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Destructive Examination &Testing
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Destructive Examination
Destructive Examination renders the weld
or material unfit for further service.
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Common methods used in
Destructive Examination
Bend testing
Tensile testing
Impact testing
Hardness testing
Chemical analysis
Hydrostatic testing to destruction
Peel testing
Spark testing
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Bend Testing
Bend test samples are referred to as
TestCoupons The most common bend tests are
Guided face and root bend testing
Guided side bend testingLongitudinal root and side bend testing
Fillet weld bend testing
Unguided bend testing
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Bend Testing Sample Removal
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Bend Testing Sample
Preparation
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Face
Bend Testing
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RootB
end Testing
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SideB
end Testing
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Longitudinal
Face
Bend Testing
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Longitudinal Root
Bend Testing
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Fillet
Bend Testing
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PipeF
illetB
end Testing
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Tensile Strength Testing Tensile is a test in which a prepared
sample is pulled until the sample breaks.
Test Measurements are recorded in PSI(Pounds per Square Inch) E7018 = 70,000 PSI Tensile
Test samples called Tensile Bolts can
reveal a welds Tensile strength, Elasticlimit, Yield point, and Ductility.
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Tensile Strength Testing TheElastic Limitof metal is the stress
(load) it can withstand and still return to the
original length after the load is released.
Yield Strength occurs when the test sample
stretches however will not return to its
original length.
Ductility is the ability of a metal to stretch
or elongate before it breaks.
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Tensile Testing Strength
Graph
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I
mpact Testing An Impact tester uses a heavy pendulum
that is able to measure the amount of force
required to shear or fracture a test sample
taken from welds Heat Affected Zone
(HAZ)
Impact testing may be performed usingeither the IzodorCharpy method. (Both
methods are similar)
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I
mpact Testing A Charpy or Izod test measures the welds
ability to withstand an Impactforce.
Low Charpy test readings indicate brittle
weld metal
Higher Charpy readings indicate the
samples toughness.
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Hardness testing Hardness may be defined as the
resistance to permanent indentation.
Three common hardness measuring
tests are
Rockwell test
Scleroscope test
Brinell
Microhardness test
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Hardness testing TheRockwelltesting machine operates
somewhat like a press, using a indenterto
penetrate the surface of the test sample.
The depth of the indentation determines the
materials hardness on a scale of 0-100
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Hardness testing The Sceleroscpoe testing machine measures
the amount bounce that a diamond tip
hammer rebounds off the test sample afterbeing dropped.
The Brinellmethod presses the indenter
into a sample for a given period of time. The ability for the sample to resist
indentation determines hardness.
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Hardness testing Microhardness testers allow you to measure
a materials hardness while leaving the least
amount of damage possible on the metalssurface.
After the indenter is used a powerful
microscope is used to determine the theamount of indentation into the components
surface.
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C
hemical Analysis
Chemical analysis is used in metallurgical
laboratories to determine the metals grain
and crystalline structures.
Samples are then place under a high power
microscope to view the results.
This is referred to as Metalography
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Hydrostatic Testing to Destruction
Pressure testing or leak testing can be
performed with either gasses or liquids.
When this pressure exceeds the limitations
of the structures design it will rupture under
force.
This rupture will allow engineers to
understand the welds weakest areas.
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Peel testing
Lap joints may be tested to destruction
using aPeeltest.
Peeltesting is most commonly used to
check the strength of resistance spot welds
or stud weld
Spot weld peel tests are considered
successful when the spot weld nugget is
torn out of the test sample pieces in tact.
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Spark Testing The shape and
characteristic of sparks
created when metal isground will help
determine its
properties.
IE: carbon steel , mild
steel.
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Quiz
time
Which of the following is a destructive
test ?A: magnet particle
B: tensile testing
C: die penetrate testingD: ultrasonic testing
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Quiz
time The _______ type hardness test leaves the least
amount of damage on the metals surface.
A: Rockwell
B: Brinell
C: Scleroscope
D: Microhardness
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Quiz
time When a metal stretches, but dose not break under a
certain load, this point is called the _________
Point.
A: yield
B: tensileC: stretch
D: ultimate strength
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Quiz
time Ductility is the ability of a metal to ________
before it breaks.
A: Bend
B: Stretch or elongate
C: Be forged
D: Be indented
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Quiz time
A Charpy test measures a welds ability to
withstand _________ force.
A: Impact
B: Bending
C: Penetrating
D: Stretching
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Quiz time
Hardness may be defined as the resistance to
__________?
Indentation
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Modern WeldingYorkCounty School of Technology