Computing Challenges of
Offshore Wind
Eur Ing John P. Shaw BE MBA CEng MIEI SMIEEE [email protected] Renewable Power02 November 2011
MEDIN Open Meeting: Tuesday 02 November 2011
The Energy Sector is undergoing A Technology Transformation as it moves to Renewable
Sources
The emerging €6.4 Trillion Offshore Wind Energy Market
is the key to Europe’s Energy Future
The Supergrid is the key enabler for Offshore Wind Energy
To accelerate the Supergrid, An Integrated approach to Computing Innovation,
Standards and Collaboration is needed
Introduction
• Mainstream Renewable Power• Offshore Wind in Europe• Supergrid Enablers• Offshore Wind Developers’ Computing needs• The need for an Integrated Approach
Computing Challenges of Offshore Wind
• Mainstream Renewable Power• Offshore Wind in Europe• Supergrid Enablers• Offshore Wind Developers’ Computing needs• The need for an Integrated Approach
Computing Challenges of Offshore Wind
Vision
Mainstream Renewable Power was founded by Dr. Eddie O’Connor in February 2008.
“ Our vision is of thriving economies and communities
liberated from the restrictions of fossil fuels, using
renewable energy as their
mainstream source of power. “
These 4 key drivers influence the pace of the transition to sustainability
The world is experiencing a once-off historical transition to sustainable fuels: Each one of our 195 countries must go through it.
4 fundamental issues drive this transition ;
• Climate change• Ever-increasing Demand for Energy• Rising Fossil Fuel Prices • Energy Security
Driver 1 : Climate Change
British adventurer and swimmer Lewis Gordon Pugh has become the first person to swim in the icy waters of the North Pole.
16 July 2007
2011 : 2nd Biggest Arctic Ice Melt in Recorded History
In 2009 China surpassed US to become world’s largest Energy Consumer
Driver 2 : Exploding Global Demand for Energy
China is adding 100,000 MW to it’s grid annually
Equivalent to ‘ Adding Germany ‘ each year
By 2030, China & India will add ‘ 23 Germanys ‘
Driver 3 : Rising Fossil Fuel Price
General JN Mattias, USMCMarch 2010
Richard Branson, VirginIan Marchant, SSEFebruary 2010
Oil Price rise by 1,600% percent 1997 – 2007..... Will it do it again by 2020 ?
Driver 4 : Security of Supply
European Commission has intervened to catalyse the switch to Renewables
Source: Allianz 2010
Source: EGL 2007
Europe will become dependent on large Gas Imports, Cash Outflows without EC intervention...
... Via a Continent-wide Grid for Natural Gas yet no equivalent for Electricity exists yet
Crisis, what crisis ?
A transition to Sustainable Energy permanently extracts us from the Energy Crisis
Government Policy
Project Development
Project Construction
Asset Operation & Maintenance
3 Revenue Streams = Profit from sale
Long-term O&M contract
Asset out-performance fee
Sustainability as a business is what we do at Mainstream : wind & solar.
Mainstream’s business model spans 4 key areas ;
Mainstream’s Business Model
Recycle Cash
For New Projects
A sustainable pipeline of Renewable Energy Projects secured
845 MW : Canada
994 MW :Chile
420 MW : Scotland
4,086 MW : South Africa
6,000 MW : England
Mainstream’s 14,000+ MW Projects’ Pipeline
Offices
Offshore
Onshore
1,000 MW : Germany
947 MW : USA
11 Office, 140 Employees, 8 Countries
• Mainstream Renewable Power• Offshore Wind in Europe• Supergrid Enablers• Offshore Wind Developers’ Computing needs• The need for an Integrated Approach
Computing Challenges of Offshore Wind
EU Energy Perspective : Current Investment Mix
Globally > 160,000 MW Wind Power is already Operational
Wind50%Solar
30%
Other Renewables10%
Nuclear10%
Supergrid is the key enabler for the Renewable Energy Future
1,800,000 MW of installed Wind Power needed• Based on projected 2050 energy
requirements
200,000 MW from Onshore Wind : the limit • Europe is the most crowded Continent
1,600,000 MW from Offshore Wind• Plenty of space to grow further• Achievable at €3,600,000.00 per MW
Investment :
• €5.8 Trillion for Offshore Wind Turbines by 2050.
• €0.6 Trillion for associated Offshore transmission
and distribution: Supergrid.
