8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
1/41
Project
-
based
Possibilities in
Mobile Learning
Environments
Sandy WagnerAssociate Professor
Defense Language Institute
CALL-IS Academic SessionApril 8, 2016
1
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
2/41
Agenda
Define mobile learning and mobilelearning environments
Show support for Project-basedLearning
Review a Case Study - or two
2
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
3/41
Disclaimer
The views, opinions, and /or findings contained in this
presentation are those of the author and should not be
construed as an official Department of the Army
position, policy, or decision, or as views of the DefenseLanguage Institute Foreign Language Center.
All material displayed within this presentation is for
educational purposes only.
The content of this presentation is the sole
responsibility of Sandy Wagner
3
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
4/41
Is it just the devices and the learning
environments?
4
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
5/41
The Devices
1973 Motorola DynaTAChttps://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2014/09/09/the-history-of-the-mobile-phone/
5
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2014/09/09/the-history-of-the-mobile-phone/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2014/09/09/the-history-of-the-mobile-phone/
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
6/41
The learning Environments
"mobility" factor
6
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
7/41
How would you define mobile orm-learning?
Think about what
Mobile Learningmeans to you. Textwords that come to
mind when you
think about learningin a mobile
environment
text meat
(831)652-1724
7
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
8/41
8
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
9/41
Early definitions
Learning methods and materials that involve the use ofmobile phones or handheld computers -Macmillan Dictionary
e-Learning through mobile computational devices: Palms,Windows.... even your digital cell phone (Quinn, 2000)
It's about the device
9
http://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/buzzword/entries/m-learning.htmlhttp://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/buzzword/entries/m-learning.html
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
10/41
Evolving and Expanding Definitions
The use of mobile devices as personal tools to help peoplelearn wherever they go, through formal training or
informal support and conversation.
Utilizing the expanded capabilities of mobile devices topromote best pedagogical practices and learning
More than devices and apps
10
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
11/41
Any type of learning thattakes place in learningenvironments and spacesthat take into account themobility of technology,mobility of learners, andmobility of learning
(El-Hussein & Cronje, 2010)
11
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
12/41
• mobile by design - available to be carried
around
• mobile by mode of delivery (wireless)• portable and easy to access
On "mobility"
Mobility of technology
"Mobile devices used to deliver higher
education content and instruction can
also function as audio-players, media-
players, and digital cameras." (El-
Hussein&Cronje, 2010)
Source: "Defining Mobile Learning in the Higher Education Landscape",http://ifets.info/journals/13_3/3.pdf 12
http://ifets.info/journals/13_3/3.pdfhttp://ifets.info/journals/13_3/3.pdfhttp://ifets.info/journals/13_3/3.pdf
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
13/41
On "mobility"
Mobility of learners• instant access to information anywhere
• models familiar and more ubiquitous modes of
communication (send a text rather than call)
• learner engagement and control
"Overall advantages provided by mobile learning are...moreflexible, accessible and personalized learning activities thatkeep the learner engaged in the ongoing learning activitiesand enhance their productivity and effectiveness." (Ting,
2005)
I suddenly
remembered I needed
to transfer monies to
my son.
(BoA app)
13
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
14/41
On "mobility"
Mobility of learning• Just in time, just enough, just for me
• Contextual and situated
• Anytime and everywhere• Learning over time - synthesis of experiences
• Supports collaboration, communication, authenticity,
autonomy, reflection, creativity, critical thinking, real-
world interactions
"Mobile learning is at the intersection of mobile computing ande-learning, providing accessible resources wherever you are,strong search capabilities, rich interaction, powerful supportfor effective learing and performance-based assessment."
