CHEMISTRY OF LIFE REVIEW
True or False
• Matter (atoms) obey the same rules of chemistry whether they are in living or non living things.
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• If we take a living thing apart, we eventual end up with ____________
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• Life builds from atoms to form many levels of organization. What happens at each new level?
A. A vital force becomes apparentB. Rules of chemistry changeC. New properties emergeD. Nothing changes
LIST
• LIST 12 LEVELS OF BIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
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All living and non-living things are composed ________________. HINT-takes up space and has mass
SHORT ANSWER
• Where do living things get there matter from?
SHORT ANSWER
• Why must matter be recycled?
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• Matter is composed of ______________• HINT-A pure substance that can’t be broken
down any further by ordinary chemical means
LIST
• What are the six elements that make up 98% of living things?
SHORT ANSWER
• How can you CHNOPS to evolution?
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• 3-4 different types of CHNOPS elements combine to make the ______________
of living things. HINT-Two or more different elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio.
SHORT ANSWER
• What are trace elements?
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• Each type of element consists of one type of _____________. HINT-Smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• What determines the properties of an element?
A. Structure of atomB. Arrangement of atoms within a compoundC. Structure of a moleculeD. The nucleus of an atom
SHORT ANSWER
• What are the three components of an atom?
FILL IN THE BLANKS
• The nucleus of an atom contains _________ and _______________
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• What forms a cloud around the nucleus of an atom?
A. ProtonsB. NeutronsC. ElectronsD. Alpha particles
SHORT ANSWER
• Which two subatomic particles make up most of the mass of the atom?
LIST
• List the subatomic particles and give their charge.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• What subatomic particle identifies the atom?A. ProtonB. NeutronC. ElectronD. Alpha particle
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• What subatomic particle determines how an atom behaves?
A. ProtonB. NeutronC. ElectronD. Alpha particle
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• What subatomic particle determines the behavior of an atom?
A. ProtonB. NeutronC. ElectronD. Both the protons and the neutrons
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• The atomic number is the number of:A. ProtonsB. NeutronsC. ElectronsD. Both the protons and the neutrons
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• The mass number is the number of:A. ProtonsB. Neutrons plus electronsC. Electrons plus protonsD. Both the protons and the neutrons
SHORT ANSWER
• A neutral atom has an atomic mass of 18 and 7 electrons. How many protons and neutrons does it have?
SHORT ANSWER
• An atom with a negative 2 charge has an atomic mass of 18 and 7 electrons. How many protons and neutrons does it have?
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• Two atoms with same atomic number but different mass number are called _______________.
TRUE OR FALSE
• Living things are able to distinguish between radioactive isotopes and non radioactive isotopes of same element.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• Why are radioactive isotopes beneficial in biology?
• A. They are easily detected an traced.• B. They behave exactly the same way as their
nonradioactive isotope partners.• C. living things don’t distinguish a difference
between radioactive and nonradioactive isotopes of same element.
• D. All are correct
LIST
• List five uses of radioactive isotopes in biology:
SHORT ANSWER
• How are radioactive isotopes harmful?
SHORT ANSWER
• What electrons determine the behavior of an atom?
LIST
• List the number of electrons required to fill electron shell 1, 2, and 3
TRUE OR FALSE
• If the valence shell is complete it has eight electrons in it except for the first shell which is complete with two electrons.
TRUE OR FALSE
• If the valence shell is complete the atom is said to be reactive and unstable.
TRUE OR FALSE
• If the valence shell is not filled the atom is said to be reactive and unstable.
TRUE OR FALSE
• If an atom is stable and unreactive it will combine and form bonds with other atoms.
TRUE OR FALSE
• If an atom is unstable and reactive it will combine and form bonds with other atoms.
SHORT ANSWER
• What are the two ways atoms can become stable?
MATCHING
A. Valence electronsB. Valence ShellC. Valence Number
____ Number of electrons in outer shell____ The Number of bonds an atom can make____ The outer most electron shell
SHORT ANSWER
• An atom has an atomic number of eight. What is its valence number and how many bonds can it make?
