia as a royal
colony with regard to land ownership, slavery,
government, and the impact of the royal
governors.
Essential Questions
1. Evaluate the Trustee Period of
Georgia’s colonial history, emphasizing
the role of the Salzburgers, Highland
Scots, malcontents, and the Spanish
threat from Florida.
2. Describe the development of Georgia
as a royal colony with regard to land
ownership, slavery, government, and
the impact of the royal governors.
WOULD YOUR COLONY HAVE SUCCEED?
Colonies 1-2 are land locked
colonies and shipping would have
been very difficult. The land might
be fertile but the length in
transporting your products would
have taken too long. You would
not have survived well.
WOULD YOUR COLONY HAVE SUCCEED?
Colonies 3-4 are also land locked but
you are closer to the Savanna river to
help with transporting products.
Colony 4 would have been better to
locate to than Colony 3 because you
are closer to the coast. Life would still
be difficult but you would have
survived. If you chose Colony 4 this is
where the Sulzberger's were located to
when they arrived in Georgia.
WOULD YOUR COLONY HAVE SUCCEED?
Colony 5 would have been the best
location. It lies between the Savannah
and Ocmulgee River. This land is very
fertile and located along the coast to
increase travel and trade. It is also
further away from Florida. You
would have succeeded. This is land
that Oglethorpe built his first city-
Savannah.
WOULD YOUR COLONY HAVE SUCCEED?
Colonies 6-7 Would have
succeed. This land also lies
between the rivers. This land is
not as safe from Spanish
invasions so I hope you have a
trained militia. Colony 7 was
given to the Highland Scots as a
means of protection.
WOULD YOUR COLONY HAVE SUCCEED?
Colonies 8-9 Would not have
succeed. You would not be able
to plant crops due to the
marshy soil and you would be
constantly fighting with Native
tribes and the Spanish.
Problems During the First
Year In first year in Georgia, the colonists had to adapt to
strange plants, heat, and new animals
Many faced scurvy, dysentery, and fever due to lack of
fresh vegetables.
There was poor sanitation in the emerging colony
The work was hard physical labor
The climate was very different than that in England
Mulberry trees, indigo, hemp, grapes did not grow well
40 settlers died in first year
THE FIRST NEW SETTLERS TO ARRIVE
1733 a group of 40 Jews
arrived and asked if they
could colonize Georgia.
Oglethorpe allow this.
Luckily Dr. Samuel Nunis
was a doctor and a sickness
that had almost killed
many of the original
settlers passed.
Oglethorpe allowed
the Jews to settle
Georgia because: 1. He needed more workers
to build Savannah.
2. He needed more men to
fight in the militia.
3. He needed a doctor to
cue the sickness that was
killing the original colonists.
SALZBURGERS
“The Georgia Salzburgers, a group of German-speaking
Protestant colonists, founded the town of Ebenezer in what
is now Effingham County.
Arriving in 1734, the group received support from King
George II of England and the Georgia Trustees.
The Salzburgers survived extreme hardships in both Europe
and Georgia and wanted to establish a prosperous and
culturally unique community. In Georgia” - New Georgia
Encyclopedia
SALZBURGERS KEY POINTS
1734 - came to Georgia after being expelled from Germany / Austria for not being Catholic
They were very religious Protestants who wanted religious freedom
Oglethorpe and the Trustees grant them access to colonize Georgia and they created the town of Ebenezer. Ebenezer was too swampy to survive. They asked Oglethorpe and the Trustees for a better location.
Relocated to the town of New Ebenezer along Savannah River – became a very religious community, also had silk mills. They created the silk that the King demand from Oglethorpe.
Trustees liked the hard working Salzburgers because they did not like slavery or alcohol which were rules the colonists had to live by and they worked very hard to supply silk for the King.
SALZBURGERS
Whatever you forget about the Salzburgers
between now and the CRCT, at least
remember this…
The Salzburgers were Protestant
Christians who were kicked out of
Catholic controlled Germany and
wanted religious freedom in Georgia.
ROLE OF THE
EARLY COLONISTS
WHO: SALZBURGERS
WHAT: GROUP OF PROTESTANT
PEOPLE FROM GERMANY.
WHEN: 1734
WHERE: BUILT THE TOWN OF NEW
EBENEZER NORTHWEST OF
SAVANNAH ALONG THE SAVANNAH
RIVER.
WHY: ESCAPED RELIGIOUS
PERSECUTION FROM CATHOLIC
CONTROLLED GERMANY.
Thank heavens for Dr. Samuel
Nunis
HIGHLAND SCOTS
“James Oglethorpe wanted to protect the Georgia
colony from possible attacks from Spanish Florida.
The men of Scotland had the reputation of being
good soldiers, and so Oglethorpe recruited a group
of about 175 Highland Scots to settle in the area
south of Savannah. The group arrived at the
Altamaha River in 1736 and established a settlement
they originally called New Inverness. Later, they
changed the name to Darien.”
HIGHLAND SCOTS KEY POINTS
Came to Georgia in 1736 from Scotland
Built the town of Darien south of Savannah along the Altamaha River
Had a reputation of hard working people who were good soldiers .They agreed to help protect the colony in exchange for the rights to settle Georgia.
They protected the Georgia colony from Spanish Florida – helped Oglethorpe push the Spanish out of Georgia in the Battle of Bloody Marsh
They began as farmers but soon realized the land was difficult to farm. Changed from farming to cattle raising and harvesting timber
Opposed slavery in the colony but resent the ban on alcohol.
Darien: Where the
Highland Scots
built a fort and
settlement to
protect the colony
from Spanish
Florida.
HIGHLAND SCOTS SUMMARY
Whatever you forget about the Highland Scots between now and the CRCT, at least remember
this…
The Highland Scots were soldiers who colonized Georgia by creating the town of Darien and helped defend the colony from
the Spanish during the Battle of Bloody Marsh.
ROLE OF THE
SALZBURGERS AND HIGHLAND SCOTS
WHO: HIGHLAND SCOTS
WHAT: GROUP OF SOLDIERS FROM
SCOTLAND WHO DEFENDED THE
COLONY FROM THE SPANISH
WHEN: 1736
WHERE: BUILT THE TOWN CALLED
DARIEN AND RAISED CATTLE AND
TIMBER
WHY: OGLETHORPE NEEDED THEIR
MILITARY HELP TO DEFEAT THE
SPANISH DURING THE BATTLE OF
BLOODY MARSH