Where is the Wind Resource?2050 Energy Mix
EU Energy Perspective : 2050
Offshore Wind Resource
Offshore Wind in the North Sea : Europe’s best option
Europe’s Electricity Demand
Europe’s Power Demand
EU27 Demand (2008): 3,200 TWh
Offshore Wind Power Available Area considered with 5MW/Km2
North Sea: 35,700,000 MW
Mediterranean Sea: 12,500,000 MWTotal 48,200,000 MW
Equates to: 161,000 TWh
Conclusion :Demand 3,200 TWhSupply 161,000 TWh
Supply v Demand x 50
Mr Brian Hurley, Wind Site Evaluation Ltd. Offshore Wind Resources in EuropeMarseilles, March 2009
Offshore Wind in the North Sea : can meet Europe’s needs x 50
NEART NA GAOITHE
HORNSEA R3 HORIZONT
Mainstream’s Projects in the North Sea
Key Features•Excellent wind resource
•Convenient location for major energy consumers
•10 countries are now focused & organised to developing this resource
•Mainstream has 3 projects in the North Sea:
• Germany• Scotland• England
• 33,000 MW of Offshore Wind Round 3 Development licences issued by Crown Estate in UK waters
420 MW
6,000 MW 1,000 MW
Offshore Wind in the North Sea : will deliver EU Energy Strategy
The Big Picture“...We can get 100 percent of our energy from wind, water, and solar (WWS) power. And we can do it today—efficiently, reliably, safely, sustainably, and economically...
...The obstacles to this transformation are primarily social and political, not technical or economic...”
Dr Mark DelucchiUniversity of California
IEEE Spectrum September 2011
Supergrid is the key technology for this transformation
• Mainstream Renewable Power• Offshore Wind in Europe• Supergrid Enablers• Offshore Wind Developers’ Computing needs• The need for an Integrated Approach
Computing Challenges of Offshore Wind
An electricity transmission system, mainly based on HVDC
designed to facilitate large scale sustainable power
generation in remote areas
for transmission to centers of consumption,
therebyenhancing the energy
market
Supergrid
Key Features•A new transmission backbone for Europe’s decarbonised power sector
•Enables distribution of energy from 1,600,000 MW Offshore Wind Farms
•A transformational approach to electricity generation and distribution
•Captures clean energy generation and delivers firm renewable power across Europe
•Goes beyond existing point-to-point interconnectors
•Innovative technology needed to deliver HVDC Supernode technology
•Requires a strategic partnership across the Supply Chain
•Cost to build Europe’s Supergrid;
€0.6 Trillion Offshore Supergrid€0.6 Trillion Onshore Supergrid
The Wind is always blowing somewhere : create Portfolio Effect
SUPERGRID
Supergrid Consortium
The consortium represents companies and organisations with a mutual interest in promoting the policy agenda for a European Supergrid.
CEO Ana Aguado run the Consortium which exists to accelerate the Supergrid via a 5 point strategy:
1. Develop Standards2. Create Offshore Transmission Operator3. Establish EU Regulations4. Create Single Electricity Market5. Establish legal basis for trading
The Consortium has 20 members
Europe’s Supergrid in 2050
Dr Eddie O’Connor, Mainstream Renewable PowerSupergrid LaunchLondon, March 2010
7 Innovation Trajectories are needed;
1. Bigger Wind Turbines2. HVDC Transmission Cables3. Supernode4. Next-Generation Civil Engineering5. Bigger Construction Vessels6. Bigger Ports 7. Better ICT:
• Intelligent Market for Energy• Risk Management & Modelling• Real-time Pervasive Monitoring
An inevitable transition to sustainability with 7 Innovation Trajectories
Innovation # 1 : Bigger Wind Turbines
Turbines will get bigger : 20 MW Floating Turbines will be viable
Dr Eddie O’Connor, Mainstream Renewable PowerC & F Offshore SummitLondon, April 2009
Source: Garrad Hassan
Bigger, Better turbines are needed
Innovation # 2 : HVDC Transmission Cables
0 200 400 600 800 10000
500
1000
1500
400 kV AC line320 kV dc line
Distance in km
Pow
er in
MW
.
Overhead Cables Sea Cables
400 kV AC line
320 kV DC line
Three 400 kV AC cables
Two 320 kVDC cables
Mr Gunnar Asplund, ABBHVDC Supergrid - Technology and CostsMarseilles, March 2009
75 km land cable
128 km sea cable
400 MW offshoreconverter
400 MW converter
E.ON Netz, Borkum 2, 400 MW HVDC Light
HVDC uses proven technology
SUPERNODE CONCEPT
400 kV
2 x 500 MW
2 x 500 MW
2 x 500 MW
2 x 500 MW
2.4 GW
2.4 GW2.4 GW
2.4GW ± 320kV
“In 2011, only 30% of all power generated uses power electronics somewhere between the point of generation and end use.
By 2030, 80% of all electric power
will flow through power electronics.”
