BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Department IFA-Tulln, Institute for Biotechnology in Plant Production, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, A-.3430 Tulln, Austria,
Current Knowledge on the Genetics of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat - Implications for Resistance Breeding
Hermann Buerstmayr, Barbara Steiner, Marc Lemmens
SCAB USA 2010 2
Overview
Introduction
Summary and conclusions
Current knowledge about FHB-resistance QTL:
Two QTL meta analysis and
one QTL review
A few recent projects at IFA-Tulln
Overview
SCAB USA 2010 3
Some (still ?) interesting plant breeding questions
� Which level of FHB resistance is currently available/should
a cultivar have?
� Are the moderately effective resistance genes in the
native gene pool sufficient?
� Association of FHB resistance with other traits: plant height,
flower morphology?
� Which selection tools are available/useful?
Introduction
SCAB USA 2010 4
Fusarium head blight rating (1-9) of WW cultivars released during four periods in DE, AT
Num
ber
of
cultiv
ars
Num
ber
of
cultiv
ars
Currently registered winter wheat cultivars in Austria and Germany
Germany Austria
Introduction
Datasource: Lists of registered cultivars, DE, AT
FHB class FHB class
FHB classFHB class
SCAB USA 2010 5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9Germany
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Austria
pla
nt h
eig
ht (1
-9,
short
–ta
ll)
Fusarium head blight class (1 - 9, resistant – susceptible)
FHB rating vs. plant height of registered cultivars in Austria and Germany
Datasource: Lists of registered cultivars, DE, AT
Introduction
SCAB USA 2010 6
Fusarium resistance level in cultivars compared to the most resistant experimental lines
0
25
50
75
100
2081
620
818
2081
7-3
2081
2-2
2082
8-3
BVAL
-213
149-
5G
16-9
2A3
9-9-
2-1
Arin
a
BVAL
-213
063-
10
BVAL
-213
064-
12Ar
_Fo-
338
T.m
acha
Petru
sAp
ache
Enno
Cap
oD
ream
Forn
oO
rvan
tisR
iban
dH
ussa
rFu
rore
FHB severity (%)
DON (ppm)
Sumai-3 descendents
Introduction
SCAB USA 2010 7
Options for selection
Phenotypic Selection
Selection on the plants for e.g. low
disease symptoms.
Usually in special nurseries with
measures to provoke infection
(artificial inoculation)
Genotypic Selection
Selection based on genetic
fingerprints (DNA markers)
Marker alleles linked to resistance genes (QTL). In the ideal case ‘perfect’ markers.
Selection based on whole genome marker information
(genomic selection)
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Introduction
SCAB USA 2010 8
Current knowledge on FHB resistance QTL
Buerstmayr et al. (2009) Review. Plant Breeding 128: 1-26.Löffler et al. (2009) Meta QTL analysis. Mol. Breeding 23: 473-488. Liu et al. (2009) Meta-analysis of QTL Crop Science 49: 1955-1968.
QTL reported in hexaploid wheatOver 46 publications, since 1999.
> 200 QTL reported,
on all wheat chromosomes
QTL in tetraploid wheat4 publications, resistance was mainly based on
T. dicoccoides or T. carthlicum
QTL in related species2 publications (Triticum macha, Thinopyrum ponticum)
Genetics of FHB resistance
SCAB USA 2010 9
FHB spread Multiple traits
Xbarc75
Xgwm389
Xgwm533.1
Xbarc147
Xgwm493
Xbarc87
Xgwm533.2
Xgwm566
Xwmc231
Xbarc68Xwmc612
Xgwm376
Xwmc527
Xwmc787
Xwmc291
