Course 10th
Economy and demographics
From emerging to industrialized countries
Demographics
Critical thinking p.152 # 1, 2, 3, 5(10 min. in team, one sheet per team)
Optimum vs Maximum human pop. Technology: a solution or a temporary 'fix' Class struggles? Slowing or accelerating growth?
How the demographics impact the wealth of a country
Reducing birth rate allow more resource to raise children
Parents put more energy to get the children higher education
A higher rate of active population (lower dependency rate) generates more work
Total GDP (interior production)
GDP per capita
Demographic impact
Source: Images from http://populationpyramid.net/, produced using data from:Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision
Demographic impact
Demographic impact
How does socioeconomical factors are linked to environment?
Development needs resources!
Supply and demand
From wikimedia.org
Examples
Oil demand has raised continuously over the past years
Why?
Supply and demand illustration
WTI: Western Texas Intermediate Brent: North Sea (Europe)
Weekly price of WTI and Brent in dollars per barrel, Jan 5, 2001 to Feb 22, 2011. Historical data from EIA; Feb 22 values from Oil-Price.net.
?
Oil price fluctuations
http://www.marketoracle.co.uk/Article1375.html
Environmental impact
Extraction and transformation of resources impact the environment: Alberta Tar Sands
Photograph by Peter Essick; http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2009/03/canadian-oil-sands/kunzig-text
Alberta Tar sands
Since the cost of isolating the oil from the sand, the industry was low from 1960 to the end of the 1990s
Surge from the 2000s brought the industry to a fast forward development
Effect on the economy
Real Gross Domestic Product, per capita, by region,(Ottawa: Human Resources and Skills Development Canada, 2006)http://ecommunity.pwsd76.ab.ca/file.php/863/moddata/resource/17718/ss_09/m4/s2/ss09_m4_s2_l01_p2.html
Extraction oil from the sand
Sam Abuelsamid, http://green.autoblog.com/2007/01/27/shell-plans-to-quadruple-canadian-oil-sands-production/
Extracting oil from the sand
Division of Energy & Fuels - American Chemical Societyhttp://www.ems.psu.edu/~pisupati/ACSOutreach/Oil_Sands.html
Effects on the environment Contaminated water used in the extraction process is released
in the Athabasca River
Source: Environment Canada: http://www.ec.gc.ca/doc/publications/pollution/COM1396/index-eng.htm
Causes and consequences
Demographic growth Economic growth Demand on a resource Raise of the prices New supplies of resources available Technological novelty Positive or negative impact on the
environment
Activity
Can gold mining can be influenced by similar tendencies?
What creates a demand? How the gold price might change? How the industry will react? How will it eventually impact the
environment?
Activity Can you find another resource that might be
influenced through the international market? What is the resource? Who are the main producers ? Who are the main consumers ? What are the events that drove the prices up
or down? What were the environmental impact of such
prices fluctuations? How the resource exploitation might impact
the environment?