City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Chapter 3
Hazardous Materials Identification
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City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• 7 clues to the presence of hazardous materials– In addition to verbal reports– Order of identification
• The ones most easily identified from a distance
– Order of risk• The least amount of risk to the most amount of
risk to the responder
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• 7 clues to the presence of hazardous materials– 1. Occupancy types, locations, and pre-incident
surveys– 2. Container shapes– 3. Transportation placards, labels, and markings– 4. Other markings and colors (nontransportation) – 5. Written resources– 6. Senses– 7. Monitoring devices and detection devices
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 1– Occupancy types, locations, and pre-incident
surveys• Local emergency response plans
– Required by federal law to be completed and reviewed annually by the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC)
– Increases decision making accuracy» Product identificiton
– Increases decision making time» Response route» Resources needed
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 1– Occupancy types, locations, and pre-incident
surveys• Occupancy Types
– High probable locations for finding signification quantities of hazardous materials
» Fuel storage facilities » Paint supply stores» Photo processing laboratories » Feed / Farm stores» Print shops» Warehouses
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 1– Occupancy types, locations, and pre-incident
surveys• Incident Locations
– Roadways – Railways– Waterways– Airways– Pipelines
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Bulk / nonbulk packaging – Bulk
» Materials loaded with no intermediate form of containment
• Cargo tank, railcar, portable tank» Maximum capacity > 119 gallons» Maximum net mass > 882 pounds
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Bulk / nonbulk packaging – Non-Bulk
» Smaller than the minimum criteria established for bulk packaging
• Drums• Boxes• Bags
» May have a form of intermediate containment
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Bulk-capacity fixed-facility containers– Buildings– Aboveground storage tanks– Machinery– Underground storage tanks– Pipelines– Reactors– Upon piles or bins
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Aboveground storage tanks– 1. Atmospheric / Nonpressure
» <0.5 psi– 2. Pressure tanks
» Low pressure• 0.5 – 15 psi
» Pressure vessels• >15 psi
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Atmospheric / Nonpressure– Horizontal Tank
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Atmospheric / Nonpressure– Cone Roof Tank
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Atmospheric / Nonpressure– Open Top Floating Roof Tank
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Atmospheric / Nonpressure– Covered Top Floating Roof Tank
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Atmospheric / Nonpressure– Atmospheric Underground Storage Tank
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Pressure Storage Tanks (Low Pressure)– Dome Roof Tank
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Pressure Storage Tanks (Low Pressure)– Spheroid Tank
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Pressure Storage Tanks (High Pressure)– Horizontal Pressure Vessel
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Pressure Storage Tanks (High Pressure)– Spherical Pressure Vessel
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Pressure Storage Tanks (High Pressure)– Cryogenic – Liquid Storage Tank
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Rail Tank Cars– Carry capacities in excess of 30,000 gallons– Tank cars carry the bulk of the hazardous materials
transported by rail» Nonpressure tanks cars» Pressure tank cars» Cryogenic liquid tank cars» Hopper cars» Boxcars» Special service cars
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Rail Tank Cars– Nonpressure tank car
» Also known as “general service” or “low-pressure”» Vapor pressure <25 psi» Contain 4,000-45,000 gallons
• May be compartmentalized with up to 6 compartments
» Cylindrical with rounded ends (heads)• They have at least one manway access
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Rail Tank Cars– Nonpressure tank car without expansion dome
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Rail Tank Cars– Pressure tank car
» Pressures >25 psi» Contain 4,000-45,000 gallons
• Noncompartmentalized » Cylindrical with rounded ends (heads)» Typically top loading cars
• Valves located inside the protective housing• Used to distinguish between pressure and nonpressure tank cars
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Rail Tank Cars– Pressure tank car
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Rail Tank Cars– Cryogenic liquid tank car
» Low pressure• <25 psi
» Argon» Hydrogen» Nitrogen » Liquid oxygen (NOX)» Liquefied natural gas (LNG)
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Rail Tank Cars– Cryogenic liquid tank car
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Rail Tank Cars– Other railroad cars