(Ally, 2005)14
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
15/41
In other words, learning using mobiledevices in mobile environments that is
bendable, blendable and transcendable
15
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
16/41
Bendablesupports pedagogical and best practices
"Pedagogy, not technology, must lead."
project-basedlearning
task-basedauthentic
materials /contexts
Learner-centered/
learner voice
active/networked learning
higher-ordercritical
thinkingexperiential
situatedlearning
communicative collaboration creation curation
learningstyles /
learner skills
constructivism self-directed individualized
16
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
17/41
Blendable
"...mobile learning can work, reaching places that other
learning cannot; it is best provided as part of a blend of
learning activities; it offers a collection of pieces to be fitted to
a learning need.....can be used for learning through creativity,
collaboration, and communication." (m-Learning project,
2005)
17
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
18/41
BlendableBlended Learning Environments - face-to-face, synchronous, asynchronous (classroom
learning with learning in alternate locations)
Blended skills (integration) for languagelearning
Blended learning - formal and informalcontexts
Blended learning and leisure - "geocaching"treasure hunts to learn about geography, history,
archaeology 18
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
19/41
Blended Course for EnglishProficiency Enhancement
19
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
20/41
Transcendable
"A broader consequence of (the MOBIlearn project) was a
shift in focus from learning with handheld devices towards
support for the mobility of learning." (Kukulska-Hulme,
Sharples, et.al., 2011)
"Another outcome was to develop a theory of learning for
the mobile age that explores the system of learning
enabled by mobility of people and technology and
identifies specific aspects of mobile learning.." (Sharples,
Taylor & Vavoula, 2007) 20
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
21/41
Transcendable
Offers functions and applications to teach and learn in innovative ways(more than just an online document repository)
Expands learning to new contexts incorporating enhancedfunctionalities and opportunities for learning
Changes
focus away from the tech and towards enabled social practice
nature of knowledge and discourse
extends education outside of classroom into everyday life
personalised and ubiquitous access to learning anytime/anywhere
new language/idioms for written communications (4=for)
PDF on a
tablet
Book behind
glass
21
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
22/41
Textese / SMSish NPH ow RU?
22
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
23/41
Transcending role of
the teacher
Teacher role is as important as ever
* Guide to knowledge acquisition and tech expert and
relevant resources
* Partner in the learning process - a mindset of "useful
ignorance", exploring and learning alongside learners
(http://edutalkstory.blogspot.com
* Be flexible, supportive and engaged
It's a very ancient saying,But a true and honest thought,That if you become a teacher,
By your pupils you'll be taught("Getting to Know You", The King and I)
23
http://edutalkstory.blogspot.com/http://edutalkstory.blogspot.com/
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
24/41
Support forPBL
24
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
25/41
25
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
26/41
"Technology is not here to make us lazy or to
avoid basic communication skills, but it is here
to make us think critically, solve problems,
collaborate, communicate, create, and ideate."
The Invisible iPad: It's Not About the Device
(Cohen, 2014)
Role of Technology (Mobile)
26
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
27/41
Some End Products
27
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
28/41
USA in My PocketNational Institute for Literacy Initiative, Equipped for
the Future Project-Based Activities,2002-2003)
Definition of PBL
A collaborative approach toteaching in which learners areplaced in situations where theyuse authentic language toaccomplish whatever is needed to
complete the project objectives
Best projects have a meaningoutside the classroom
28
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
29/41
Mobile support for meeting goals of PBL
Project-based Learning Mobile Support
I dentify a project, problem or
topic to researchbrainstorm, research, discuss
Create an end product as asolution presentation, infographic,publication, video, quest, app
Significant Contentauthentic materials, RSS feeds,
mult iple resources of information
Collaborationdocument sharing, discussion
boards
Crit ical Thinking Bloom's taxonomy of apps
ReflectionDiscussions, blogs (writing or
speaking source)29
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
30/41
Identify Problem, Product or TopicLearners share ideas with each other through open-
ended conversation or discussion
Brainstorm
Communicate/Collaborate
30
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
31/41
How do we come up with the idea?
31
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
32/41
Create / Publish an end product
Presentation
Infographic
Video
Publication
32
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
33/41
How do we create an end product?
33
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
34/41
Significant and Authentic ContentLearners decide what information is needed and search
and discover accordingly
QR CodeScanner
RSS Feeds
Search/Curate/Organize Content
AuthenticContent
34
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
35/41
How do we get content for the book?