Xbarc77
Xgwm247Xwmc261
Xgwm340
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Fh
b1
[1,2
,3,4
,5,6
,8,9
,10,1
1,1
2,1
3,1
4,1
5,1
6,1
7,1
8,1
9,2
0,2
3,2
4,2
5,2
6,2
7,2
9,3
0]
Nyu
Bai[1
3]
Huapei57-2
[12]
DH
181 [1
4]
Wangshuib
ai[3
0]
Wangshuib
ai[2
5]
Ern
ie [4
4]
3B
Fhb1
Buerstmayr et al. 2009 Löffler et al. 2009
Meta QTL analysisQTL Review Mapped QTL
SCAB USA 2010 10
FHB spread Multiple traits
Xbarc75
Xgwm389
Xgwm533.1
Xbarc147
Xgwm493
Xbarc87
Xgwm533.2
Xgwm566
Xwmc231
Xbarc68Xwmc612
Xgwm376
Xwmc527
Xwmc787
Xwmc291
Xbarc77
Xgwm247Xwmc261
Xgwm340
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Fh
b1
[1,2
,3,4
,5,6
,8,9
,10,1
1,1
2,1
3,1
4,1
5,1
6,1
7,1
8,1
9,2
0,2
3,2
4,2
5,2
6,2
7,2
9,3
0]
Nyu
Bai[1
3]
Huapei57-2
[12]
DH
181 [1
4]
Wangshuib
ai[3
0]
Wangshuib
ai[2
5]
Ern
ie [4
4]
3B
Fhb1
Buerstmayr et al. 2009 Löffler et al. 2009
Meta QTL analysisQTL Review
* Fhb1 (Qfhs.ndsu-3BS)
Nearly perfect marker:
Umn10PCR, co-dominant
Liu et al. 2008
Mapped QTL
SCAB USA 2010 11
Xbarc10
Xgwm443
Xgwm205
Xgwm293Xgwm415Xgwm129Xbarc117Xbarc186Xbarc180Xgwm304Xgwm96
Xgwm156Xgwm639Xgwm617Xwmc415Xgwm666Xbarc232
Xgwm126
Xgwm595
B1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
CM
-82036 [8
,9]
W14 [1
5]
Nyu
Bai[1
3]
DH
181 [1
4]
Wangshuib
ai[2
8]
Wangshuib
ai[2
9]
CJ 9
306 [1
7,1
8]
Fro
nta
na
[31] R
enan
[35]
Renan
[35]
F201R
[36]
Ern
ie [4
4]
5A
Buerstmayr et al. 2009
Löffler et al. 2009
Meta QTL analysisQTL Review
FHB spread FHB incidence FHB severity DON Multiple traits
Mapped QTL
SCAB USA 2010 12
Xgwm459
Xbarc23
Xwmc256
Xgwm570
Xgwm169
Xgwm617
Xwmc206
Xwmc254
Xwmc59
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
ND
2603 [2
]
Dre
am
[41,4
2]
6A
Xgwm613
Xgwm132
Xgwm508
Xgwm193
Xgwm133
Xgwm644Xwmc397
Xgwm88
Xgwm608
Xwmc748
Xbarc24
Xwmc417
Xbarc134
0
20
40
60
80
Sum
ai3 [1
,2]
Fh
b2
[21]
Nin
g894037 [1
1]
Wangshuib
ai[2
3]
DH
181 [1
4]
Arin
a[3
9]
Arin
a[4
0]
Bla
ckbird
[50]
6B
Xcfd49
Xgdm132
Xwmc749
Xcfd19
Xgwm55
Xwmc753
Xwmc748
Xbarc96
Xwmc773
0
20
40
60
80
100
Arin
a[3
8]
6D
Fhb2
FHB spread FHB incidence FHB severity DON Multiple traits
Buerstmayr et al. 2009
Mapped QTL
Cuthbert et al. (2007) TAG 114: 429-437
Buerstmayr et al. 2009
SCAB USA 2010 13
Xgwm4
Xgwm165
Xgwm610
Xbarc170
Xgwm162
Xgwm160
Xwmc219
0
20
40
60
80
T.m
acha
[46]
Arin
a[3
8]
4A
Xwmc617
Xbarc20
Xgwm368
Xwmc238Xgwm192
Xgwm149
Xwmc349
Xwmc125
0
20
40
Wuhan
1 [1
3]
Wangshuib
ai[2
6]
Wangshuib
ai[2
8]
Chokw
ang
[33]
Ern
ie [4
4]
4B
Xwmc617
Rht-D1
Xwmc473
Xwmc331
Xcfd84
Xwmc622
Xgwm609
0
20
40
60
80
Arin
a[4
0]
DH
181 [1
4]
CS
-SM
3-7
AD
S [1
6]
4D
Spark
[52]
FHB spread FHB incidence FHB severity DON Multiple traits
Fhb4
Buerstmayr et al. 2009
Mapped QTL
Buerstmayr et al. 2009
Xue et al. (2010) TAG 121: 147–156
SCAB USA 2010 14
4B
Mapped QTL
Xue et al. (2010) TAG 121: 147–156
Fhb4
SCAB USA 2010 15
QTL summary for winter wheat (Holzapfel et al. TAG 2008)Mapped QTL
SCAB USA 2010 16
Introgression of the spring wheat derived QTL on 3BS and 5A into European winter wheat
Marker assisted back-crossing of QTL on chromosomes 3BS and 5A
Salameh et al. (2010) Molecular Breeding, online first
von der Ohe et al. (2010), Crop Science 50
QTL introgression
SCAB USA 2010 17
Back-crossing of resistance QTL
Selection by using DNA markers linked to Fusarium
resistance QTL.