Office of Electric Delivery & Energy Reliability,
US Dept of Energy
Mr Joe Corbett, Mainstream Renewable PowerDetailed design of the SupernodeMarseilles, March 2009
Innovation # 3 : Supernode
Supernode is a proven concept
Innovation # 4 : Next Generation Civil Engineering
Offshore wind Jack-up
Project Load 7000 – 10 000 tonnes
Crane Capacity 1 000 tonnes
Mr Fenno Leeuwerke, Hochtief Construction Building at Sea and 3rd Generation of ShipsMarseilles, March 2009Bigger, Stronger Jack-up Technology
Innovation # 5 : Bigger Construction Vessels
Mr Fenno Leeuwerke, Hochtief Construction Building at Sea and 3rd Generation of ShipsMarseilles, March 2009Bigger Ships for bigger loads
Innovation # 6 : Bigger Ports & Better Logistics
Requirements for UK’s Offshore Plans;
• Develop two completely new ports• One on either coast of the UK• More than transport nodes• Focal point for regional development• Centres of excellence for R + D• Training centres for
technologists/technicians• New manufacturing centres
Dr Eddie O’Connor, Mainstream Renewable PowerC & F Offshore SummitLondon, April 2009
An entirely new approach to Logistics is needed
Surveying & Modelling the Sea
Wind Turbine Control Systems
Hi-Speed Wireless Communication
Power Distribution Management
Supernode Power Controls
Monitoring & Controlling Risk
Reduce Project Risk & create the Intelligent Market
Innovation # 7 : Better Computing
Technology
• Mainstream Renewable Power• Offshore Wind in Europe• Supergrid Enablers• Offshore Wind Developers’ Computing needs• The need for an Integrated Approach
Computing Challenges of Offshore Wind
Offshore Business Process
Develop Construct Operate
Information needed :SurveyingModellingTurbine Control SystemsWireless CommunicationPower Distribution ManagementProject & Document ManagementRisk Management
Business needs to...Identify & Mitigate RisksAccelerate SurveyingAccelerate ConstructionConnect & Distribute Power
5 % of the € 6.4 Trillion investment will be for ICT Equates to € 320 Billion ICT investment
Reducing Risk is all about Digitising Decision-Making
• Mainstream’s fundamental belief is that marine data is a Public Good.
• It should be collected once and used many times.
• Key needs ; • Accessibility and Management:
• Clear policy of ownership, licensing & access for all publicly funded data collection• Single point of access to marine data and information• Discourage cost-recovery pricing from public bodies
• Data Standards and Quality control: • Common standards across jurisdictions and disciplines• Ensure the above is addressed in publicly funded data collection contracts
• International Coordination:• Harmonised approach across the EU in relation to all of the above:• Links provided and maintained to EU/global databases and initiatives
• Benefits of improved data management ;• Measurable reductions in costs to find, access and retrieve data• Wider and more reliable data and information upon which to base assessments• Mechanisms to share results and data with stakeholders
What Offshore Developers Need from ICT
Developers want to reduce Project Risk
• 4 EU Directives in particular impact industry:
• Marine Strategy Framework Directive – ‘establish and implement coordinated monitoring programmes for ongoing assessment of the environmental status of [member state] marine waters’
• INSPIRE Directive – ‘adopt measures for the sharing of data sets and services between public authorities for the purpose of public tasks and the Environmental Information Directive’
• Birds and Habitats Directive – ‘establish a network known as Natura 2000 (SPA, SACs)
• Data Collection Framework for Fisheries – ‘collect, manage and provide high quality fisheries data for the purpose of scientific advice, mainly for appropriate fisheries management decisions’Shading = initiatives to manage data to satisfy EC
Legislation
EU Marine Data Management
There are many initiatives underway
Marine Knowledge 2020 : Marine Data and Observation for Smart and Sustainable GrowthLaunched 13 September 2010Led by Iain Shephard
Key ObjectivesThis Initiative from the Commission will ensure the following are achieved ;• Data from the EU-supported research programmes are more available for re-
use• Common standards and policies• Contribute towards an interoperable global marine knowledge system Cost
• €1,400.0 Million spent per year by all stakeholders on Marine data collection in Europe• € 110.0 Million spent per year by EU on marine data collection• € 18.5 Million additional allocation per year for EU’s Marine Knowledge 2020 initiative
Marine Knowledge 2020
Offshore Developers will contribute to Marine Knowledge 2020
• Mainstream Renewable Power• Offshore Wind in Europe• Supergrid Enablers• Offshore Wind Developers’ Computing needs• The need for an Integrated Approach
Computing Challenges of Offshore Wind
DepthBathymetry
SeabedSidescan Sonar
Sub-StrataBoomer
WrecksMagnetometer
FoundationsGeotechnics
Waves & CurrentsOceanography
Flora & FaunaEcology
Regulatory ReportsConsultancy
Offshore’s Big Challenge: Digitise Risk-
Management
ISIS
Offshore
Data Types
RiskPrediction
& Mitigation
WindMetMast,Lidar
Collect DataStore Data
Visualise DataIdentify Patterns
Run Scenarios
MappingESA Satellites
A new Integrated Sea Information System (ISIS) is needed
Wind Farm Phase
ISIS Layer Value Technology Maturity
Specific Requirements
Reference Standard
Areas for improvement
Survey Phase
Construct Phase
Operate Phase
5. Risk Scenario Identify Project Risk Low
Vectorise parametric data and predict the future. Run various scenarios to identify
best-fit result.
