Chapter 7BChapter 7BSurvey of PC and Network Operating Systems
PC Operating SystemsPC Operating SystemsMicrosoft Windows is the most
popular◦Installed more than other OS combined;◦ Gradually loosing
its ◦ market share to ◦ other OS,◦ especially to
Apple◦ and Android
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PC Operating SystemsPC Operating Systems
PC Operating SystemsPC Operating SystemsDOS
◦Disk Operating System◦Single user single-tasking OS◦Command line interface◦16-bit OS◦Powerful◦Fast◦Supports legacy applications
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DOS ApplicationDOS Application
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PC Operating SystemsPC Operating SystemsWindows NT
◦Designed for a powerful system◦32-bit OS◦Very stable◦Windows NT Workstation
Single user multi tasking OS
◦Windows NT Server Multi user multi tasking OS Network operating system
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PC Operating SystemsPC Operating Systems
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Windows 9x◦95, 98, and Millennium Edition (Me)◦32-bit OS
Supported 16-bit programs well
◦Very stable OS◦Still found in large corporations◦95 introduced the Start button◦98 introduced active desktop◦Me improved multimedia software
PC Operating SystemsPC Operating SystemsWindows 2000
◦Look of 9x with NT stability◦Optimized for office and developers◦Application software ran very well◦Entertainment software ran very
poorly
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PC Operating SystemsPC Operating SystemsWindows XP
◦Microsoft’s most popular OS so far◦Different look from 2000◦Many different versions◦Primarily 32 bit, later versions came
in 64 bits◦Digital multimedia support was
enhanced◦Communications was enhanced◦Mobile computing became a priority
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PC Operating SystemsPC Operating SystemsWindows 7
◦Combined features of Windows XP and Vista
◦Enhanced GUI◦32 or 64 bit versions◦Start button search◦Robust and stable
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PC Operating SystemsPC Operating SystemsWindows 8
◦Microsoft’s newest OS◦32 & 64 bit◦Introduces new file system ReFS (built upon
NTFS but more secured; ensures resilience & self-repair of file system)
◦Support both x86 and ARM-based processors◦Has cloud integration and windows store◦Gives multiple monitor support◦Touch screen support◦Faster booting & shutting down
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PC Operating SystemsPC Operating SystemsUNIX
◦Runs on all computer types◦32- or 64-bit◦Very stable and fast◦Command-line interface◦Has many versions:
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PC Operating SystemsPC Operating SystemsLinux
◦Free or inexpensive version of UNIX◦Very stable and fast◦Most flavors are open source◦X Windows GUI
Command line interface is available
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Linux DesktopLinux Desktop
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PC Operating SystemsPC Operating SystemsMacintosh operating systems
◦OS X◦Based on FreeBSD Linux◦Very stable and easy to configure◦Only runs on Mac hardware
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OS X DesktopOS X Desktop
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NOS FeaturesNOS FeaturesNetwork operating systemFast and stableRuns on serversMulti-user and multitasking OS32- or 64-bit
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NOS FeaturesNOS FeaturesFile and print sharing
◦Users access the same files◦Hundreds of users use a printer◦Different OS can interact
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NOS FeaturesNOS FeaturesData integrity
◦Backups copies data onto tape◦RAID copies data onto other drives
Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks Relies on two or more hard drives May speed access to data
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NOS FeaturesNOS FeaturesData security
◦Access to data can be restricted◦Access to server resources is
controlled◦Audits can be kept
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Networking Operating Networking Operating SystemsSystemsNT Server
◦Same core as NT Workstation◦Security added◦Multi user capability added◦RAID support included
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Networking Operating Networking Operating SystemsSystemsWindows 2000 Server
◦Same technology as 2000 workstation
◦Active Directory (AD) Central database of server resources Simplifies network management
◦Distributed programs supported◦Server Standard Edition◦Advanced Server Edition◦Data Center Edition
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Active DirectoryActive Directory
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Networking Operating Networking Operating SystemsSystemsWindows 2003 Server
◦Designed to compete with UNIX◦XP like interface◦Better support for XP computers◦MS .NET framework supported◦Distributed programs are supported◦Server Standard Edition◦Data Center Edition
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Networking Operating Networking Operating SystemsSystemsWindows server 2008
◦Active directory roles Active Directory expanded with identity,
certificate and rights management services
◦Self healing NTFS Automatically fixes any file system corruptions
◦Hyper-V Virtualizes servers on an OS’s kernel layer
◦WSRM (Windows System Resource Manager) Controls amount of resources a processor can
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Networking Operating Networking Operating SystemsSystemsWindows server 2012
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Networking Operating Networking Operating SystemsSystemsUNIX for servers
◦Oldest NOS in widespread use◦Stable secure and fast◦Main OS for Internet and Web◦Large organizations depend on UNIX
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Networking Operating Networking Operating SystemsSystemsLinux for servers
◦Popular in small businesses◦Stable, fast and inexpensive◦Linux’s popularity is growing
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Embedded Operating Embedded Operating SystemsSystemsDevices have EOS built inCell phones, PDAs, medical
equipmentStable and fast
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Embedded Operating Embedded Operating SystemsSystemsWindows XP embedded
◦Based on Windows XP◦Customized for each device
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Embedded Operating Embedded Operating SystemsSystemsWindows CE
◦Not based on a desktop OS◦Customized for each device◦PDA and cell phones◦Microsoft Automotive will run in cars
Windows mobile◦Based on CE◦Smaller form factor◦Used in mobile devices, eg, windows
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Embedded Operating Embedded Operating SystemsSystems
Windows Phone 7◦Successor of windows mobile◦Improved GUI◦Developed in 2010
Windows Phone 8◦Upgraded Phone 7◦Developed in 2012
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Embedded Operating Embedded Operating SystemsSystemsPalm OS
◦Standard on Palm PDA◦First PDA OS for consumers◦Can be found on cell phones
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Embedded Operating Embedded Operating SystemsSystemsPocket PC
◦From Microsoft, a variant of CE◦Developed to compete with Palm◦Not customizable ◦Interacts securely with business
networks◦Can control PCs through PC
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Embedded Operating Embedded Operating SystemsSystems
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Symbian◦Developed by Nokia◦Found in smart cell phones◦Games, Instant Messaging, Internet◦Full color display◦Nokia is gradually shifting towards
Windows based mobile OS
Embedded Operating Embedded Operating SystemsSystemsiOS
◦From Apple, based on Mac OS X◦Multitasking; works with iPhones, iPods◦can be used as a wireless access point
Android◦From Google◦Main competitor of iOS◦Over 200,000 apps◦Open source, Linux based◦HTC, Samsung etc mobile phones
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Embedded Operating Embedded Operating SystemsSystemsSome other mobile OS include:
◦Blackberry OS -> dev by ‘Research in Motion’
◦MotoMagx -> from Motorola◦WebOS -> from Palm◦Ophone -> by Android for Chinese
local market
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