CM-82036 x Winter Wheat (9 different cultivars)
F1 x WW
BC1 x WW
BC2 selfed
Marker selection for 2 QTL
Marker selection for 2 QTL
Marker selection for 2 QTL
Qfhs.ifa-5A AA AA aa aa
Fhb1(3BS) BB bb BB bbSalameh et al. (2010)
QTL introgression
SCAB USA 2010 18
Variety Origin Pedigree FHB reaction
CM-83036 MX Sumai-3/Thornbird-‘S’ HR
Apache FR Axial/NRPB-84-4233 MR
Petrus DE Nimbus/Vuka//Falke/4/Benno/Caribo//Kormoran/3/Kronjuwel MR
Enno DE Hustler/Achat/3/Caribo/Tadorna/2/Ibis/Ferto MR
Augustus AT Caribo/Multiweiss// MarisHuntsman/Disponent/3/Ikarus/Granada MS
P581 AT Herzog/Orbis MS
Ludwig AT Ares/Farmer MS
CH76152 CH NR399-84/EA8 S
Charger UK Fresco‘sib’/Mandate S
Orvantis FR Thesee//Disponent/Monopol/3/Torfrida S
Ten wheat varieties used for developing BC2F2 derived sister lines
QTL introgression
Salameh et al. (2010)
SCAB USA 2010 19
Evaluation of FHB resistance
Location: Experimental field
at IFA-Tulln, AT
3 Seasons (2006, 2007, 2008)
2 Isolates: F. graminearum, F. culmorum
� 6 experiments
Spray inoculation, mist irrigation
5 visual scorings of FHB severity,
calculation of the area under the disease
progress curve (AUDPC)
Salameh et al. (2010)
QTL introgression
SCAB USA 2010 20
Evaluation of yield and quality traits
Subset of 8 families and several modern cultivars as checks
3 field experiments: Tulln 2008, Reichersberg 2008, Tulln 2009.
5m2 plots
2 replications
lattice design
Yield
Agronomic traits
Quality traits
Salameh et al. (2010)
QTL introgression
SCAB USA 2010 21
FHB severity (AUDPC) on BC2derived sister lines
means over
6 experiments
Salameh et al. (2010)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Ap
ach
e(1
)
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
Ap
ach
e(2
)
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
Ap
ach
e(3
)
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
Pe
tru
s
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
En
no
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
AU
DP
C
a a a a
b b b b
a
b b b b
a a a
b b b b
a a a
b b b
a a ab b
c c
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Au
gu
stu
s(1
)
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
Au
gu
stu
s(2
)
aa
bb
AA
bb --
AA
BB
P5
81
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
Lu
dw
ig(1
)
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
Lu
dw
ig(2
)
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
AU
DP
C a a
b b
c c
a
b b
c
b b b bb b b
a a a a a a a
a a
b
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Lu
dw
ig(3
)
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
CH
76
15
2
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
Ch
arg
er(
1)
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
Ch
arg
er(
2)
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
Orv
an
tis
aa
bb
AA
bb
aa
BB
AA
BB
AU
DP
C
a a a
b b b
c c
a
b b
c c
b b b
a a a a
b b bc c c a
b b
c c c
Tukey test p
SCAB USA 2010 22
Orvantis Orvantis BC2F2 3B+5A
QTL introgression
SCAB USA 2010 23
Yield performance of BC2 derived sister linesmeans over 3 experiments
Salameh et al. (2010)
5
6
7
8
9
Bala
ton
Mula
n
Mid
as
Ap
ach…
aab
b
AA
bb
aaB
B
AA
BB
Petr
us
aab
b
AA
bb
aaB
B
AA
BB
Enno
aab
b
AA
bb
aaB
B
AA
BB
P581
aab
b
AA
bb
aaB
B
AA
BB
t h
a-1
LSD0.05=1.1 tha-1
5
6
7
8
9
Akt
eur
Rain
er
Herm
ann
Lud
wig
…
aab
b
AA
bb
aaB
B
