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Chapter 36 Assessment and management of people with diabetes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

On completion of this chapter, the learner should be able to:

1 Differentiate between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

2 Describe the basic pathophysiology of diabetes.

3 Relate the clinical manifestations of diabetes to the associated pathophysiological changes.

4 Identify the diagnostic and clinical significance of blood glucose tests.

5 Explain the dietary principles that apply to diabetes management.

6 Describe the relationship between diet, exercise and medication (i.e. insulin or other glucose-lowering

medicines).

7 Develop an education plan for insulin self-management.

8 Identify the role of oral antidiabetic agents in therapy for patients with diabetes.

9 Use the nursing process as a framework for care of the patient who has hyperglycaemia with diabetic

ketoacidosis or hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar syndrome.

10 Describe a management plan for a person with diabetes to use during ‘sick days’.

11 Describe the major diabetes-related macrovascular, microvascular and neuropathic complications and the

self-care behaviours important to preventing or reducing the risk of these complications. 12 Identify the programs and community support groups available for people with diabetes..