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Page 1: E2-E3 E & WS

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E2-E3

E & WS

VSAT

Page 2: E2-E3 E & WS

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WELCOME

• This is a presentation for the E2-E3 E&WS

Module for the Topic: VSAT

• Eligibility: Those who have got the Upgradation

to from E2 to E3.

• This presentation is last updated on 15-3-2011.

• You can also visit the Digital library of BSNL to

see this topic.

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AGENDA

VSAT Introduction

Benefits/Advantages of VSAT Network

Components of VSAT

VSAT Network and Network Topology

KU band Broadband V-SAT Network

VSAT Services

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VSAT INTRODUCTION

VERY SMALL APERTURE TERMINAL:

ANTENNA DIA - Typically about 2 to 5 feet

(0.55-1.8 meters) for KU

Band

VSAT’s POPULARITY DUE TO:

- SMALL ANTENNA

- NO LAST MILE PROBLEM

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VSAT INTRODUCTION

1. VSAT is a complete earth station that is installed at user

premises and provides business communication services.

2. VSAT systems can be designed to serve both

broadcast and interactive applications whether

data, voice or video.

3. Can be operated in either single or multi user

environment.

4. In single-user mode it interfaces directly to the

customer’s PC.

5. In multi-user mode, seamlessly integrates into a

Local Area Network with its built in Ethernet

Interface RJ-45

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V-SAT technology is a secure and reliable medium

to connect geographically dispersed locations and

represents a cost effective solution for users

seeking an independent communication network.

Broadband V-SAT of BSNL, operating in Ku band

of electromagnetic spectrum i.e. 11 to 18 GHz, offer

value added satellite based services capable of

supporting – Broadband internet access ,VOIP,

video conferencing, IP multicast, Local Area

Network, voice, Fax and can also provide powerful

dependable private communication solutions.

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VSAT INTRODUCTION

V-SAT offers broadband services which

provides high performance two-way

connectivity for Broadband access.

Offers value added satellite based services

with the added advantage to serve remote

and inaccessible areas.

A cost-effective networking solution for

Corporate bodies, Training Centers,

Hospitals, Stock exchanges, Banks,

Technical institutions, Government, military

etc.

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Advantages of VSAT Network

Ease and rapidity of installation.

Relative independence of VSAT earth station from

terrestrial links.

The reliability and the quality are generally

superior to

the terrestrial alternatives.

The overall end to end availability to the users is in

excess of 99 percent.

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Advantages of VSAT Network

V-SAT can be used to give immediate service to

locations that cannot afford to wait for such long lead

times.

The V-SAT can be deployed for communication

very quickly for emergencies such as natural

calamities etc.

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VSAT Components

VSAT consist of a small dish antenna ( 0.75 to 1.8

m), antenna feed, RF outdoor unit ( ODU ) and an

indoor unit (IDU).

Antenna dia < 3 M in C-Band and < 1.6 M in

Ku Band.

Most antennas are symmetrical, front fed with

paraboloidal reflector and offset feeds.

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VSAT Components

OUTDOOR UNIT (ODU)

TRANSMIT/RECEIVE DISH ANTENNA & FEED

BLOCK UP CONVERTER (BUC)(1W-2W):- It

converts incoming I.F. (from IDU) to RF transmitting

frequency, amplifies it and passes it to feed.

LOW NOISE BLOCK DOWN CONVERTER

(LNB):-It amplifies incoming R.F. (Radio Frequency)

from feed using low noise amplifier, converts

it to I.F. and passes it to IDU.

-

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INDOOR UNIT (IDU)

The indoor unit may be a small desktop box, or it

may be a network module integrated with a router

providing V-SAT network connectivity

Provide flexible Interfaces like Ethernet 10/100

Base T (RJ45), USB with maximum download

speed of up to 4 Mbps and maximum upload speed

of up to 2 Mbps.

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INDOOR UNIT (IDU)

On receiving side, IDU converts I.F.

(Intermediate Frequency) from ODU to base

band signals which may be data, video or

voice.

On transmitting side, IDU converts base

band signals to I.F. and passes them to ODU.

I.F. is generally in L band. R.F. can be in C,

Ku or Ka bands.

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VSAT IDU / ODU EQUIPMENT

ODU IDU

IDU (IPX-5100)

flexible, Low-cost, and high performance Two way satellite User Terminal

•10/100 Fast Ethernet LAN port

DishPower

LAN Link

Ethernet

Sync

Feed horn

LNB

BUC

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Choice of Frequency Band

The case for C- and X band is ,when suitable Ku

bandwidth is not available or rain environment is

unsuitable in region of interest.

For these reasons, C-band, while demanding

dish sizes effectively twice that of Ku band, is

practical solution for VSAT’s in Pacific Islands,

Equatorial South America, Southeast Asia,

Central Africa and India.

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FREQUENCY BANDS FOR VSAT

C-BAND (6/4 GHz)

- WORLDWIDE AVAILABILITY

- CHEAPER TECHNOLOGY

- ROBUSTNESS TO RAINFALL

- REMOTE STATIONS LARGER; 1 TO 3 m.

-INTERFERENCE TO ADJACENT SATELLITES &

TERRESTRIAL MICROWAVE

EXT.C-BAND ( 6.975/6.735 GHz) –

RELATIVELY LESS USAGE; USED IN INDIA

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Ku-BAND (14/10-12 GHz)

MAKES BETTER USE OF SATELLITE

CAPACITY

REMOTE STATIONS ARE SMALLER;

0.6 TO 1.8 m.

- RAIN AFFECTS LINK PERFORMANCE

FREQUENCY BANDS FOR VSAT

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VSAT NETWORKS

Support mainly digital networks Entire network

can be controlled from a single hub through

appropriate commands.

