DIRECT AND INDIRECTSPEECH
DIRECT SPEECH / Quoted Speech
Is saying exactly what someone has said is called direct speech (sometimes called quoted speech) here what a person says appears within quotation marks (“...”) and should be word for word.
Direct speech / quoted speechBilamana kata kerja dalam sebuah kalimat memberitakan
apa yang dikatakan oleh si pembicara tertentu dalam sebuah kalimat yang lain, dalam kalimat pertama disebut Reporting Verb, dan apa yang dikatakan dalam kalimat yang kedua disebut Reported speech.
Contoh :Reporting Verb ( kata kerja yang memberitakan )
he said, Reported Speech ( kalimat langsung ) “I am going to fishing”
Bilamana reported speech mengulangi kata-kata yang sebenarnya, ini disebut direct speech ( kalimat langsung ). Contoh : He said, “I am going to fishing”
Examplehe said :
he said “I’m going to
fishing”
Indirect Speech / Reported SpeechDoesn’t use quotation marks to enclose what
the person said and it doesn’t have to be word for word.
When reporting speech the tense ussually changes, because when we use reported speech we are ussually taking about a time in the past.
The verbs therefore ussually have to be in the past too.
Indirect Speech / Reported SpeechBilamana reported speech memberikan isi
pokok kata-kata yang dipakai oleh sipembicara, dan bukan kata-kata yang sebenarnya, di sebut Indirect Speech ( kalimat tidak langsung), dalam susunan kalimatnya dihubungkan oleh “that”
Contoh :He said that he was going to fishing
Example :
Direct Speech : he said
Indirect speech :
“I’m going to fishing ”
He said (that)he
was going to fishing
Tense changewhen we use reported speech, we are ussually taking about the past. So verb ussually change to the past in reported speech.Example :
Am/is wasDirect She said, “I am busy”Indirect She said ( that ) she was busy
Direct He said, “ The woman is coming”.Indirect He said (that) the woman was coming
Example :Are were Direct Tomi said, “my parents are very well”. Indirect Tomi said (that) his parents were very well
Have / Has had Direct Riri said, “ Ann has bought a new car”. Indirect Riri said, Ann had bought a new car
Will would Direct charlie said, “ I will phone you when I get back Indirect charlie said (that) he would phone me when he got back
Example Can could Direct Nisa said, ”I can come to the party” Indirect Nisa said, (that) she could come to the party
Tense changeExcept, when reported speech has talk about
fact, tenses haven’t to change to the past form
Example : Direct He said London is a great city IndirectHe said (that) London is a great city
Direct She says, I am hungry IndirectShe says that she is hungry
Interogative sentence If reported speech is interogative sentences,
reporting verb say should be change to ask.
When forming a question, that begin by auxiliary or the verb be before subject in direct sentences. Indirect sentences must be connected by if or whether between reporting verb or reported speech
Command Example :Direct Stand up!Indirect he asked me to stand up
Direct call me !Indirect she asked me to call her
Prohibition ( larangan )Direct don’t smoke in here !Indirect he asked not to smoke in here
Direct don’t cheat !Indirect she asked not to teach
Example :
DirectHe said to me, “ are you going to day?”IndirectHe asked me whether / if I was going away
that day
II. Direct He said to me, “where are you going?” IndirectHe asked me where I was going
Conclusions:
We are known about three form of sentences, there are : imperative sentences, statement, and question
When we use reported speech, we are ussually talking about the past. So verbs ussually change to the past in reported speech.
When forming a question, that begin by auxiliary or the verb be before subject in direct sentences. Indirect sentences must be connected by if or whether between reporting verb or reported speech
Thank you....