to be defined Develop new technology X X X
4. VisualisationAllow
accurate presentatio
n of real world
Medium
Presentation of n dimensions over time, with colour shading to
display parameters ( surfaces, currents, etc ) and exclusions ( sea-lanes, wrecks,
etc)
to be defined Develop new technology X X X
3. Database
Provide a single
source of validated reference data with time and
GPS stamps
MediumData Historian for time-series data,
linked to RDBMS for query/reports
ODBC compliant Adoption of data historian technology X X X
2. Communications
Provide a reliable
mechanism to transfer data from
Instruments to Database
High
Buffering, compression, Send-
Receive confirmation, TCP/IP, CSV-ASCII file
format,
Complies with EIA232 Encryption. Wireless Communications X X X
1. InstrumentsProvide accurate
measurement of key
parameters
High
Ruggedised Instruments, Self-powered, Linear, meet range and
resolution requirements, IP
addressable
Complies with ANSI/ISA TR77.70.01.2010
Tracking & Reporting of Instrument and Control
Data
Self calibrating instruments, suited to
North Sea EnvironmentX X X
ISIS :5 layers to the Challenge
New Standards, new Technology, integrated approach needed
• Innovation is inhibited by data licence issues: • Data licence issue throughout European waters• Over 400 legal entities have licensed ownership of data in Britain• Need EU Data Ownership Policy
• Innovation is inhibited by regional data strategy variation:• National data archives are at different levels of maturity• Low Interoperability of data and metadata across EU• Need EU standard for data archives
• Role for EU Commission:• Build on existing progress made by data communities• Provide sustainable funding for Innovation• Provide framework for licensing and re-use of data
• Role for ICT Standards:• Build on existing ISA standards in other Sectors ( eg Manufacturing )• Align relevant IEEE / IEC / ISA standards for computer & electrical devices• Provide framework for developing integrated standards across supply chain
ISIS :Barriers to address
Intel are already helping to set standards for Supergrid & Offshore Wind
The Energy Sector is undergoing A Technology Transformation as it moves to Renewable
Sources
The emerging €6.4 Trillion Offshore Wind Energy Market
is the key to Europe’s Energy Future
The Supergrid is the key enabler for Offshore Wind Energy
To accelerate the Supergrid, An Integrated approach to Computing Innovation,
Standards and Collaboration is needed
Conclusion
Mainstream ‘s Business Model http://www.mainstreamrp.com/
Mainstream’s Innovation : A winner in the 2011 Computerworld Innovation Awards http://www.eiseverywhere.com/ehome/CWHONORS2011/35791/?&
Mainstream’s Innovation: 2011 Harvey Nash CIO Seminar “ A New Age of Innovation “
http://www.siliconrepublic.com/video/v/596-mainstream-renewables-cio/
Mainstream’ ICT Strategy: Described by Silicon Republichttp://www.siliconrepublic.com/strategy/item/14728-in-the-mainstream
Mainstream & Intel: joint White-Paper & Video on Offshore Wind Farmshttp://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/energy/wind-turbine-availability-excellence.htmlhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oOlWSWujw8s
Mainstream & Microsoft: Blog on SERA adoption & link to SERA documenthttp://blogs.msdn.com/b/mspowerutilities/archive/2010/06/24/sera-succinctly.aspxhttp://www.microsoft.com/industry/manufacturing/utilities/default.mspx ( see ‘Spotlight’ Section )
Friends of the Supergrid : driving policy and standards http://www.friendsofthesupergrid.eu/
Energy Trends : Oil refinery bottleneck report from Richard Branson & from US Militaryhttp://peakoiltaskforce.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/final-report-uk-itpoes_report_the-oil-crunch_feb20101.pdfhttp://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/joint-operating-environment-2010
IEEE September 2011 : 100 % Renewable Future
http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/renewables/wind-water-and-solar-power-for-the-world/?utm_source=techalert&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=092211
Fortune September 2011 : The need for a Federal Approach to Supergrid http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/09/14/the-power-struggle-for-wyomings-wind/ The Economist September 2011 : Arctic Sea Ice is melting faster than the Climate Models predict
http://www.economist.com/node/21530079
Innovation Value Institutehttp://www.ivi.ie/
Further Information