SHORT ANSWER
• Why does an atom transfer an electron to another atom?
SHORT ANSWER
• When there is a transfer of an electron from one atom to another atom, what happens to the charge on each atom?
SHORT ANSWER
• What do we call an atom with a charge?
VERY SHORT ANSWER
• Does the chlorine atom have the same properties as its ion?
VERY SHORT ANSWER
• Are ionic bonds strong in the aqueous environment of living things?
SHORT ANSWER
• Two ions with opposite charge will form what type bond?
SHORT ANSWER
• Sharing of electrons is what type of bond?
SHORT ANSWER
• Why are the compounds of living things made by combining CHNOPS atoms with covalent bonds?
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• The number of bonds an atom can form is equal to:
A. The number of valence electronsB. The number of electrons needed to fill outer shellC. The number neutronsD. The number of charges
A LONGER SHORT ANSWER
• Name & explain the difference between the two types of covalent bonds.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• Which molecule is the polar molecule?A. C2H2B. NH3C. C6H6
TRUE OR FALSE
• Polar covalent compounds have areas with partial negative charge and areas with partial positive charges.
SHORT ANSWER
• What does electronegativity help us determine?
Use Choices Below To Answer questions On Next Slide
A. Atom on left side of periodic table, contains 1 or 2 valence electrons, and has low electronegativity.B. Atom on right side of periodic table, contains 6 or 7 valence electrons, and has low electronegativity but higher than A.C. Atom on right side of periodic table, contains 6 or 7 valence electrons, and has high electronegativity.
Answer question below using info from previous slide
What type of bond will you have if you combine the following:1. Combine A with C2. Combine B with another B3. Combine B with C
SHORT ANSWER
• A nonmetal bonded to a nonmetal will be what type of bond?
SHORT ANSWER
• A metal bonded to a nonmetal will give you what type of bond?
SHORT ANSWER
• A nonmetal with low electronegativity is bonded to a nonmetal with high electronegativity will give you what type of bond?
SHORT ANSWER
• When matter is rearranged by the breaking of bonds and formation of new bonds, what took place.
SHORT ANSWER
• Give two reasons why chemical reactions occur in cells all the time
TRUE OR FALSE
Energy is stored in matter and when matter is rearranged in a chemical reaction energy may be released or absorbed and stored in the new matter formed.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• All are true of biosynthesis reactions EXCEPT: A. Build larger molecules from smaller molecules.B. Store energyC. Are exothermicD. Are anabolicE. Example is photosynthesis
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• All are true of biosynthesis reactions EXCEPT: A. Build larger molecules from smaller molecules.B. Stores energyC. Are exothermicD. Are anabolicE. Example is photosynthesis
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• All are true of decomposition reactions EXCEPT:
A. Break larger molecules into smaller moleculesB. Release energyC. ExothermicD. AnabolicE. Example would cell respiration
TRUE OR FALSE
• The energy required to get a chemical reaction started (in other words-need energy to get molecules moving to collide with enough force to break bonds) is called activation energy.
TRUE OR FALSE
• In a lab activation energy is supplied by heat but cells must maintain homeostasis and keep their temperature stable so instead of heat they use enzymes to speed up reactions.
MATCHING
• A. Reactants• B. Products• C. Law of conservation of matter• ___ 1. Left side of equation-substances that
enter into chemical reaction• ____ 2. Right side of equation-Substances
formed by change• ____ 3. Matter is not created or destroyed
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• Chemical equations can tell us all of these EXCEPT:
• A. Types of atoms• B. Number of atoms• C. Numerical proportion of atoms• D. Position of atoms• E. Reactants and products
TRUE OR FALSE
• In a chemical equation, the number before a symbol represent the number of atoms of the element and the subscript to the left of an element indicates the number of molecules of each substance.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• It took 8000 Kcal of energy to break the bonds of the reactants and 7000 Kcal of energy were released in the formation of the products. Overall, the chemical reaction was:
A. ExothermicB. Endothermic
THE END
• YEA!!!!!!!!