» Pneumatically Unloaded Hopper Car
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Rail Tank Cars– Other railroad cars
» High Pressure Tube Car
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Cargo Tank Trucks – Most must meet governmental tank-safety
specifications » MC or DOT/TC followed by a three-digit number
• Ie – MC 306• Ie – DOT/TC 406
– Nonspec tanks» Tank must be designed for a specific purpose
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Cargo Tank Trucks – Nonpressure liquid tank
» Vapor pressure <3 psi» MC 306 or DOT/TC 406
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Cargo Tank Trucks – Low-pressure chemical tank
» Vapor pressure <40 psi» MC 307 or DOT/TC 407
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Cargo Tank Trucks – Corrosive liquid tank
» Vapor pressure <75 psi» MC 312
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Container shapes
• Cargo Tank Trucks – Dry bulk cargo tank
» Vapor pressure < 22 psi
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings
• UN Recommendations– Adopted by U.S., Canada, Mexico
» Hazard classes» Commodity identification numbers» Placards» Labels» Markings
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings
• Hazard Classes– Class 1: Explosives– Class 2: Gases– Class 3: Flammable liquids– Class 4: Flammable solids – Class 5: Oxidizing substances– Class 6: Toxic and infectious substances– Class 7: Radioactive materials– Class 8: Corrosive substances – Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous substances
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings
• UN Commodity Identification Numbers– Four-digit number that is used in conjunction with
illustrated placards
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings
• DOT Placards– Diamond-shaped, colored coded sign– Used to identify the materials in transportation
containers
Background Color
Hazard Symbol
Diamond shaped
Hazard Class Number
4-Digit ID Number or Hazard Class Designation
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings
• DOT Placards– Color coding
Explosive Oxidizer Flammable
Health Hazard Water Reactive Nonflammable Gas
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings
• DOT Symbols
Explosive Oxidizer Radioactive
Poison Corrosive Nonflammable Gas
Flammable
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings
• DOT Labels– Provide same information as vehicle placards– Found on packages– 3.9 inch square-on-point diamonds
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings
• DOT Markings– By the DOT definition
» A descriptive name» A weight» A specification
– Includes» Instructions» Cautions» UN marks
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 2– Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings
• DOT Markings
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 4– Other Markings and Colors
• NFPA 704 System– Found on fixed facilities
» Doesn’t tell you exactly what the chemical or chemicals are
• 0-4 rating
4
4 4
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 4– Other Markings and Colors
• NFPA 704 System
Health– 4 — Severe hazard– 3 — Serious hazard– 2 — Moderate hazard– 1 — Slight hazard– 0 — Minimal hazard
Flammability– 4 — Flammable gases, volatile liquids, pyrophoric materials– 3 — Ignites at ambient temperatures– 2 — Ignites when moderately heated– 1 — Must be preheated to burn– 0 — Will not burn
4
4 4
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 4– Other Markings and Colors
• NFPA 704 System
4
4 4
Instability– 4 — Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition at ambient conditions– 3 — Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition with strong initiating source– 2 — Violent chemical change possible at elevated temperature and pressure– 1 — Normally stable, but becomes unstable if heated– 0 — Normally stable
Special hazardsLocated at 6 o’clockHave no special background although white is most often usedMay contain one of two special symbols
W — Unusual reactivity with waterOX — Oxidizer
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 4– Other Markings and Colors
• Manufacturers’ Labels and Signal Words– Caution
» Product may have minor health effects– Warning
» Product had moderate hazards– Danger
» Highest degree of hazard– Poison
» Highly toxic materials » Must have “danger” label
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 4– Other Markings and Colors
• Military Markings– Division 1: Mass Explosion
» Equivalent to DOT/UN Class 1.1
– Division 2: Explosion with Fragment Hazard» Equivalent to DOT/UN Class 1.2
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 4– Other Markings and Colors
• Military Markings– Division 3: Mass Fire
» Equivalent to DOT/UN 1.3
– Division 4: Moderate Fire – No Blast» Equivalent to DOT/UN 1.4
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 4– Other Markings and Colors
• Military Markings– Chemical Hazards
» Wear full protective clothing• “Red you’re Dead”
• Highly toxic chemicals• May cause death or serious damage
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 4– Other Markings and Colors
• Military Markings– Chemical Hazards
