Chapter 1: Science in Action
What is Science?• Science -
____________________________________________
• Science is about asking _______________ and finding ______________.
• ____________ can be a scientist.
What do we do to find answers to our questions?
• Scientist (we) use the _________________ to test their questions about science.
• Scientific Method - _____________________________________
• Often a scientific investigation is sparked by an _______________.
5 Steps to the Scientific Method
• 1) __O_________________• 2) __H_________________• 3) __E_________________• 4) __C_________________• 5) __C_________________
1) Observe
• Observe (question) - ________________________________
________________________________
2) Hypothesis
• Hypothesis - __________________________________________________________
3) Experiment
• Experiment - _____________________________________
4) Collect Data
• Collecting Data - _____________________________________
5) Conclusion
• Draw a conclusion - _____________________________________
• A conclusion tells if the hypothesis was ________________ or _______________.
Check List• 1) Science is the study of all ___________ and
_____________ things.• 2) Who can be a scientist? _____________• 3) How many steps are there to the scientific
method?• 4) List those steps (OHECC).• 5) What is a hypothesis?• 6) Tell if each is living or non-living:– Tree, Light, Person, Brick, Fish, Nail, Bacteria,
Paper
Now get in your groups
• Testable Question: Does temperature affect your speed in the 40 yard dash?
• Hypothesis: Temperature does affect your speed in the 40 yard dash.
• Conclusion: As temperature increases you usually get faster, unless it gets too hot. But as temperature decreases you get slower and are more likely to pull a muscle.
Section 2
Designing an Experiment
• When you design an experiment you must decide what steps you will follow.
• A ______________ - is a step-by-step plan for an experiment.
DO NOT COPY• A science student (Tom) wants to find out if a
fertilizer affects the growth of a tree?• What is your hypothesis? (Well written)• How do you come to this conclusion?• How should Tom set up this experiment?• DRAW
Lets look at Tom’s Experiment
• Variable - ____________________________________________– What are some variables in
Tom’s experiment?• ____________• ____________• ____________
2 Types of Variables• Independent Variable -
__________________________________________________________________________
• Ex:
• Dependent Variable - __________________________________________________________________________
• Ex:
2 Groups in Every Experiment
• Control Group - _____________________________________
• Ex:
• Experimental Group - _____________________________________
• Ex:
What is the variable that is altered in this experiment ?
Variable Control Group Experimental Group
Number of Eggs 4 4
Temperature 29 degrees 36 degrees
Humidity 70 % 70%
Lighting Low light Low light
• Constant - ________________________________
What is a trial?
• Trial - _____________________________________
Bell Ringer • 1. ____________ - is the variable that is ALWAYS changed
first in an experiment.• 2. _____________ - are things that remain the same in an
experiment such as temp, sunlight, water, etc.• 3. A ____________ group is the group that is not altered
in an experiment, whereas a ________________ group is the group that is altered or experimented on.
• 4. A ________ is how many times you do your experiment.
• 5. Use the tree and fertilizer experiment and label:– Constants (3 examples) - – Independent variable - – Dependent variable - – Control Group - – Experimental Group -
Section 3
Designing a Prototype • 1) ____________________• 2) ____________________• 3) ____________________• Prototype –
_________________________________
DO NOT COPY
• What is Performance Testing?
• What are risks?
• What are benefits?
• What is technology?
Organizing Data• Bar Graph -
_____________________
• Line Graph - ____________________
• Circle Graph (Pie) - _______________
• Data Table - _____________________
Graphing Independent and Dependent Variables
• Lets go over an example:
• Therefore:• X-axis is the ________________ variable.• Y-axis is the ________________ variable.
Check List
• 1) What are the 5 steps to the Scientific Method? • 2) What are 4 ways (charts/graphs) that we organize data?• 3) A ________ is a step-by-step process for carrying out an
experiment.• 4) An experiment is done with 2 lab rats to see if adding Mt. Dew
to one of the rats liquid supply affected its hyperness. The experiment was done in the same lab environment. Label Each: – I.V.– D.V.– 2 Constants– Control Group– Experimental Group
• 5) What variable goes on the x-axis? • 6) What variable goes on the y-axis? • 7) If something goes wrong (or there is a flaw in your design) you
simply make a new _________________, which is the first working model.
• 8) Give 3 examples of technology.
Lab Report Format• Title:
• Introduction:
• Materials:
• Procedure:
• Data:
• Conclusion:
Title
• Keys to a good title:– Always on top of page– In center– Creative Title
Introduction