Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Academic Vocabulary
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
City-state
(ciudad-estado)
A city and the land surrounding it
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Military
(fuerzas armadas)
A fighting group, usually the army or navy
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Cuneiform
(cuneiforme)
Sumerian writing, wedged-shaped placed on clay tablets
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Monarch
(monarca)
A ruler with the title of king or queen
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Reign
(reinar)
The time period over which a monarch ruled
September 5, 1638 – September 1, 1715
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Fertile Crescent
(media lund fertil)
The area that included the eastern region along the Mediterranean Sea and arches down through Mesopotamia to the Persian Gulf.
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Mesopotamia
(Mesopotamia)
The around between and around the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Hammurabi
(Hammurabi)
The Babylonian king who built an empire and created the first written (codified) legal system, the Code of Hammurabi.
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Codified
(codificada)
To write down in an organized manner.
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Terraced
(terrazas)
To take land on
a hillside an cut
“steps” into it to
create flat areas
to plant crops.
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Bible(la Biblia)At first, there was only the Old Testament that told the story of early Hebrew history. The New Testament was added that included the life of Jesus. It is the sacred book of all Christian religions.
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Commandments
(mandamientos)
A moral or ethical system that tell you right from wrong. The 10 Commandments are the “laws” followed by Christians and Jews
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Judaism
(Judaismo)
A monotheistic religion.
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Monotheism
(monoteismo)
The belief in one god. Christian religions, Judaism, and Islam are monotheisitc.
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Polytheism
(politeismo)
The belief in many gods. Hinduism, Shinto, Buddhism, and Animism are considered to be polytheistic religions.
Chapter 2 & 3Early Civilizations
Covenant
(pacto)
An agreement between two parties. God made and agreement between himself and the Hebrew people through Moses.