Cartographic Representation and 3D Modeling of Hopi Archaeological Sites
Brittany Miller
University of Redlands
MSGIS
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Background Solution Design Implementation Conclusion
Introduction
• Client: Dr. Wesley Bernardinio professor of anthropology and sociology at University of Redlands
o Archaeologist on Hopi Reservation
• Collected site survey data using GPS and saved as shapefiles
• Approximately 250 archaeological sites – 48 main sites
“Standardize and beautify existing 2D and 3D maps.” – Wesley Bernardini
Background Solution Design Implementation Conclusion
Historical hand‐drawn archaeology map
• Historical hand‐drawn maps used stippling (dot pattern) to produce stone and inferred walls
• Few have considered the need of a cartographic standard for archaeology
• Client Needed:o 2D map serieso 3D models of major siteso Transfer shapefiles to a geodatabase
Previous Works
Background Solution Design Implementation Conclusion
http://www.fire.ca.gov/resource_mgt/archaeology/images/fig1.jpg
Cal Fire Archaeology Keir Keightly, Ph.D Caves Font
http://proceedings.esri.com/library/userconf/proc15/papers/990_159.pdf
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GIS Solution
Shapefiles Geodatabase
Custom symbol set
2D digital map series
3D models of major sites
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Background Solution Design Implementation Conclusion
Geodatabase Workflow
1. Input data: 22GB of spatial and non‐spatial data. Spatial data as shapefiles and rasters.
3. Create 48 feature datasets of each archaeological site with approximately 480 feature classes.
4. Input data had inconsistent projections. Standardized projection using NAD83 UTM Zone 12
2. Separate spatial data and migrate to geodatabase.
6. Wrote script to add and populate three fields to all feature classes: Site Name, NA#, and Source ID.
5. Input data had inconsistent naming schema. Renamed data with standardized naming schema. 7. Future Work: based
on the three new fields, similar feature classes can be merged together once attribute schema is consistent.
Background Solution Design Implementation Conclusion
Custom Symbol Set
• 21 archaeological features• Point symbols designed in Inkscape 0.91
• Line and polygon symbols designed in ArcMap 10.3 Symbol Properties Editor
• Saved as a .style format and uploaded through Styles Manager
• Conducted survey to test intuitiveness of custom symbols to the original symbols
Background Solution Design Implementation Conclusion
Map Series
Background Solution Design Implementation Conclusion
3D Models Preliminary results
Background Solution Design Implementation Conclusion
3D Models Preliminary results
Background Solution Design Implementation Conclusion
Summary
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Project aimed to improve archaeological efforts on the Hopi Reservation by:1. Establishing a cartographic standard that can be reproduced for 2D maps and 3D models2. Creating a geodatabase with a standard projection to increase the functionality and integrity of data.
Thank you!Brittany Miller
University of [email protected]
Coyote Buttes ‐ Image from http://forums.popphoto.com/showthread.php?623063‐North‐Coyote‐Buttes‐and‐Lower‐Antelope‐Canyon