AA
BB
CH
76152
aab
b
AA
bb
aaB
B
AA
BB
Charg
…
aab
b
AA
bb
aaB
B
AA
BB
Orv
antis
aab
b
AA
bb
aaB
B
AA
BB
t h
a-1
LSD0.05=1.1 tha-1
QTL introgression
SCAB USA 2010 24
QTL introgression
SCAB USA 2010 25
Resistance donor: CM-82036 (Fhb1 + Qfhs.ifa-5A)
Recurrent winter wheat lines:
Opus: highly FHB susceptible (7 on a 1-9 scale)
Anthus: moderately resistant (4 on a 1-9 scale)
Marker assisted selection of BC3F2 plants: aabb, AAbb, aaBB, AABB
Field testing of BC3F2:5 lines in 10 experiments (5 locations, 2 years) for
1) FHB resistance: F. culmorum spray inoculations
2) Yield and quality: high-input production system (150 -200 kgN,
fungicides, CCC)
von der Ohe et al. (2010)
QTL introgression
SCAB USA 2010 26
von der Ohe et al. (2010)(modified)
Yield vs. FHB resistance in two BC3 populations
14-24 lines within each QTL class, replicated FHB resistance and yield testing
Anthus BC3F2:5 lines Opus BC3F2:5 lines
Anthus
Opus
QTL introgression
20
20
SCAB USA 2010 27
Frontana derived QTL
‘Frontana’ is a well known source of FHB resistance since many decades.
QTL mapped to chromosomes 3A and 5A (Steiner et al. 2004)
FHB severity FHB incidence
Xbarc570.0
Xbarc120.1
Xgwm36917.7
Xgwm77942.0
Xgwm72058.8
Xgwm111061.8
Xgwm112162.3
Xdupw22765.3
Xgwm15591.1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
LOD
Chromosome 3A
QTL introgression
SCAB USA 2010 28
FHB severity in BC2-derived sister lines for the marker Dupw227 at chromosome 3A in three ‚Frontana‘ derived
crosses with Apache, Augustus and Orvantis
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70M
ea
n F
HB
seve
rity
Apache Augustus Orvantis
n (lines per group) 18 24 15 17 15 12
Dupw227 aa AA aa AA aa AA
Recurrent cultivar
QTL introgression
SCAB USA 2010 29
Association of the semi-dwarf alleles Rht-B1a/b or Rht-D1a/b with FHB resistance
Marker assisted development of BC2F2 sister lines
recurrent parent: line ‘20812‘ (Rht-B1a/Rht-D1a), highly resistantdonor: ‘Hermann’ (Rht-B1b/Rht-D1a) and ‘Toras’ (Rht-B1a/Rht-D1b)
Rht-B1a Rht-B1b Rht-D1a Rht-D1b Controls
Me
an
FH
B s
eve
rity
[%
]
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Hermann
Toras
20812
Number of lines 18 22 19 19 3
Rht-B1a Rht-B1b Rht-D1a Rht-D1b ControlsRht-allele
Rht genes
SCAB USA 2010 30
Summary
Perfect markers still needed for most of the useful QTL
Association (correlation, linkage, pleiotropy) between
FHB resistance and other plant traits warrants further
investigation
Classical phenotypic selection for resistance is a successful strategy
Summary
Breeding for FHB resistance is (still) resource demanding
Molecular marker assisted selection is promising for large
effect QTL
The potential of genomic selection should be explored
SCAB USA 2010 31
Fulbright Visiting Professor
at the University of Natural Resources and Life Scienes Vienna
Autumn 2011
Clay Sneller, Ohio State University
Genomic Selection in Wheat Breeding.
SCAB USA 2010 32
Acknowledgments
Austrian Science Fund
Federal State
Lower Austria
Austrian Academic Exchange Service
Eurotransbio
Barbara Steiner
Marc Lemmens
Aziz Salameh
Apinun Limmongkon
Abdallah Alimari
Karin Huber
Johannes Heckmann
Katharina Schießl
Maria Buerstmayr
Matthias Fidesser
Andrea Koutnik
Gerhard Adam
Wolfgang Schweiger
Rainer Schuhmacher
Franz Berthiller
Kurt Brunner
Rudi Krska
James A. Anderson
Tomohiro Ban