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AAS1, Lecture 0 1
Introduction
A.Asad SoniefScientific Computing Group
Department of Engineering
University of Brawijaya
Engineering Analysis
Simulation-modeling
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What is Engineering Analysis?
It is a vital TOOL for practicing
engineering professionals in performing
their duties in: Decision making
Problem solving
Creations
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Engineers create:
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Scientists DISCOVER what it was,Engineers CREATE what it is not
Engineers create what it is not in
DESIGN to satisfy human needs:
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Engineers make DECISIONS at all times, and
often crucial ones: Decisions are required in:
Design Configurations
Selection of design methodology, materials and fabrication
methods Assembly, packaging and shipping
Manufacturing Tools and machine tools
Fabrication processes
Quality control and assurance Maintenance Routine inspections and
Procedures
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Unexpected cases with potential grave
consequences
Change of customer requirements Malfunctioning of machines and equipment
Defections in products
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Engineers solve Problems often in ways
like fire-fighting:
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Simulation
What is numerical simulation?
Is it important?
Application examples
Simulation software
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What is Simulation?
Processes (natural, man-made, abstract/virtual)
Physical insight
Mathematical models (based on PDEs)
Numerical methods
Software implementation
Computer experiments
Interpretation of results (large amounts of numbers)
We define simulation as the process of exploring (mathematical)
models of natural or man-made processes by the means of a
computer.
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Development of theory
modeling experiment
simulation
Traditional development of models of a physical phenomenonModern development of models for a physical phenomenon
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The Simulation Pipeline
Prediction & Control
Refinement
Computations
Results
DATASET UNSTRUCTURED_GRID
POINTS 201 float
2.77828 2.18262 -0.25
0.476 2.4 -0.85 0.85 2.4
-0.476 -0.476 2.4 -0.85
-0.85 2.4 -0.476 -0.85
2.4 0.476 -0.476 2.4 0.85
0.476 2.4 0.85 0.85
2.4 0.476 2.55 0.8625 0.66
CELLS 458 2290
4 41 29 65 80
4 53 41 65 82
4 35 34 47 71
Processes
Mathematical Model
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The Real World in a Computer Test Tube?
Small cost compared with field experiments
Field experiments may be too dangerous Field experiments may be impossible
Provide better understanding of the processes
Provide tools for process prediction and control
...
Why should we make computer simulations?
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Simulation is reaching wide
Applications in: All engineering disciplines
Physics (astro, geo, nuclear,..)
Biology and medicine
Ecosystems and environment
Meteorlogy, oceanography,,
Financial and assurance market
. Always stretching the limits of what is computationally
feasible.
Observation: mathematics is a vital ingredient.
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Electrical Heart Activity
Simulation of the electrical activity in
the human heart based on a model
coupling several PDEs and ODEs.
The visualised electrical potential
represents a period of 250 ms. This
problem is extremely demanding in
terms of computational resources and
requires advanced solution methods
and fast hardware.
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Have you quit smoking?
Results from 3-D lungairflow modeling,
depicting flow velocity at
selected cross-sections
in a single bifurcation.
Computational fluid
dynamics (CFD)
techniques used in the
design of cars, airplanes
and aerospace vehicles
have been converted touse in the complex
branching geometry of the
lung's small airways.
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Aerospace and Automotive Industries
Car crash simulations
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Mathematic modeling
Mathematical modeling involves:
Translating a physical situation into
mathematical expressions It is a similar action of writing MUSIC from the
melodies in the minds of great composers,
e.g., Beethoven, Mozart, etc.
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Engineers duties include:
CREATION,
DECISION MAKING, and
PROBLEM SOLVING
Performing each of these duties involves a
process in reaching solutions The subjects in these processes are
translated into FUNCTIONS, and the
factors that affecting the values of these
subjects are VARIABLES.
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VARIABLES include:
Spatial variables: represented by
coordinate systems with set
reference points. Commonly used coordinate
systems are: (x, y, z) in rectangular coordinates, or
(r, , z) in cylindrical polar coordinates
Temporal variable: time (t) x,y,z and t are INDEPENDENT variables
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The process for solutions is to include the
FUNCTIONS with VARIABLE in
APPROPRIATE MATH MODELS, and reachmath solutions
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Frequent Functions in ME Engineering Analyses
Mass (m), weight (W), Length (L), Area (A),
Volume (V) of solids Forces (F)
Stress (), Strain () in deformed solids
Distance traveled by a moving rigid body (S) Temperature in solids and fluids (T)
Velocity of a rigid body or fluid (V)
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Properties of Functions
Functions may change their values with the
change of independent variables (spatial
and temporal) - So, functions are dependent
variables The value of a function is a CONSTANT-
depending on the values of the associated
independent variables.
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Reference
Tai-Ran Hsu, 2013-ed, Applied
Engineering Analysis, San Jose State
University Department of Mechanical andAerospace Engineering.
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