» Wear full protective clothing• “Yellow you’re Mellow”
• Presence of harassing agents • Riot control agents and smokes
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 4– Other Markings and Colors
• Military Markings– Chemical Hazards
» Wear full protective clothing• “White is Bright”
• Presence of white phosphorus • Other spontaneously combustibles
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 4– Other Markings and Colors
• Military Markings– Chemical Hazards
» Wear breathing apparatus • Intense heat hazard
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 4– Other Markings and Colors
• Military Markings– Chemical Hazards
» Apply no water • Dangerous reaction with water
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 4– Other Markings and Colors
• Military Markings– Chemical Hazards (Supplemental)
» G-Type nerve agents
» VX nerve agents
» Incapacitating nerve agents
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 4– Other Markings and Colors
• Military Markings– Chemical Hazards (Supplemental)
» H-type mustard agent» Blister agent
» Lewisite blister agent
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 5– Written Resources
• Shipping Papers– Must accompany the shipment of hazardous materials– Indicates origin, destination, route and product
» Bill of Lading• Used by the trucking industry
» Waybill• Used by the railroad industry
» Air Bill• Used by the air industry
» Dangerous Cargo Manifest• Used by water shipping industry
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 5– Written Resources
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)– Detailed information bulletin– Prepared by the manufacturer
» Chemical identity» Manufacturer’s information» Hazardous ingredients » Physical and chemical characteristics » Fire and explosion data » Reactivity data» Health hazard» Precautions » Control measures
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 5– Written Resources
• Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)– Primarily a guide to aid first responders in quickly
identifying the specific or generic hazards » Yellow Pages
• ID Number Index
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 5– Written Resources
• Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)– Primarily a guide to aid first responders in quickly
identifying the specific or generic hazards » Blue Pages
• Material Name Index
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 5– Written Resources
• Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)– Primarily a guide to aid first responders in quickly
identifying the specific or generic hazards » Orange Pages
• Initial Action Guides
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 5– Written Resources
• Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)– Primarily a guide to aid first responders in quickly
identifying the specific or generic hazards » Green Pages
• Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 5– Written Resources
• Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)– Small spill
» Involves a single small package» <53 gallons
– Large spill» Involves a spill from a large package» >53 gallons» Spill involving several small packages
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 5– Written Resources
• Inventory Records and Facility Documents– Shipping and receiving documents– Inventory records– Risk management and hazardous communication plans– Chemical inventory reports
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 6– Senses
• Vision is definitely the safest of the five senses – Use binoculars from a safe distance
» Container deterioration» Containers bulging» Sick humans» Dead or dying birds, animals, insects or fish» Discoloration of valves or piping
• Statements from victims or witnesses– Smells– Tastes
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 7– Monitoring and Detection Devices
• Combustible Gas Indicator– Detects the concentration of combustible gases and
vapors in the air
• Two-, Three-, and Four-Gas Monitors– Combustible gases– Oxygen concentrations– Carbon monoxide levels– Hydrogen sulfide levels
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 7– Monitoring and Detection Devices
• Other Monitoring / Detection Devices– Photoionization detectors (PID)
» Used to detect the concentrations of many organic and some inorganic gases and vapors at the same time
– Specific chemical detectors» Devices used to sound an alarm when the
presence of a specific chemical is detected • Carbon monoxide detector • Chlorine detector• Hydrogen cyanide detector
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous MaterialsIdentification
• Clue 7– Monitoring and Detection Devices
• Other Monitoring / Detection Devices– Indicator papers and Ph meters
» Used to measure specific hazards– Detector tubes
» Detect a variety of gas vapors – Radiation monitors
» Detects alpha, beta, gamma radiation– Personal dosimeters
» Worn as badges
City of P igeon Forge F i re DepartmentD i v i s i o n o f Tr a i n i n g a n d C o n ti n u i n g E d u c a ti o n
Hazardous Materials Identification
Works Cited“Hazardous Materials for First Responders” International Fire Service Training Association
3rd Edition 2004 Print