35
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
36/41
21st Century Skills - Critical Thinking
Source: http://www.educatorstechnology.com/2014/05/new-handy-chart-on-ipad-blooms-taxonomy.html36
http://www.educatorstechnology.com/2014/05/new-handy-chart-on-ipad-blooms-taxonomy.htmlhttp://www.educatorstechnology.com/2014/05/new-handy-chart-on-ipad-blooms-taxonomy.html
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
37/41
Publish the end product
View
37
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
38/41
Important to Remember
Pedagogy, not technology, must lead
Apply mobile appropriately - get the most out of what the
technology has to offer to provide purposeful learning
Overcome obstacles
* teacher buy in, training, and the development of deviceawareness
* student frustration using mobile for learning* limited bandwidth and unreliable electricity and firewalls* using new tech to teach in the same old ways* match use to effective pedagogical practice* fossilized in e-learning practices - Internet Yahoo vs. App
Pedagogy
38
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
39/41
Bend
Blend
Transcend
39
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
40/41
Sandy Wagner
Associate ProfessorDefense Language [email protected]
40
R f
8/17/2019 CALL-IS Academic Session Presentation 2016 Sandy Wagner.pdf
41/41
ReferencesEdutalkstory (Smith, 2014). http://edutalkstory.blogspot.com
Mobile Learning in the PBL Classroom (Miller, 2013).
http://www.edutopia.org/blog/mobile-learning-in-pbl-classroom-andrew-miller
Essential Elements of Project-based Learning,http://bie.org/object/document/pbl_essential_elements_checklist
Innovation in Mobile Learning: a European Perpsective (Kukulska-Hulme, Sharples et.al.,2008). http://oro.open.ac.uk/12711/1/ijmbl_pre-print_19_dec_2008.pdf
Defining Mobile Learning in the Higher Education Landscape (El-Hussein & Cronje,2010). http://www.ifets.info/journals/13_3/3.pdf
Learning Using Mobile and Handheld Devices (Sharples & Kukuluska-Hulme).http://wiki.alt.ac.uk/index.php/Learning_using_mobile_and_handheld_devices
3 Ways Mobile Technology Boosts Instruction (Lynch, 2015).
http://www.theedadvocate.org/3-ways-mobile-technology-boosts-instruction/
Landscape Study in Wireless and Mobile Learning in the post-16 Sector (Kukulska-Hulme, Evans et.al., 2005). http://oro.open.ac.uk/43927/
The Invisible iPad: It's Not About the Device (Cohen, 2014).http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2014/05/07/the-invisible-ipad-its-not-about-the-device/
41
http://edutalkstory.blogspot.com/http://www.edutopia.org/blog/mobile-learning-in-pbl-classroom-andrew-millerhttp://www.edutopia.org/blog/mobile-learning-in-pbl-classroom-andrew-millerhttp://bie.org/object/document/pbl_essential_elements_checklisthttp://oro.open.ac.uk/12711/1/ijmbl_pre-print_19_dec_2008.pdfhttp://oro.open.ac.uk/12711/1/ijmbl_pre-print_19_dec_2008.pdfhttp://www.ifets.info/journals/13_3/3.pdfhttp://wiki.alt.ac.uk/index.php/Learning_using_mobile_and_handheld_deviceshttp://www.theedadvocate.org/3-ways-mobile-technology-boosts-instruction/http://www.theedadvocate.org/3-ways-mobile-technology-boosts-instruction/http://oro.open.ac.uk/43927/http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2014/05/07/the-invisible-ipad-its-not-about-the-device/http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2014/05/07/the-invisible-ipad-its-not-about-the-device/http://www.floridaliteracy.org/pdf-docs/Disc13.pdfhttp://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2014/05/07/the-invisible-ipad-its-not-about-the-device/http://oro.open.ac.uk/43927/http://www.theedadvocate.org/3-ways-mobile-technology-boosts-instruction/http://wiki.alt.ac.uk/index.php/Learning_using_mobile_and_handheld_deviceshttp://www.ifets.info/journals/13_3/3.pdfhttp://oro.open.ac.uk/12711/1/ijmbl_pre-print_19_dec_2008.pdfhttp://bie.org/object/document/pbl_essential_elements_checklisthttp://www.edutopia.org/blog/mobile-learning-in-pbl-classroom-andrew-millerhttp://edutalkstory.blogspot.com/