Next-Generation Digital Twin
meets DDDAS
Siemens Corporate Technology
Version 5.0
April 2016
Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
Corporate Technology
Next-Generation Digital Twin
Digital copy of an object that is created and developed simultaneously with the real object throughout its lifecycle
2016-08-09 DDDAS 2016 Page 2
• How do we keep the real and digital worlds in sync?
• What new technologies are needed?
• How is it beneficial?
• Are there brand new applications?
• Can we deploy it at scale?
• What’s the connection to DDDAS?
Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
Corporate Technology
Design of Living Systems
Unconventional Sensing Applications
Digital Twin Interactions
Motivation
Agenda
2016-08-09 DDDAS 2016 Page 3
Next-Generation Digital Twin meets DDDAS
Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
Corporate Technology
Motivation
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• Software / Informatics
• Mechanics
• Electrics, Electronics
• Automation, HMI
• Safety, security
• Maintenance
Physical product
Physical production facility
Digital model
• Location, identity…
• Status
• SW version
• Interfaces
• …
Contains all the information on …
+
The digital twin is always up-to-date and is extended over the entire lifecycle
Production Design Production Planning Production
Engineering Production Execution Production Services
Product Design Product Engineering Product Production Product Operation Product Maintenance
*Note: feedback and feedforward loops not visualized
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Corporate Technology
Areas of Interest
Ongoing research in three relevant areas:
• Functional equivalence in Systems-of-
Systems can help us to design, on-the-
fly, alternative system configurations
that accomplish the system goals
• Situational awareness and
identification of new functions and
behaviors through continuous sensing
• Internal interactions: within the Digital
Twin such as its composition and
evolution over the lifecycle
• External interactions: with other Digital
Twins to form Systems-of-Systems and
create new functions
• Ongoing discussion often focused on
“real-to-digital”
• We have identified two interesting
“digital-to-real” applications:
• Cyber-physical security
• As-X synchronization
Digital Twin Interactions Design of Living Systems Unconventional Sensing Applications
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DT DT RT DT DT DT DT
*Definitions:
• DT = Digital Twin
• RT = Real Twin
Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
Corporate Technology
Design of Living Systems
Unconventional Sensing Applications
Digital Twin Interactions
Motivation
Agenda
2016-08-09 DDDAS 2016 Page 6
Next-Generation Digital Twin meets DDDAS
Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
Corporate Technology
Internal Digital Twin Interactions
Relationship between the Digital Twin and DDDAS
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Reality
Product’s Digital Twin
Experiment/
Field Data
Models CFD
Model
Wind
Tunnel Materials
CAE
Model
Production
Data
CAM
Model
NJ AZ Repair
Perform.
Model
Aging
Model
Sensor data
View 1 View 2 View 4 View 5 View 3
e1 e2 e3 e4
…
Sensor 1 Sensor 2 Sensor N
Dynamic
Feedback
Goal is to enable bidirectional flows of information between data-models and models-models and a dynamic feedback between field data
and models (DDDAS) Product Design
Product Engineering
Product Production
Product Operation
Product Maintenance
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Corporate Technology
External Digital Twin Interactions
Digital Twins and Real Twins interact with each other in space and time forming Systems-of-Systems
Macroscopic view
• Real Twins also generate context information about their
environment, use, and interactions that are impossible, or very
expensive, to model a-priori:
• Emergent behaviors
• Semantic relationships
• Information flows
• Business flows
• These external interactions provide valuable insights that can
be used to optimize the product in the different lifecycle phases
• Next-generation product design
• Prognostics and health maintenance
2016-08-09 DDDAS 2016 Page 8
Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
Corporate Technology
Design of Living Systems
Unconventional Sensing Applications
Digital Twin Interactions
Motivation
Agenda
2016-08-09 DDDAS 2016 Page 9
Next-Generation Digital Twin meets DDDAS
Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
Corporate Technology
Acoustic Side Channel Reconstruction from 3D Printers
*In collaboration with UC Irvine (Prof. M. A. Al Faruque)
• Demonstration of digital-to-real information flows
• Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) leak digital information physically (e.g., sound, heat, electro-magnetic)
• These side-channels can be used to fingerprint CPS
• These fingerprints have implications in cyber-physical security and in automation & control
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*References:
[1] S. Chhetri, et al., "KCAD: Kinetic Cyber Attack Detection Method for Cyber-Physical Additive Manufacturing Systems", ICCAD’16, 2016
[2] M. A. Al Faruque, et al., "Acoustic Side-Channel Attacks on Additive Manufacturing Systems", ICCPS’16, 2016
[3] S. Chhetri, et al., "Poster: Exploiting Acoustic Side-Channel for Attack on Additive Manufacturing Systems", NDSS'16, 2016, *NDSS Distinguished Poster Award*
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Corporate Technology
Digital Twin Updates to Maintain the “As-X” Property
Side-channel data used to maintain the Digital Twins up-to-date and in sync with the real world
Unconventional Manufacturing Sensors
• Side channel data captures process variations that fieldbus
data is unable to capture
• Quantify and propagate process variations that cause
discrepancies between the “As-Designed” information with the
“As-Built”, “As-Serviced”, and “As-Maintained” information
stored in the Digital Twin
• Process variation not only updates the production Digital
Twins, but also can be used to infer the actual state of the
product it is being manufactured
• Side channel feedback control to reduce the process variability
for the next operation or work piece
• Side channel feedforward control to compensate for process
variability introduced by the current machine
2016-08-09 DDDAS 2016 Page 11
Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
Corporate Technology
Design of Living Systems
Unconventional Sensing Applications
Digital Twin Interactions
Motivation
Agenda
2016-08-09 DDDAS 2016 Page 12
Next-Generation Digital Twin meets DDDAS
Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
Corporate Technology
Digital Twin for Adaptive Resilience
Functional Modeling
• Existing approaches rely on pre-locating assets (e.g., snow
plows and salt in case of a blizzard)
• A new approach is needed for functional continuity of the
system:
• Functional equivalence identifies alternative function,
behavior, structure configurations to perform effectively the
same function
• Dynamic detection of system needs and priorities is
needed to realize self-awareness
• A scalable approach to composition of a “system of
simulations” with different formalisms and levels of fidelity
to analyze and evaluate potential outcomes
2016-08-09 DDDAS 2016 Page 13
How can urban infrastructure dynamically reconfigure in case of adverse events?
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Corporate Technology
Thank you!
Contact information
Dr. Arquimedes Canedo
Principal Scientist
Automation and Control
755 College Road East
Princeton, NJ, 08540
E-mail:
Internet
siemens.com/corporate-technology
Intranet
intranet.ct.siemens.com
2016-08-09 DDDAS 2016 Page 14