The network can be defined operated from the

hub. The hub also takes care of billing etc.

BROADCAST CHARACTERISTICS :-The V-

SAT application started with receive only terminals

for receiving TV broadcast signals in C band.

Small dishes measuring 1.5M to 3M are being

widely used for receive only applications for TV

broadcast for DTH services.

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ELEMENTS OF VSAT NETWORKS

- SATELLITE - GEOSTATIONARY,

- 35786 KM. ABOVE EARTH

- REMOTE STATIONS CALLED VSATs

- CENTRAL & LARGER STATION CALLED HUB

- NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

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ELEMENTS OF VSAT NETWORKS (CONTD.)

- NETWORK PROTOCOLS

-MULTIPLE ACCESS & CHANNEL ACCESS

TECHNIQUE

-- USER TERMINALS (DTEs), INTERFACES, &

PROTOCOLS

- BASEBAND PROCESSING

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VSAT NETWORK SUBSYSTEMS

VSATVSAT

NMC

USER

TERMINALS

USER

TERMINALSPHONE

DTEs DTEs

PHONE

HUB

IDUIDU

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Network Topology

V-SAT networks can be arranged in point to

point, star, mesh, star/mesh and broadcast

configurations.

Point to Point Network:-two-way

communications between two V-SAT sites

Star Network :- any number of V-SAT sites to

have two-way communication with a central

hub.

Mesh Network :-two-way communications

between any V-SAT sites in a network. A

central hub is not necessary.

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Satellite repeater

Uplink Downlink

Outbound

Broadcast

Carrier

Hub Station

Inbound Multiple

Access Carriers from VSAT’s.

Figure : A Typical arrangement of outbound and inbound transmissions in a Star

VSAT network.

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VSAT NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

STAR NETWORK

• TYPES - ONE WAY – FOR BROADCAST

APPLICATIONS

• TWO WAY – FOR INTERACTIVE APPLICATIONS

• COMMUNICATION VIA HUB

MESH NETWORK

• COMMUNICATION WITHOUT GOING TO HUB

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Star Configuration :

Communication between two user terminals is in two

hops, through a Hub.

All information transfer is between remote node and

hub; direct single hop remote to remote data transfer is not

possible with this topology.

It is a Point to Multipoint architecture and most

widely used.

VSAT NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

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VSAT NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

Star Configuration :

OTBOUND Signal – from hub to remote nodes.

- Also known as “forward” or “Downstream” signal.

- It is received by all remote nodes within satellite

footprint.

- It typically contains address information that allows

desired remote to select the information destined for

them.

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Star Configuration

INBOUND Signal – from remote nodes to hub.

- Also known as “forward” or “Downstream” signal.

- Inbound transmissions from VSAT’s employ one of

number of multiple access techniquesALOHA,TDMA,FDMA or CDMA.

VSAT networks with hub have the benefit of

centralized management and control provided with the

help of NOC (Network operation and control centre )

located at hub station.

VSAT NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

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Mesh Configuration :

Mesh configuration is point to point architecture and

allows any station to have a single hop connection with any

other station; using TDMA access.

There is no hub station with a large antenna to offset small

dish size and low transmit power of VSAT.

Each terminal has capability to reach any other at full data

rate, which is in range of 256 kbps to 10 Mbps.

This capability is sufficient to support full channel of

commercial quality MPEG 2 video along with audio and

other data.

VSAT NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

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KU band Broadband V-SAT Network

V-SAT Broadband (Ku band V-SAT) networksof BSNL designed in a hub and

spoke fashion

customer locations directly connected overthe air to a central “hub” facility.

The equipment at a customer site

V-SAT receiver/router

Small dish mounted on top of or outside thebuilding

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KU band Broadband V-SAT Network

Equipment at the central hub facility

a large Satellite antenna of 8.1m Cassegrainfeed type.

Sophisticated hub RF components receiveand transmit to the remote sites, and routeinformation to and from the internet or privatenetworks.

GATEWAY Networking Equipment withinterfaces to Terrestrial Networks

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KU band Broadband V-SAT Network

Internet router is connected to BSNL NationalInternet Backbone using multiple 2 Mbpsleased line

All Remote V-SAT locations are havingprivate IP so that remote V-SAT users canconnect to Internet.

BSNL’s Ku Band HUB (Earth Station) atBANGALORE

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IP BASED VSAT BROADBAND SERVICE

Broadband Services on a single platform

Excellent networking solution for Corporatebodies, Banks, Hospitals, Stock exchanges,Educational institutions, Government, militaryetc.

Quick network deployment includinginaccessible/remote areas

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Quality Bandwidth Any Time Any Where

VSAT HUBEQUIPMENT

VoIP

MLLN

Ku Band

BSNL

Gateway

Bangalore VSAT

(Private

IP)

INSAT

INTERNET

MPLS

IDU

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Services Offered

Leased Lines through VSAT on IP platform:Starting from 4Kbps and upto 2Mbps

High speed Broadband Internet

VoIP Telephony

Facsimile

Supports Telemedicine applications

Supports E-learning applications

IP multicasting, Video Conf., Video Streaming

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V-SAT Market

The Indian V-SAT market was valued at Rs650crore in 2008-2009.

Around 25,000 V-SATs are sold every year,with the installed base growing at a CAGR of25 percent.

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The key driver of V-SAT market’s growth in India

need to spread connectivity to remote areas

the demand coming from the BFSI verticals

Telemedicine, interactive distance education,digital signage/cinema, stock-brokering SWANprojects, growth in the retail industry etc. willdrive the growth in the market for the next 2-3years.

Telecom/cellular networks are another majorgrowth area, since the only way operators canaffordably provide connectivity in some parts ofIndia is through V-SAT.

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