CHAPTER 3
ANCIENT EGYPT
• Farming 5000 B.C.E. –River valley–Nile
•Civilization 3200 B.C.E.
Ancient Egypt
GOVT.
–Govt. Pharaoh, between gods-men• Protect people
Bureaucracy Regional governors
–Hieroglyphic alphabet Pictograms, phonetic Papyrus Restricted Hymns, prayers, poetry
EDUCATION
PABLO NERUDA
• Love Sonnet XI
I crave your mouth, your voice, your hair.Silent and starving, I prowl through the streets.Bread does not nourish me, dawn disrupts me, all day I hunt for the liquid measure of your steps.
EGYPT
SOCIETY
• Stratified– Most poor– Few elites
• Entertainment?– Beer (hekt): 17 types (“the heavenly,” “the
beautiful”)– $$$
• Women– More rights (legal)
ECONOMY
• Pharaoh and state• Monopolies
– Land, trade
RELIGION
• Central role• Flood cycles, illness• Sacrifices• Osiris (invented beer)
BUILDERS
• Pyramids• 80, Old Kingdom• Wealth and grandeur
KINGDOMS
• Kush–Southern Nile, Egyptian border– Independent, 1000 B.C.E.
KUSH
• Kush–Height: 250 B.C.E. to 50 C.E.
center of iron working
KUSH
The Eastern Mediterranean,c. 1100 B.C.E.
The Spread of Civilization in Africa
• Bantu Dispersal– Agriculture and iron– Nigeria– Spread by 1200 C.E.
The Spread of Civilization in Africa
• The Bantu Dispersal– Contact with other groups
Bantu Migrations